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Page 2
ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
Lot 27 on RP89506
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill
A Report Prepared for
David and Carol Neate
NOVEMBER 2016
NEW SOUTH WALES
105 Tamar Street (PO Box 105) Ballina NSW 2478 ● p 02 6686 3858 ● f 02 6681 1659 ● e [email protected]
QUEENSLAND
Suite B, Building 11 Garden City Office Park, 2404 Logan Road, Eight Mile Plains QLD 4113
p 07 3219 9436 ● f 07 3423 2076 ● e [email protected]
www.jwaec.com.au
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document
Title Ecological Assessment
Job Number Q12038
SERVER\data\2012 CLIENTS\Q12038_Attunga Heights, Noosa\Reports
File Reference
2016
Version and Date RW1 02.11.16
Client David and Carol Neate
Revision History (office use only)
Draft/ Date Distributed No. Delivery
Issue Version Media
Final Sent To Copies Method
1 RW1 DRAFT 02.11.16 IPS 1 Word Email
2
3
4
5
Client Issue
Author Approved by
Version Date
Name Initials Name Initials
RW1 02.11.16 Phoebe Chapman PC Adam McArthur AM
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 2
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 5
1.1 Background ................................................................................... 5
1.2 The Subject Site ............................................................................. 5
1.3 Planning Context ............................................................................ 5
1.4 The Proposed Development ................................................................ 6
2 Desktop Assessment .............................................................................. 7
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................. 7
2.2 Methods ....................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Literature Review ....................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Database Searches ...................................................................... 7
2.2.3 DEHP Environmental Mapping ......................................................... 8
2.3 Results........................................................................................ 10
2.3.1 Previous Surveys ........................................................................ 10
2.3.2 Database Searches ..................................................................... 11
2.3.3 DEHP Environmental Mapping ........................................................ 14
3 Site Assessment .................................................................................. 15
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................. 15
3.2 Methods ...................................................................................... 15
3.2.1 Background .............................................................................. 15
3.2.2 Site Vegetation Surveys ............................................................... 15
3.2.3 Site Fauna Survey ...................................................................... 16
3.2.4 Habitat Suitability Assessment ....................................................... 19
3.3 Results........................................................................................ 20
3.3.1 Site Vegetation Survey ................................................................ 20
3.3.2 Habitat Suitability Assessment for Threatened Flora Species ................... 21
3.3.3 Site Fauna Survey ...................................................................... 22
3.3.4 Habitat Suitability Assessment for Threatened Fauna Species .................. 25
4 Corridors and Connectivity .................................................................... 26
4.1 Background .................................................................................. 26
4.2 Recognition of Corridor Values On or Near the Subject Site ........................ 26
4.3 Site Assessment ............................................................................. 26
5 Impacts and Amelioration ...................................................................... 29
5.1 Introduction ................................................................................. 29
5.2 Potential Impacts of the Proposed Development ..................................... 29
5.2.1 Habitat Loss/Vegetation Clearing ................................................... 29
5.2.2 Threatened Flora ....................................................................... 30
5.2.3 Threatened Fauna ...................................................................... 30
5.2.4 Waterways and Wetlands ............................................................. 30
5.2.5 Corridor Values ......................................................................... 31
5.3 Amelioration Strategies ................................................................... 31
5.3.1 Habitat Loss/Vegetation Clearing ................................................... 31
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 3
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
5.3.2 Threatened Flora ....................................................................... 31
5.3.3 Threatened Fauna ...................................................................... 32
5.3.4 Waterways and Wetlands ............................................................. 32
5.3.5 Corridor Values ......................................................................... 32
6 Consideration of Statutory Requirements ................................................... 33
6.1 Introduction ................................................................................. 33
6.2 Commonwealth EPBC Act (1999) ......................................................... 33
6.2.1 Background .............................................................................. 33
6.2.2 Declared World Heritage Areas On or Near the Site .............................. 34
6.2.3 Declared Ramsar Wetlands On or Near the Site ................................... 34
6.2.4 Commonwealth Listed Threatened Flora and Fauna Species .................... 35
6.2.5 Listed Ecological Communities ....................................................... 36
6.2.6 Listed Migratory Species On or Near the Site ...................................... 36
6.2.7 Requirement for Commonwealth Referral ......................................... 37
6.3 Queensland Nature Conservation Act (1992) and Nature Conservation (Wildlife)
Regulation (2006)................................................................................... 38
6.3.1 Background .............................................................................. 38
6.3.2 Site Assessment ......................................................................... 39
6.4 Queensland Vegetation Management Act (1999) ...................................... 39
6.4.1 Background .............................................................................. 39
6.4.2 Assessable Vegetation on the Subject Site ......................................... 40
6.5 South East Queensland Koala Conservation State Planning Regulatory Provisions
(2010) ................................................................................................ 42
6.5.1 Background .............................................................................. 42
6.5.2 Applicability to the Subject Site ..................................................... 42
6.6 State Planning Policy 2/10: Koala Conservation in South East Queensland ....... 42
6.6.1 Background .............................................................................. 42
6.6.2 Applicability to the Subject Site ..................................................... 43
6.7 The Queensland Coastal Plan (2012) .................................................... 43
6.7.1 Background .............................................................................. 43
6.7.2 Site Assessment ......................................................................... 43
6.8 The Noosa Plan 2006 ....................................................................... 43
6.8.1 Background .............................................................................. 43
6.8.2 Zoning .................................................................................... 44
6.8.3 Biodiversity Overlay Code ............................................................. 44
6.8.4 Schedule 7 – Koala Habitat Areas .................................................... 44
7 Summary and Conclusions ...................................................................... 45
8 References........................................................................................ 46
Appendix 1 – Flora List ............................................................................... 51
Appendix 1 - Habitat Suitability Assessments ..................................................... 54
Appendix 3 – State Development Assessment Provisions (SDAP) Module 8: Clearing native
vegetation .............................................................................................. 72
Appendix 2 - The Noosa Plan 2006 - Biodiversity Overlay Code Assessment ................. 81
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 4
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
JWA Pty Ltd have been engaged by David and Carol Neate to complete an Ecological
Assessment for land at 27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill, Sunshine Coast.
