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2017-03-07 S&O Agenda Attachment 1 to Item 9 Green Waste Survey Report
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g - ROLFE PERRY & ASSOCIATES PTY LTD: @
Attachment 1 to Item 9
Services & Organisation Committee Meeting
7 March 2017
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey
Report
Prepared by:
Rolfe Perry and Associates Pty Ltd
6 December 2016
RP&A Ref: J386See the original
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Full text of the other 31 sections
Section 2
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Table of Contents
4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2
2 INTRODUCTION 3
3 DATA SUMMARY 5
COLLECTION AND SORTING 5
4 COLLECTION DATA COLLATION 7
44 BIN WEIGHTS 7
5 SORT DATA COLLATION 14
5.1 GREEN WASTE CHARACTERISTICS 11
6 FACTORS AFFECTING DATA ACQUISITION 13
6.1 DATA ACQUISITION 13
6.2 | OTHER GENERAL ISSUES 13
6.3. CONTAMINATION 14
7 CONCLUSIONS 14
Appendices 16
Appendix A 17
Audited Streets 17
Appendix B 22
Survey Areas 22
Appendix C 27
Images 27
a
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page iSection 3
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A greenwaste survey trial has been undertaken in four (4) selected locations within the Noosa Council local authority area. The purpose of the survey was to determine the quantity of fruit and vegetable waste disposed of by householders in their greenwaste bin. Participating residents were notified by letter in advance of the survey and asked to wrap fruit and vegetable waste in newspaper prior to placing the waste in the bin. Four urban residential type areas of about 250 households each were selected for the trial. The four survey areas totalled 989 greenwaste bin householders of which 170 households were included in the greenwaste street audit. The street audit targeted about 30 households within each survey area. The audit comprised of collection and weighing all presented greenwaste bins, then sorting the greenwaste collected into relevant categories. On aggregate, for the four survey areas — Sunrise Beach, Tewantin Noosa, Heads and Noosa Waters, fruit and vegetable waste comprised 4% of the total greenwaste collected in the audit. The average greenwaste bin weight (net) was 14.5 kg for the four survey areas. On this basis fruit and vegetable waste comprises about 600g per average green waste bin. Historic monthly greenwaste bin data indicate average bin weights for Noosa vary from as little as 100g to 3.5kg month to month, depending on the season of the year, rainfall, and holiday season. Changes in average bin weights over the subject organic waste trial period therefore may be disguised by these other influences. Ancillary observations were recorded during the trial such as excessive odour, excessive bin weights (>70kg), and description of any contamination. Contamination was found to be minor (about 0.5% by weight) but included soiled nappy, animal faeces, fruitfly larvae and animal bones. Excessive odour was noted on a number of occasions. At times the survey team was approached by residents who offered the opinion that the two week disposal cycle for fruit and vegetable waste too long, resulting in an unacceptable odour and/or is also unhygienic. It was suggested by a resident that such matters would be satisfactorily resolved if the collection service was weekly. None of the bins weighed were excessive in weight (>70kg). Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 2
Section 4
2 INTRODUCTION
Rolfe Perry and Associates Pty Ltd (RP&A) were commissioned by Noosa Council to
undertake a greenwaste survey in four (4) selected locations within the Noosa
Council local authority area. The purpose of the survey was to determine the
quantity of fruit and vegetable waste disposed of by householders in their greenwaste
bin. Residents were notified by letter in advance of the survey and asked to wrap
any fruit and vegetable waste in newspaper prior to placing the waste in the bin.
The survey was completed over four days between the 21°' October and 3"
November 2016.
The four areas selected for the survey each contained approximately 250
householders that are serviced with both general waste and greenwaste bins. The
survey areas comprised of
Sunrise Beach (276 householders);
Tewantin (249);
Noosa Heads (236); and
Noosa Waters (228)
The survey areas are shown in Figure 2.1.
| Bin collection data specific to these survey areas was recorded by waste contractor
Cleanaway. A bin audit comprising approximately 30 householders, was also
conducted within a select few streets of each survey area. Plans showing the
selected audit streets are contained in Appendix A of this report. Detail plans of the
four survey areas are contained in Appendix B. Select photographs of greenwaste
bin contents are contained in Appendix C of this report.
The audit consisted of weighing the bins presented on collection day, retrieving the
waste contained in the greenwaste bin and sorting the waste into relevant categories
and weighed.
Four data summary reports were issued to Noosa Council after each area survey
audit to provide timely feedback.
