Appendix F - Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Managment Report

Bushfire Report


    5.2.3 Ember Attack

Ember attack, often referred to as spot fires, represents a prominent hazard during
bushfires. This phenomenon occurs when burning embers, also known as firebrands
or spot fires, are carried by the wind and land in different locations, potentially
igniting new fires.

In the midst of a bushfire, the combination of hot air and flames generates updrafts
capable of lifting burning embers over considerable distances. These embers can
alight on rooftops, in gutters, or on flammable materials near buildings and
structures, leading to ignition and the potential initiation of new fires.

Ember attack poses a unique danger because it can manifest hours or even days
after the primary fire front has passed, and it has the capacity to ignite fires in areas
previously unaffected by the bushfire. Consequently, it is imperative to prepare for
ember attack through measures such as establishing a defensible space around
buildings and structures, removing flammable materials from the vicinity, and sealing
gaps and openings in buildings to prevent ember ingress.

    5.2.4 Wind and Smoke Attack

Strong winds can cause a bushfire to spread more rapidly and can also increase the
likelihood of ember attack, as burning embers can be carried by the wind over long
distances. Wind can also push flames and radiant heat towards buildings and
structures, increasing the risk of direct flame contact and radiant heat exposure.

Smoke from a bushfire can also pose a danger to people's health, particularly for
those with respiratory problems. Smoke can contain particulate matter, carbon
monoxide, and other harmful pollutants that can irritate the lungs and worsen
respiratory conditions. In addition to health effects, smoke can reduce visibility,
making it more difficult for firefighters to contain the fire and for people to evacuate
safely.

    5.2.5   Convection and Conduction

Both convection and conduction can play a significant role in the spread and
intensity of a bushfire. To reduce the risk of a bushfire spreading through convection
and conduction, it's important to create a defensible space around buildings and
structures, clear flammable materials from the area, and use fire-resistant building
materials when constructing or renovating buildings. It's also crucial to follow
evacuation orders and stay informed about the fire's behavior and movement to
ensure personal safety.



5.3    Bushfire Protection Measures
This section identifies the bushfire protection measures that will be implemented as
part of the proposed development to comply with the requirements of both the State
Max Bushfire Protection Consulting                                                  37