The assessment has involved the following:
determining the suite of Commonwealth and State listed threatened and
regionally or locally significant flora and fauna species that occur in the locality
from literature and database records;
ground truthing vegetation communities and determining their conservation status
in accordance with the Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines
(DNRM) Regional Ecosystem Framework (Vegetation Management Act [VMA,
1999]);
assessing the likelihood of occurrence of threatened flora and fauna species on
the subject site;
searching for and recording threatened and regionally or locally significant flora
and fauna species;
assessing habitat provided by the site in the context of the surrounding area;
assessing the corridor values of the site at a local and regional scale;
assessing the potential impacts of the proposed development and determining
appropriate mitigation measures;
addressing statutory requirements regarding impacts to flora and fauna; and
addressing relevant development assessment codes and policies.
1.2 The Subject Site
The site is located at 27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill, and is formally described as Lot 27
on RP89506 (FIGURE 1). The site is approximately 1.805 ha in area. An aerial photograph
of the site is shown in FIGURE 2.
Adjacent to the eastern boundary is Viridian Noosa Resort and Apartments. To the west is
existing residential and resort development on Edgar Bennett Avenue and Picture Point
Crescent. A small creek is present on the eastern boundary at the base of a steep
Quaternary dune, which dominates the majority of the site. Exotic weed species
dominate the vegetation understorey and several areas of unvegetated, eroding sand are
quite visible, indicating a considerable level of degradation on the site.
1.3 Planning Context
The subject site is located within the Sunshine Coast Regional Council Local Government
Area (LGA). The site is subject to The Noosa Plan (2006). On the Noosa Plan (2006) zoning
map, the site contains areas mapped as Open Space Conservation, Attached Housing and
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 5
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SUBJECT SITE
N
0 500m
SOURCE: Brisbane UBD Map 9 CLIENT TITLE
David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 1
SCALE: 1 : 20 000 @ A4
PROJECT
Ecological Assessment
LOCALITY
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
PLAN
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_Locality.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
Page 8
ay
a W
Alm
Attunga Heights
Edgar LEGEND
Bennett Avenue
Subject Site
SOURCE: Google Earth May 2016 Aerial CLIENT TITLE
0 25m
David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 2
PROJECT AERIAL
N
SCALE: 1 : 1000 @ A3 Ecological Assessment
1 : 1 000
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
PHOTOGRAPH
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_Aerial.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
Page 9
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights Semi-attached Housing (FIGURE 3). The Biodiversity Overlay map indicates that the majority of the site is mapped as Environmental Protection Area. 1.4 The Proposed Development The proposed development is for a residential development of four (4) lots covering a total of 11,528 m2 (FIGURE 4). An area of dedicated open space will be retained along the creek line, providing a wildlife corridor at a minimum width of 20m, and covering 6,510 m2 in total. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 6
Page 10
DR
A
OS
NO
AV E
NNETT
LEGEND
Detached housing
Semi-attached housing
N
Attached housing
Community services
Open space recreation
Open space conservation
0 50m Major water bodies
Subject Site
SOURCE: The Noosa Plan - Noosa Heads CLIENT TITLE
(Zone Map) ZM6 David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 3
SCALE: 1 : 2000 @ A4
PROJECT
Ecological Assessment
NOOSA HEADS
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
ZONE MAP
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_Zoning.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
Page 11
N
25 40 45
15 20 25 30 35
59,000 78,000 60,000 40,000 43,972
50
10
20,000
Proposed Lot 4 Proposed Lot 3 Proposed Lot 2
28,000
28,000
2
1,589 m 1,200 m2 1,232 m2
Dedicated Open Space 60
10 55
6,510 m2 43,982
access
15 EMT
Proposed Lot 1
(Townhouses) 60
2
20 7,507 m
Total Developed Area = 5,665 m2 (31.4%)
25 30
unobstructed wildlife corridor, unobstructed wildlife corridor,
average 50 metres wide minimum 20 m. wide
L EGEND
Key Features
Driveway Footprint
- Driveway Layout and Design to retain existing significant vegetation and minimise cut / fill
Indoor Area Footprint (refer engineering design documentation);
Decks / Covered Outdoor Area
- Building Design to maximise positive solar orientation and access to prevailing breezes;
Swimming Pool
- Building Design to "touch the earth lightly" through sensitive footing design, small
Indicative House Building Envelope individual building footprints and lightweight building materials;
Existing Trees to be retained CLIENT
- Layout Design to retain significant vegetation, with additional planting of endemic species SOURCE: Innovative Planning Solutions - Proposed TITLE
Centreline of Creek Bed to provide privacy between dwellings and increase habitat for fauna;
0 25m Lot Reconfig Plan PL.02 (D) & Env Features Plan David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 4 PROPOSED
Creek Bank PL.04 (D) dated 30.03.16 (Ref: Plans 1 of 4.pdf) PROJECT
- Environmental open space / wildlife corridor provided along creek line, including
Wildlife Corridor along creek line vegetation protection covenant 10 metres from centreline of creek. 1 : 1 000 SCALE: 1 : 1000 @ A3 Ecological Assessment
PREPARED: BW DEVELOPMENT
Lot 27 on RP89506
JWA PTY LTD
Ecological Consultants 27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 04 October 2016 LAYOUT
Noosa Shire Council LGA FILE: Q12038_Layout.cdr
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
2 DESKTOP ASSESSMENT
2.1 Introduction
A desktop assessment was completed to highlight any potential conservation significant
vegetation communities, potential habitat for threatened flora and fauna, or ecologically
sensitive areas on the site. The following section details the methodology utilised to
provide a thorough list of flora and fauna species which are known, or considered likely
or possible occurrences on the site.