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 3Section 5
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Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 4Section 6
i
3 DATA SUMMARY
COLLECTION AND SORTING
As the take up of greenwaste bins is optional, the street addresses of houses with
greenwaste bins was determined from a Council database prior to undertaking the
survey. A map showing property boundaries and street numbers for houses with
greenwaste bins is shown in Appendix A.
All greenwaste bins that were presented on the day of the survey in the audit streets
were weighed and then emptied into a trailer. A note was made if a bin was not
presented. The general waste bins from the same addresses were also weighed if
presented.
The collected greenwaste was transported to the Noosaville Landfill where it was
sorted into relevant categories and weighed.
The waste was sorted into the following categories:
1. Contamination
2. Palm fronds
3. Leaves
4. Prunings
5. Grass
6. Fruit and vegetable waste
7. Root Balls
The weight of the material in each category was recorded (rounded to the nearest
kilogram).
Root balls were encountered only in the Sunrise Beach audit, comprising 2% of the
greenwaste sorted. Whilst this has been recorded in the raw data, the category has
been eliminated from aggregate projections (by adding it to the prunings category) for
simplicity and graphical clarity.
A summary of the raw and statistical data derived from the collection and sort phase
for each survey area is presented in Table 3.1. Weights have been rounded to the
nearest kilogram.
Note: All weights reported herein are net.
a
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 5Section 7
21-Oct-16 1-Nov-16 3-Nov-16 | 8-Nov-16
ea Survey Areas Pee a Survey Areas Fae Survey Areas Survey Areas
Jones | as | | oe | | wo | ows fT ws | | se | | a |e
| cenerat | Green | cenerat | Green | General | Green | General | Green | Genera | Green | General | Green | General | Green | General | Green |
| Audit Collection Data_| unit _| waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste | waste |
| rotatweignt |e | | a9 | 9300 | 2600 | aon [340 | roaa0 | 3260 | 327 | aor | exso | 2200 | 3m | aie | seeo | 2200 |
| rotatwins Presented |e | | a6 | oss | 207 | x | za | ome | 195 | ae | a3 | ois | ron | 22 | 24 | 265 | aor |
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Audit Sort Data Greenwaste Street Audit Bins Sort Data
crenwane [eet [ seen | tewantin |
Category | we | x | | ts | x | |_| x | | ie | x |
| contamination | os | | 10 | errata [a | 02 | ee later
[Paiméronés | 253 | 29 | 2509 | iereae eee |_ 103 | 272 | | so | 268 |
ltewes | as. | aoe | as | | 131 | 33 | [155 | aos | | 40 | 122 |
| pranings | aa | 5 | 5 | | os | 86 | | os: | aa | |_s7_| 264 |
| crass cppings | tsa | 13 | 26 | | 6s | 193 | | si | 3a | | 104 | 13 |
| nootsas | oo | 10 | 200 | | o | 0 | | o | 00 | |_o | 0 |
[ruitaves | ao] 2s | 500 | |e | 24 | | 19 | 45 | | 10 | 29 |
Loran Fmassien[aetoo | [| 341 | 100 | | 380 | 100 | | 332__| 100 |
Note: Aggregate % - root balls % added to prunings category for simplicity. All weights are net.
a en
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 6Section 8
a
4 COLLECTION DATA COLLATION
41 BIN WEIGHTS
A frequency histogram showing the distribution of greenwaste bin weights based on
a category width of 2 kg is shown below in Figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1 Distribution of bin weights
Noosa Survey Areas - Distribution of Bin Weights
(greenwaste)
14
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0 2 4 6 8 1012141618 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 4042 44 46 48 50525456
Bin Weight Category (kg)
The heaviest green waste bin was 54kg, the lightest 2kg giving a range of 52kg.
Average bin weights for the street audits ranged from 12.2kg to 14.2kg. This
compares to average bin weights of 12.6 to 16.8kg for bins collected by Cleanaway
from the four subject survey areas (Figure 4.2).
Figure 4.2 Average bin weights
Green Waste Bin Survey/Audit - average bin weights
18.0.