2.2 Methods
2.2.1 Literature Review
The following reports were reviewed as part of the desktop assessment:
WBM Oceanics (2001) Fauna assessment for the Bayview (now Viridian) Noosa site;
and
James Warren and Associates (2004) Flora and Fauna Assessment, Attunga Heights
- a report to Victor Feros Town Planning.
2.2.2 Database Searches
2.2.2.1 Background
The following databases were reviewed as part of the desktop assessment:
the Commonwealth Environment Protection Biodiversity and Conservation (EPBC)
Act (1999) Protected Matters Search Tool (PMST) (Dept. Environment 2013); and
the Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP)
Wildlife Online database (DEHP 2014a).
2.2.2.2 EPBC Act PMST
The Commonwealth PMST generates a list of protected matters under the Commonwealth
EPBC Act that may occur in or near the subject area including:
world heritage and national heritage areas;
wetlands of international significance (Ramsar Wetlands);
Commonwealth marine areas;
threatened ecological communities;
threatened species; and
migratory species.
The database incorporates information from a range of sources including government,
research and community organisations. It should be noted that there are limitations on
the accuracy of some matters reported by the PMST. Database records of threatened and
migratory species are based on their current known distribution and do not necessarily
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
correlate to an actual observation. Database records are an indicator of potential
presence only and do not take into account if suitable vegetation, geology, soil, climate
or habitat types are actually present to support the occurrence of a significant species or
community.
The Commonwealth PMST was used to determine the suite of threatened flora and fauna,
migratory species and threatened ecological communities that were likely to be present
within a 5km radius of the subject site.
2.2.2.3 DEHP Wildlife Online
The DEHP Wildlife Online database contains recorded wildlife sightings and listings of
plants, fungi, protists, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, freshwater fish, marine
cartilaginous fish and butterflies in Queensland. The database is based on collated
species lists and wildlife records acquired by the Queensland government through a range
of sources including specimen collections, research and monitoring programs and
community wildlife recording programs.
The DEHP Wildlife Online database was consulted to determine the variety of threatened
flora and fauna species known to occur within a 5km radius of the subject site.
2.2.3 DEHP Environmental Mapping
2.2.3.1 Background
The following DEHP environmental mapping was reviewed as part of the desktop
assessment:
Regulated Vegetation Management Mapping (DNRM 2014);
Regional Ecosystem (RE) and Remnant Mapping (version 8) (DNRM 2014);
Property Map of Assessable Vegetation (PMAVs) (DNRM 2014);
Essential Habitat Mapping (version 4) (DNRM 2014);
Map of Referable Wetlands and Wetland Protection Areas (DEHP 2013);
State Planning Regulatory Provisions (SPRP) and State Planning Provisions (SPP)
Koala Habitat Mapping (DEHP 2012); and
Coastal Hazard Mapping (DEHP 2014b).
DEHP environmental mapping was obtained from the DEHP website using the Lot and Plan
numbers of the subject site.
2.2.3.2 Regulated Vegetation Management Mapping
Regulated vegetation management maps are used to determine the requirements that
apply under the State Development Assessment Provisions (VMA 1999). The vegetation
categories on the map are:
category A (red) - areas subject to compliance notices, offsets and voluntary
declarations;
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
category B (dark blue) - remnant vegetation;
category C (light blue) - high-value regrowth vegetation;
category R (yellow) - regrowth vegetation within 50m of watercourses in priority
reef catchment areas; and
category X (white) - areas not regulated under the Vegetation Management Act
1999.
2.2.3.3 Regional Ecosystems and PMAV Mapping
Regional ecosystems (REs) are vegetation communities that are consistently associated
with a particular combination of geology, land form and soil in a bioregion. Each RE has
been assigned a conservation status which is based on its current extent in a bioregion as
a proportion of its pre-clearing extent. Regional ecosystem maps show the extent and
conservation status of regional ecosystems at a property level. On a regional ecosystem
map, remnant vegetation is shown as either a remnant endangered regional ecosystem, a
remnant of concern regional ecosystem, or a remnant least concern regional ecosystem.
Where regional ecosystem mapping does not exist, the remnant map will identify areas of
remnant and non-remnant vegetation.
The Queensland Herbarium has mapped the extent of RE’s and Essential Habitat across
Queensland, however it should be noted that mapping was completed at a scale of
1:100,000 and as such there are inaccuracies at a property scale. As a result, RE maps
should be considered to indicative only and should not be relied upon as an inherently
correct source of vegetation mapping. Site ground truthing is required to confirm the
presence of RE types and their extent, verify floristics and structure and confirm
conservation status.
A Property Map of Assessable Vegetation (PMAV) is a property scale map that is prepared
to amend the Regulated Vegetation Management Mapping in cases where it does not
accurately reflect the site’s ground truthed vegetation distribution, or in other cases, to
‘lock in’ the current extent of remnant and non-remnant vegetation.
2.2.3.4 Essential Habitat Mapping
Essential Habitat are areas identified by DEHP as essential habitat for a species of wildlife
listed as endangered, vulnerable, near threatened or rare under the Nature Conservation
Act 1992. These areas are shown on RE maps and Essential Habitat maps.
2.2.3.5 Referable Wetlands Mapping
Referable wetlands maps show the location of wetlands as defined under the
Environmental Protection Regulation 2008 and wetland protection areas (WPAs) in the
Great Barrier Reef catchments.
Wetlands on the referrable wetlands maps have been mapped using the Aquatic
Biodiversity Assessment and Mapping Methodology and have been assessed for ecological
significance using the environmental values for wetland in section 81A of the
Environmental Protection Regulation 2008. Wetlands are considered either High
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
Ecological Significance (HES) or of General Ecological Significance (GES) for the purposes
of the environmental values.
WPAs in the Great Barrier Reef catchments consist of two (2) parts: a WPA wetland and a
surrounding assessable development trigger area. WPA wetlands are wetlands in Great
Barrier Reef catchments that have been designated as being of HES. WPA wetlands have a
100m assessable development trigger area in urban zones and 500m assessable
development trigger area in rural zones.
Within WPAs certain types of development or development involving high impact
earthworks (i.e. earthworks that drain, fill or divert water) are made assessable under
Schedule 3 of the Sustainable Planning Regulation 2009. The policy outcome and
assessment criteria for assessing these applications are described in the State Planning
Policy 4/11: Protection Wetlands of High Ecological Significance in Great Barrier Reef
Catchments (SPP for GBR Wetlands).
2.2.3.6 SPRP and SPP Koala Habitat Mapping
SPRP and SPP koala habitat mapping show area within South East Queensland that must
incorporate koala conservation and habitat protection outcomes into planning decisions.
The koala habitat values mapping identifies areas of bushland habitat, areas suitable for
rehabilitation and other areas of value.
2.2.3.7 Coastal Hazard Mapping
Queensland coastal hazard areas maps show areas within the Coastal Management District
that are vulnerable to coastal erosion or storm tide inundation.
2.3 Results
2.3.1 Previous Surveys
Previous fauna surveys conducted by WBM Oceanics (2001) on the Bayview-Noosa
development immediately adjacent to the subject site were reviewed. During surveys
conducted by WBM Oceanics five (5) significant species were recorded in the locality as
shown in TABLE 1. Full species records are presented in APPENDIX 1.
TABLE 1
SIGNIFICANT SPECIES RECORDED DURING PREVIOUS SURVEYS IN THE LOCALITY
Group Scientific Name Common Name Status*
Birds Calyptorhyncus lathami Glossy black cockatoo QV
Mammals Phascolarctos cinereus Koala CV, QV
Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed flying fox CV
Tachyglossus aculeatus Short-beaked echidna QSLC
Reptiles Ramphotyphlops silvia A blind snake QNT
*CV, CE = Commonwealth (Vulnerable or Endangered)
QE, QV, QNT, QSLC = State (Vulnerable, Endangered, Near Threatened or Special Least Concern)
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
2.3.2 Database Searches
2.3.2.1 Threatened Flora Species and Ecological Communities
Database searches using the Commonwealth PMST identified fifteen (15) threatened flora
species that may occur within 5km of the subject site based on the availability of suitable
habitat in the locality. The DEHP Wildlife Online database indicated that seventeen (17)
threatened flora species have been recorded from within 5km of the subject site.
Threatened flora species detected in the database searches are listed in TABLE 22. The
conservation status of each species listed in TABLE 22 is shown in accordance with the
Commonwealth EPBC Act (1999) and Queensland Nature Conservation (Wildlife)
Regulation (NCWR, 2006).
TABLE 2
DATABASE RECORDS OF LISTED THREATENED FLORA SPECIES WITHIN 5KM OF THE SITE
Scientific Name Common Name EPBC# NCWR*
Acacia attenuata Whipstick wattle CV QV
Acacia baueri subsp. baueri Tiny wattle - QV
Acronychia littoralis Scented acronychia (CE) QE
Allocasuarina emuina Emu Mountain she-oak CE QE
Archidendron lovelliae Bacon wood CV (QV)
Arthraxon hispidus Hairy-joint grass CV QV
Baloghia marmorata Marbled balogia CV (QV)
Blandfordia grandiflora Christmas bells - QE
Bulbophyllum globuliforme Miniature moss-orchid (V) QNT
Boronia keysii Key’s boronia (CV) QV
Bosistoa transversa Three-leaved bosistoa CV -
Carex breviscapa - - QV
Cryptocarya foetida Stinking cryptocarya CV QV
Cryptostylis hunteriana Leafless tongue-orchid CV -
Eucalyptus conglomerata Swamp stringybark CE (QE)
Glycine argyrea Silver glycine - QNT
Habenaria harroldii - - QE
Lobelia membranacea - - QNT
Macadamia integrifolia Macadamia nut CV (QV)
Macadamia ternifolia Small-fruited Queensland nut CV (QV)
Macarthuria complanata - - QNT
Pararistolochia praevenosa Richmond birdwing butterfly vine - QNT
Phaius australis Lesser swamp-orchid CE (QE)
Phebalium distans Mt Berryman phebalium CCE (QE)
Prasophyllum wallum Wallum leek-orchid CV (QV)
Symplocos harroldii Hairy hazelwood - QNT
Triunia robusta Glossy spice bush CE (QE)
Xanthostemon oppositifolius Southern penda (CV) QV
# CCE - Critically Endangered, CE – Endangered & CV - Vulnerable as listed within schedules of the
Commonwealth EPBC Act (1999);
* QE - Endangered, QV - Vulnerable & QNT – Near Threatened as listed within schedules of the Queensland
NCWR (2006);
() listed but not found in site database search.
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
Database searches using the Commonwealth PMST also revealed that two (2) threatened
Ecological Communities are known to occur within 5km of the subject site:
Lowland Rainforest of Subtropical Australia – critically endangered
Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh - vulnerable.
2.3.2.2 Threatened Fauna Species and Migratory Species
Database searches using the Commonwealth PMST identified twenty-four (24) threatened
fauna species that may occur within 5km of the subject site based on the availability of
suitable habitats. The DEHP Wildlife Online database indicated that twenty-one (21)
threatened fauna species have been recorded from within 5km of the subject site.
Threatened fauna species detected in the database searches are listed in TABLE 3. The
conservation status of each species listed in TABLE 3 is shown in accordance with the
Commonwealth EPBC Act (1999) and the Queensland NCWR (2006). Marine species that
will clearly not occur on the site (e.g. albatross, whales, sea turtles) have been omitted.
Database searches using the Commonwealth PMST also revealed that twenty-eight (28)
migratory species may occur within 5km of the site based on the availability of suitable
habitat. Migratory species identified in database searches are listed in TABLE 4.