16.0 —_—___3—_—_—_—_—_———______
14.0 +—ges—— |
12.0 +— — |
- 10.0 |— = — @ Street Audit Mean Bin
= 8.0 fl Weight
6.0 @ Survey Area Mean Bin
“ Weight
no a a
ofa ee |
Sunrise Tewantin Noosa Noosa
Beach Heads Waters |
pn
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 7Section 9
Figure 4.3 Average greenwaste bin weights - Comparison to non survey areas
oo .
survey trial v's non survey trial |
average bin weights |
30.0 TO |
‘B 25.0 — ——— |
= 20.0 +A —__ fF |
Bo
2 15.0 — ——
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ec N N N N N m~m oO oO oO oO
sg al ae lh
The above figure compares the Survey Area average greenwaste bin weights of bins
participating in the organic waste survey with the average weight of those bins that
were excluded from the survey. Note: Additional Survey Area bin collection data has
been included in the above figure. The data is additional to the four audit/survey days
and comprises data for Tewantin - 18'" October; Noosa Heads data - 20" October
and Noosa Waters - 25" October. On these dates the Survey Areas were serviced by
Cleanaway, no street audit undertaken.
Figure 4.4 Bin Presentation Rates
| Green Waste Bin Survey/Audit - Bin Presentation Rates |
| 100.0 ——- |
| 1:6) a = pool. |
80.0 -- Ee ier |
70.0 ++ — - ——
2 60.0 —— . .
5 Street Audit Presentation |
5 50.0 + Rate %
2 40.0 - .
@ Survey Area Presentation
30.0 - Rate % |
20.0 |
| 10.0 : |
| 0.0 |
Sunrise Tewantin Noosa Noosa
Beach Heads Waters
Bin presentation rates were generally lower for the street audits than for the area
surveys. It was noted that some bins were being presented after the street audit crew
had finished field operations which would bias the audit presentation rates lower.
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 8Section 10
Noosa Waters Survey Area returned bin presentation rates of 97% for 8" November
and 107% for the 25" October. The bins are collected from this area over two days
(Tuesday and Thursday). These results appear high and have subsequently been
omitted from Figure4.4 above.
Figure 4.5 Historical monthly bin average / survey trial area bin average
Noosa - green waste bin historic monthly average weight
v's aggregate survey trial bin average
20.0. _—$
19.0 4} $F
_ 18.0 cramer Sennen teers essrenivtnpetesemeenndiiesiSe
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11.0
“IR RRREREREEE EE
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov TRIAL
Figure 4.5 and Figure 4.6 both indicate the aggregate survey trial bin average to be
lower than the historic monthly averages. Figure 4.6 also indicates rainfall over the
survey period and for the historic data supplied. In general weather conditions have
been dry since the end of June.
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 9
:Section 11
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Daily Rain (mm)Section 12
+) SORT DATA COLLATION
5.1 GREEN WASTE CHARACTERISTICS
The collected greenwaste was sorted into relevant categories and weighed. The
categories included:
1. Contamination
2. Palm fronds
3. Leaves
4. Prunings
5. Grass
6. Fruit and vegetable waste
7. Root Balls
The distribution of the greenwaste over the first six major categories is shown in the
following pie graph figures (the root balls category has been omitted for clarity).
Figure 5.1- Greenwaste Categories
Aggregate (all 4 survey areas)
1%
™@ Contamination
@ Palm Fronds
m@ Leaves
@ Prunings
™ Grass Clippings
m Fruit & Veg
The overall distribution of greenwaste collected from the organic waste survey is
shown in Figure 5.1 above. The characteristics of the greenwaste for the four
different survey areas is contained in Figure 5.2.
On aggregate, for the four survey areas — Sunrise Beach, Tewantin Noosa, Heads .
and Noosa Waters fruit and vegetable scrapes comprised 4% of the total greenwaste
collected. It ranged from 3% to 5% for the four different areas. Higher percentages
were found to be associated with areas that wrapped the product in newspaper.
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 11Section 13
Sunrise Beach | Tewantin |
3% 1% | 3%
|
mContamination | ™ Contamination
@ Palm Fronds m Palm Fronds
leaves @ Leaves
@ Prunings @ Prunings
Grass Clippings m™ Grass Clippings
m Fruit & Veg m Fruit & Veg
Pe
Noosa Waters | Noosa Heads
3%_ 1% |
m™ Contamination & Contamination
m@ Palm Fronds m Palm Fronds
| @ Leaves @ Leaves
| m Prunings m Prunings
| ™ Grass Clippings ® Grass Clippings
| m Fruit & Veg @ Fruit & Veg
|
Lo ee epee ed
Figure 5.2 - Greenwaste
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
CDi 2016 Page 12 —Section 14
6 FACTORS AFFECTING DATA ACQUISITION
6.1 DATA ACQUISITION
The data acquired in this survey should be considered in light of the following factors.