TABLE 3
DATABASE RECORDS OF LISTED THREATENED FAUNA SPECIES WITHIN 5KM OF THE SITE
Scientific Name Common Name EPBC# NCWR*
Anthochaera phrygia Regent honeyeater CCE (QE)
Botaurus poiciloptilus Australasian bittern CE -
Calidris canutus Red knot (E) -
Calidris ferruginea Curlew sandpiper CCE -
Calidris tenuirostris Great knot (CCE) -
Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami Glossy black-cockatoo (eastern) - QV
Chalinolobus dwyeri Large-eared pied Bat CV (QV)
Charadrius leschenaultii Greater sand plover CV -
Charadrius mongolus Lesser sand plover CE -
Crinia tinnula Wallum froglet - QV
Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni Coxen's fig-parrot CE (QE)
Dasyurus hallucatus Northern quoll CE -
Dasyurus maculatus maculatus
Spot-tailed quoll CE (QV)
(SE mainland population)
Delma torquata Collared delma CV (QV)
Erythrotriorchis radiatus Red goshawk CV QE
Esacus magnirostris Beach stone-curlew - QV
White bellied storm-petrel
Fregetta grallaria grallaria CV -
(Australasian)
Lathamus discolor Swift parrot CCE (QE)
Litoria freycineti Wallum rocketfrog - QV
Litoria olongburensis Wallum sedge frog CV QV
Nannoperca oxleyana Oxleyan pygmy perch (CE) QV
Numenius madagascariensis Eastern curlew CCE QV
Petauroides volans Greater glider CV -
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
Scientific Name Common Name EPBC# NCWR*
Pezoporus wallicus wallicus Ground parrot - QV
Phascolarctos cinereus Koala CV QV
Phyllodes imperialis smithersi Pink underwing moth CE -
Poephila cincta cincta Southern black-throated finch CE QE
Pseudomugil mellis Honey blue eye (CV) QV
Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed flying-fox CV -
Rostratula australis Australian painted snipe CE QV
Saiphos reticulatus Three-toed snake-tooth skink CV -
Turnix melanogaster Black-breasted button-quail CV QV
Xeromys myoides Water mouse CV QV
# CCE - Critically Endangered, CE – Endangered & CV - Vulnerable as listed within schedules of the
Commonwealth EPBC Act (1999);
* QE - Endangered, QV - Vulnerable & QNT – Near Threatened as listed within schedules of the Queensland
NCWR (2006);
() listed but not found in site database search.
TABLE 4
DATABASE RECORDS OF COMMONWEALTH LISTED MIGRATORY SPECIES
WITHIN 5KM OF THE SITE
Scientific Name Common Name Status#
Apus pacificus Fork-tailed swift M
Cuculus optatus Oriental cuckoo M
Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated needletail M
Monarcha melanopsis Black-faced monarch M
Monarcha trivirgatus Spectacled monarch M
Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin flycatcher M
Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous fantail M
Actitis hypoleucos Common sandpiper M
Arenaria interpres Ruddy turnstone M
Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed sandpiper M
Calidris ferruginea Curlew sandpiper CCE, M
Calidris ruficollis Red-necked stint M
Charadrius bicinctus Double-banded plover M
Charadrius leschenaultii Greater Sand plover CV, M
Charadrius mongolus Lesser Sand plover CE, M
Gallinago hardwickii Latham's snipe M
Gallinago megala Swinhoe's snipe M
Gallinago stenura Pin-tailed snipe M
Heteroscelus brevipes Grey-tailed tattler M
Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed godwit M
Numenius madagascariensis Eastern curlew CCE, M
Numenius minutus Little curlew M
Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel M
Pandion haliaetus Osprey M
Pluvialis fulva Pacific golden plover M
Pluvialis squatarola Grey plover M
Tringa nebularia Common greenshank, Greenshank M
Xenus cinereus Terek sandpiper M
# CCE - Critically Endangered, CE - Endangered, CV - Vulnerable & M – Migratory as listed within
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 13
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
Scientific Name Common Name Status#
schedules of the Commonwealth EPBCA (1999)
2.3.3 DEHP Environmental Mapping
2.3.3.1 Regulated Vegetation Management and RE Mapping
The current regulated vegetation management map of the subject site includes both
Category B (remnant vegetation) and Category X (vegetation not regulated under the
VMA) areas. Category B areas cover the majority of the subject site (1.63 ha). The
Regional Ecosystem (RE) mapping identifies the Category B regulated vegetation as the
following REs (FIGURE 5):
RE 12.2.1 (Of Concern) - Notophyll vine forest on parabolic high dunes; and
RE 12.2.5 (Least Concern) - Corymbia intermedia, Lophostemon confertus,
Banksia spp., Callitris columellaris open forest to low closed forest on beach
ridges.
Additionally, a small area (0.17 ha) of Category X vegetation (non-remnant) occurs in the
southern portion of the subject site. Other features include a watercourse present along
the eastern boundary.
2.3.3.2 Essential Habitat Mapping
Essential Habitat for wallum rocket frog (Litoria freycineti) and the wallum froglet
(Crinia tinnula) is mapped on-site concurrent with Of Concern RE 12.2.5 (FIGURE 5).
2.3.3.3 Referable Wetlands Mapping
Referable Wetlands mapping shows no Referable Wetlands or Wetland Protection Areas
on or near the subject site.
2.3.3.4 SPRP and SPP Koala Habitat Mapping
The site is outside the SPRP mapping area. SPP mapping shows the area as generally not
suitable habitat for koalas (FIGURE 6).
2.3.3.5 Coastal Hazard Mapping
The site is outside the Coastal Management District. The subject site is not included in
the Indicative Erosion Prone Area or the Storm Tide Inundation Area.
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 14
Page 20
LEGEND
Category B area containing of concern regional ecosystems
Non-remnant (category X)
N
Essential habitat on the essential habitat map
Watercourse on the vegetation management watercourse
and drainage feature map
Roads
0 50m Property boundaries
Subject Site
SOURCE: QLD DNRM Regulated Vegetation CLIENT TITLE
Management Map (map dated 28.09.16) David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 5
SCALE: 1 : 2000 @ A4
PROJECT
Ecological Assessment
REGIONAL
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
ECOSYSTEMS
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_RE Map.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
Page 21
LEGEND
Low value bushland
Low value rehabilitation N
Low value other
Generally not suitable
Subject Site
0 50m
SOURCE: QLD DEHP Koala Habitat in CLIENT TITLE
Southeast QLD (map dated 28.09.16) David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 6
SCALE: 1 : 2000 @ A4
PROJECT
Ecological Assessment
KOALA
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
HABITAT
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_Koala SPP.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
Page 22
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 3 SITE ASSESSMENT 3.1 Introduction This section discusses the methods used in the site assessment and presents the results of the assessment. 3.2 Methods 3.2.1 Background To provide a description of the vegetative characteristics of the subject site, site assessments were completed and previous reports from the site or surrounding locality were reviewed. 3.2.2 Site Vegetation Surveys 3.2.2.1 Introduction A site inspection and survey of existing flora communities within the subject site was undertaken by two (2) JWA scientists on the 13th November 2003. A total of approximately six (6) person hours were spent on this component of the survey. A site assessment was carried out by one (1) scientist during late November 2012 and again on the 29th May 2013, to verify the existing mapping in relation to regional systems. The flora surveys employed an assessment of floral taxa and vegetation communities in keeping with the methodology employed by the Queensland Herbarium for the survey of Regional Ecosystems and vegetation communities (Neldner et al. 2005). Preliminary identification of the vegetation communities was conducted prior to the commencement of fieldwork via interpretation of current RE mapping (Version 8) and aerial photographs. Field surveys involved a botanical assessment at a number of representative sites within remnant and non-remnant vegetation communities. The surveys utilised a number of standard methods including random meander searches. 3.2.2.2 Random Meander Searches The random meander technique (Cropper 1993) was used to identify changes in landform, identify vegetation community boundaries and to complete targeted searches for threatened flora species. The floral characteristics of each vegetation community that was evident from detailed aerial photographs were examined by ‘on foot’ inspections. Vegetation communities were mapped and described using the technique contained in Walker and Hopkins (1998). Vegetation structural formation classes were assessed according to Neldner et al. (2005). RE classification of vegetation communities were determined as per Sattler and Williams (1999), and in accordance with the Regional Ecosystems Description Database (REDD) (Queensland Herbarium 2014). Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 15
Page 23
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 3.2.2.3 Weeds Weeds were assessed for significance under the Queensland Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 (LP Act) and the Commonwealth Weed of National Significance (WoNS). The Queensland LP Act lists exotic flora and fauna that are considered Class 1, 2 or 3 pests under the Act. The different classes require different pest management strategies and landholder requirements to control pests on their land. Landowners are required to manage Class 1 and 2 Declared weed on their land (DAFF 2011). Thirty-two (32) Weed of National Significance (WoNS) have been identified by Australian governments based on their invasiveness, potential for spread and environmental, social and economic impacts. A list of twenty (20) WoNS endorsed in 1999 and a further twelve (12) were added in 2012. Individual landowners and managers are responsible for managing WoNS on their land. 3.2.2.4 Specimen Identification For those species not identified in the field, samples were pressed and dried and positive identifications of plant specimens were subsequently made under laboratory conditions or forwarded to the Queensland Herbarium for identification. Where available, fruiting and/or flowering specimens were taken to assist with identification. All identifications were made by qualified botanists with experience identifying flora taxa of Queensland vegetation communities. 3.2.2.5 Nomenclature Taxonomic nomenclature used for the description of floral species is according to Henderson (2002). Introduced species are signified in all text by an asterix (*). Any additional changes in taxonomic nomenclature have been incorporated as described in Jessup (2002, 2003 and 2005). Field references utilised for the identification and description of floral species include: Stanley and Ross (1989); Harden et al. (2006); Brooker and Kleinig (1994a and 1994b); Leiper et al. (2008); Haslam (2004); Queensland Museum (2003). 3.2.3 Site Fauna Survey 3.2.3.1 Introduction A brief fauna survey was carried out in conjunction with the flora survey by two (2) JWA scientists between the 10th and 15th November 2003. The fauna survey was completed in accordance with the methodology set out in the Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna Survey Guidelines for Queensland (Eyre et al. 2012) and the Threatened Species Survey and Assessment Guidelines (NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change 2009). Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 16
Page 24