1. Weather conditions preceding and during the survey have been
extremely dry. Thus grass clippings are probably underestimated and
leaves are likely overestimated
2. Fruit and vegetable waste collected in the survey was both wrapped
and unwrapped in newspaper.
Unwrapped fruit and vegetable weight data is likely to be more
accurate then that acquired in areas where this waste was wrapped in
newspaper.
6.2 OTHER GENERAL ISSUES
Excessive odour was noted on a number of occasions. In most cases, the odour
arose from wet grass clippings although decaying vegetable matter also accounted
for some of the odour.
At times the survey team was approached by residents who offered the opinion that
the two week disposal cycle for fruit and vegetable waste too long, resulting in an
unacceptable odour and/or is also unhygienic. It was suggested by a resident that
these matters would be satisfactorily resolved if the collection service was weekly.
Another resident advised that virtually all of their food organics were used to feed
their worm farm and that they were therefore very unlikely to ever be disposing of this
material in their bin.
One particularly odorous bin was collected. While the quantity of fruit an vegetable
waste was small, the bin contained free liquid. Another bin contained fruit fly larvae
and animal bones.
AREA SPECIFIC: Disposal of palm fronds are clearly an issue in areas like Noosa
Waters, as evidenced by the number of householders that placed palm fronds in both
the general waste and greenwaste bins.
Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 13Section 15
6.3 CONTAMINATION Contamination comprised 0.5% of the greenwaste collected. Contamination generally consisted of minor amounts of plastic and newspaper or recyclable material typically cans, bottles and plastics. One soiled nappy was also encountered. AREA SPECIFIC: In sandy soil areas (Sunrise Beach), sand and leaves are either raked or vacuumed, resulting in a considerable quantity of sand in the green waste leaf category. Thus the leaf weight would be an overestimate here. Sand is not organic and it will not contribute to the total mass of degradable material. 7 CONCLUSIONS A greenwaste survey trial has been undertaken in four (4) selected locations within the Noosa Council local authority area. The purpose of the survey was to determine the quantity of fruit and vegetable waste disposed of by participating householders in their greenwaste bin. On aggregate, fruit and vegetable waste comprised 4% (by weight) of the total greenwaste collected in the audit. The average greenwaste bin weight (net) was 14.5 kg for the four survey areas. On this basis fruit and vegetable waste comprises about 600g per average green waste bin. Historic monthly greenwaste bin data indicate average bin weights vary up to 3.5kg from month to month, depending on the season of the year, rainfall, and holiday season. Any trends in average bin weights over the subject trial period may therefore be disguised by these other influences. Characterisation of the greenwaste stream may be skewed due to prolonged dry weather conditions preceding and during the trial. Normal and wet weather conditions are likely to produce variations to the reported distributions and average bin weights. Ancillary observations were recorded during the trial such as excessive odour, excessive bin weights (>70kg), and description of any contamination. Contamination was found to be minor (about 0.5% by weight) but included soiled nappy, animal faeces, fruitfly larvae and animal bones. Excessive odour was noted on a number of occasions, and a few householders provided feedback with their opinions on odour, hygiene and desired frequency of service. Some issues were found to be area specific, such as sand comingled with the green waste leaf category (Sunrise Beach) and palm fronds placed in both general and greenwaste bins (Noosa Waters). Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 14
Section 16
None of the bins weighed were excessive in weight (>70kg). Signature for and on behalf of Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty. Ltd. aff Jim'Perry G Aust Engineering Associate Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd ACN 090 163 269 14 Tallgrass Avenue, Tewantin Q4565 0417 498 945 Definitions: Excessive Weight — is defined as a bin with a net weight exceeding 70kg. Contamination — all materials not published by Council as suitable for placement in the greenwaste bin. Note: not all contamination could be separated for weighing, an example is the comingled sand in the leaf category (Sunrise Beach). Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 15
Section 17
Appendices Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 16
Section 18
Audited Streets a Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 17
Section 19
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Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 18Section 20
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Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 19Section 21
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Noosa Council
Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd
Report J386
6 December 2016 Page 20Section 22
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6 December 2016 Page 21Section 23
Survey Areas Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 22
Section 24
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Images a Noosa Council Greenwaste Survey Rolfe Perry & Associates Pty Ltd Report J386 6 December 2016 Page 27
Section 29
Image 1 — Free liquid in particularly odorous greenwaste bin
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Image 3 — Collected greenwaste dominated by dry vegetation
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