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights Fauna species were detected using a combination of trapping techniques, opportunistic sightings and active searches during daylight and at night. FIGURE 7 shows the location of traps on the subject site. All traps were routinely checked as soon as practicably possible after first light to minimise the capture stress to any trapped animals and to prevent captured animals from overheating during warm daylight hours. Captured animals were handled for a minimum amount of time to reduce stress associated with handling. Care was taken to ensure that captured animals were released into areas where they could find immediate and safe shelter and predators could not intercept them. Techniques utilised during the fauna survey are described below. 3.2.3.2 Opportunistic Sightings The random meander technique (Cropper 1993) was used to traverse the site. All incidental records of fauna utilising the study area were recorded. Discoveries of scratch marks on trees, scats, footprints, diggings, bones and other animal traces were noted. 3.2.3.3 Active Searching Any logs, sheets of tin, cardboard, bark and leaves were overturned in search of reptiles and amphibians while traversing the site. Searches were undertaken for diggings, scats, and bones. Eucalypt trees were inspected for signs of koala activity such as scratch marks and scats. Active observation of bird and amphibian activity, both aurally and visually, was undertaken during the site visit. 3.2.3.4 Diurnal and Nocturnal Herpetofauna Searches Herpetofauna was surveyed by two (2) scientists between the 10th November 2003 and the 15th November 2003. Survey methodology included physical searches in all habitats by two scientists for a total of approximately four (4) person hours. Methodology was designed to target significant species as listed under the EPBC Act and NCWR (e.g. Litoria cooloolensis, L. freycineti, L. brevipalmata, Crinia tinnula, Coeranoscincus reticulatus, Ophioscincus truncatus). 3.2.3.5 Diurnal Bird Survey This methodology was designed to target species such as Grey Goshawk, Black-chinned Honeyeater, Ground Parrot, and Latham’s Snipe. Two (2) 30 minute diurnal bird censuses were undertaken during each day of the trapping period. One count was undertaken in the early morning (between dawn and two hours after dawn) and one count in the late morning (two to four hours after dawn) for a total of four (4) hours of survey. Due to the suitable visual access across the site, bird sightings were recorded during standard bird surveys and opportunistically. Searches were also undertaken for a total of one (1) person hour for chewed Allocasuarina cones (a sign of Glossy Black Cockatoo presence) on the site. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 17
Page 25
ay
a W
Alm
Attunga Heights
Edgar LEGEND
Bennett Avenue
Elliott trap line
Hair tube trap
Cage trap
Pitfall trap
Call playback site
Subject Site
SOURCE: JWA Site Investigations 2003; CLIENT TITLE
0 25m Google Earth May 2016 Aerial David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 7 FAUNA
PROJECT
SURVEY
N
SCALE: 1 : 1000 @ A3 Ecological Assessment
1 : 1 000 PREPARED: BW
Lot 27 on RP89506
JWA PTY LTD
Ecological Consultants 27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016 SITES
Noosa Shire Council LGA FILE: Q12038_Survey.cdr
Page 26
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 3.2.3.6 Nocturnal Bird and Mammal Playback This methodology was employed to target the Powerful Owl and Koala. Nocturnal playback sessions were conducted on three separate nights. On commencement of each playback session a 10-minute listening period was undertaken, followed by the broadcast of pre-recorded calls. The call was played for three minutes, followed by a two-minute listening period. After the calls had been played, each observer scanned the immediate area by spotlight for ten (10) minutes. The location where playback was broadcast from is shown in FIGURE 7. 3.2.3.7 Spotlighting This methodology was employed to target nocturnal fauna including reptiles, birds, amphibians and terrestrial and arboreal mammals. Spotlighting involved two or three observers traversing the entire site on foot with 50W spotlights on three separate nights, for a total of nine and a half (9.5) person hours during the survey period. 3.2.3.8 Elliott Trapping This methodology was employed to target small and medium terrestrial mammals. Type A Elliott traps were set at approximately 10 m apart. Traps were baited with peanut butter, rolled oats, honey and pistachio essence and set in place for four nights. Traps were cleared early each morning, and trapped animals were identified and released at the point of capture. In total, twenty-five (25) traps were set, providing 100 trap nights across the study site. Elliott traplines are shown in FIGURE 7. 3.2.3.9 Faecal Pellet (Scat) Searches This methodology was designed to target medium and large terrestrial mammals. Predator and non-predator scat searches were undertaken during all visits to systematic sites. Scat searches were typically undertaken whilst traversing Elliott sampling transects, for a survey effort of approximately two hours per systematic survey site per survey period. 3.2.3.10 Pitfall Trapping Pitfall trapping was employed to target small mammals, amphibians and reptiles, and in particular, Wallum Froglets, Wallum Sedgefrogs, Cooloola Sedgefrogs and Ophioscincus truncatus. Pitfall trap-lines were set at three sites incorporating open dry and wet forest land. Trap lines consisted of five (5) holes at two (2) sites and four (4) holes at the third site. They were approximately 50 cm deep, and were lined with plastic sheeting, set five (5) metres apart and connected by an appropriate drift fence. Pitfall lines were left open for four nights and checked each morning for captures which were identified and released. In total sixty (60) pitfall trap nights were achieved over the survey period. Pitfall traplines are shown in FIGURE 7. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 18
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
3.2.3.11 Cage Trapping
Six (6) wire cage traps (30 x 30 x 90cm) were set in each habitat type for a period of four
(4) nights. The traps were set with a combination of vegetarian and carnivorous baits.
Traps were cleared early each morning, and trapped animals were identified, sexed and
released at the point of capture. A total of twenty-four (24) cage trap nights was
achieved. Cage trap locations are shown in FIGURE 7.
3.2.4 Habitat Suitability Assessment
The suitability of the habitats on the site for listed threatened flora and fauna species
and migratory species identified in database searches was assessed to determine which of
those species could potentially occur on the site. Assessments were based on the
following:
desktop research of scientific journal articles and botanical literature;
consultations with specialist academic staff; and
targeted field surveys within the subject site and surrounds.
The impacts associated with current landuses, vegetation clearing, land and waterway
erosion/degradation, weed and feral invasion and previous fire regimes were all
considered when completing habitat suitability assessments. Furthermore, the
assessment determined whether it was likely for habitat features that typically support
threatened species to be present on the subject site. Particular attention was paid to
habitat features such as:
the presence of mature trees with hollows, fissures and/or other suitable
roosting/nesting places;
the presence of koala food trees;
the presence of preferred glossy black cockatoo feed trees (forest oak and/or
black she-oak);
the presence of characteristic signs of foraging (e.g. chewed cones or glider
feeding scars);
condition, flow and water quality of drainage lines and bodies of water;
areas of dense vegetation;
presence of hollow logs/debris and areas of dense leaf litter;
presence of fruiting flora species;
presence of blossoming flora species, particularly winter-flowering species;
vegetation connectivity and proximity to neighbouring areas of intact vegetation;
and
presence of caves and man-made structures suitable as microchiropteran bat roost
sites.
Potential occurrences of threatened flora and fauna species and migratory species are
discussed as unlikely, possible or likely to occur in habitats on the site. Possible
occurrences are species which may occur sporadically or are provided with small areas of
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 19
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights potentially suitable habitat. Likely occurrences are provided with habitat of high quality on the subject site. 3.3 Results 3.3.1 Site Vegetation Survey 3.3.1.1 Introduction The site assessment carried out by James Warren & Associates in November 2003 (refer to James Warren & Associates, 2004) revealed that one hundred and eighteen (118) plant species occur on the subject site. A full flora species list is provided in APPENDIX 1. No significant flora species as listed in the Queensland Nature Conservation Wildlife Regulation (NCWR) 2006 or EPBC Act (1999) were recorded during the 2003/2004 site assessments. An extremely high proportion of weeds were recorded in both vegetation communities present on the subject site. The high level of weed species recorded would be attributable to the fact that residential developments and major road networks border the site. The majority of the weed species recorded are regarded as environmental weeds that originated as ornamental garden plants. The disturbance that is evident on the site and the influence of external factors (e.g. dumping of garden refuse) would have contributed to the relatively high weed species diversity. Weed species recorded on the site are presented as part of the flora species list in APPENDIX 1. 3.3.1.2 Vegetation Community Descriptions 3.3.1.2.1 Background Two (2) broad vegetation communities were identified on the subject site. This section provides a description of each of these vegetation communities and a discussion of the condition and conservation status of each. The conservation status of vegetation communities is discussed with reference to the Regional Ecosystem Description Database (Queensland Herbarium 2014) and the Queensland VMA (1999) where appropriate. 3.3.1.2.2 Community 1: Tall Open Dry Forest (Coastal Cypress Pine/Hoop Pine/She-oak) Location and Area This community is located along the western and southern margins of the subject site (FIGURE 8). Description This is a highly disturbed and weed infested community consisting of predominantly Callitris columellaris, Araucaria cunninghamii, Ficus rubiginosa, Acronychia imperforata, Allocasuarina littoralis with Alyxia ruscifolia, Syzygium oleosum, Lomandra filiformis, also present. Dominant weed species include Protasparagus aethiopicus, Bryophyllum delagoense Schleffera actinophylla, Lantana montevidensis and Commelina benghalensis. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 20
Page 29
ay
a W
Alm
Attunga Heights
Edgar LEGEND
Bennett Avenue
Community 1: Tall Open Dry Forest (Coastal Cypress
Pine/Hoop Pine/She-oak) - Remnant
Community 1: Tall Open Dry Forest (Coastal Cypress
Pine/Hoop Pine/She-oak) - Regrowth
Community 2: Tall Open Wet Forest (Blue Quandong/
Cheese Tree/Guava) - Remnant
Community 2: Tall Open Wet Forest (Blue Quandong/
Cheese Tree/Guava) - Regrowth
Subject Site
SOURCE: JWA Site Investigations 2013; CLIENT TITLE
0 25m Google Earth May 2016 Aerial David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 8
PROJECT VEGETATION
N
SCALE: 1 : 1000 @ A3 Ecological Assessment
1 : 1 000
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
COMMUNITIES
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_PMAV Veg.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
Page 30
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights Trees, shrubs/small trees and ground within this community were to 20m, 3m and 0.5m respectively. Condition This is a highly disturbed and weed infested community. No significant species were recorded in this community. Conservation Status Analogous in terms of species composition to RE 12.2.5, which has a conservation status of Least Concern under the VMA (1999). Parts of this community do not meet remnant criteria in terms of height and canopy cover, and have been categorised as regrowth (FIGURE 8). The remainder is considered to represent remnant vegetation. 3.3.1.2.3 Community 2: Tall Open Wet Forest (Blue Quandong/Cheese Tree/Guava) Location and Area This community is located in the eastern portion of the site, immediately adjacent to the creek line that runs along the site’s eastern margin (FIGURE 8). Description This community consists of predominantly Elaeocarpus grandis, Glochidion ferdinandi, Psidium guajava, Macaranga tanarius, and Freycinetia scandens with Neolitsea dealbata, Guoia semiglauca, Beilschmiedia obtusifolia, Rhodomyrtus psidioides, Ludwigia octovalvis and Alphitonia excelsa also present. Trees, shrubs/small trees and ground within this community were to 20m, 10m and 1m respectively. Condition No significant species were recorded in this community. This area is in poor condition due to the weed infestations. Conservation Status Analogous in terms of species composition to RE 12.2.1 which has a conservation status of Of Concern under the VMA (1999). Parts of this community do not meet remnant criteria in terms of height and canopy cover, and have been categorised as regrowth (FIGURE 8). The remainder is considered to represent remnant vegetation. 3.3.2 Habitat Suitability Assessment for Threatened Flora Species Habitat suitability assessments of the fifteen (15) threatened flora species that are known or possible occurrences in the locality (TABLE 1) determined that four (4) of these had reasonable potential to be present within the subject site. These species are: Habenaria harroldii; Miniature moss-orchid (Bulbophyllum globuliforme); Stinking laurel (Cryptocarya foetida); and Glossy spice bush (Triunia robusta). Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 21
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
APPENDIX 2 lists the threatened flora species that are known or considered to possibly
occur in the locality and notes the likelihood of occurrence of each species within the
subject area.
3.3.3 Site Fauna Survey
3.3.3.1 Introduction
This section provides details of the fauna species and associated habitats recorded on the
site during the fauna survey carried out by James Warren & Associates in November 2003
(refer to James Warren & Associates, 2004).
3.3.3.2 Amphibians
A total of five (5) species of amphibians were recorded during the survey period (TABLE
5). One species, the Cane toad, is introduced and is very abundant across the site. Native
species found are listed as ‘common’ under the Commonwealth EPBC Act 1999 and the
NCWR 2006.
TABLE 5
AMPHIBIAN SPECIES RECORDED AT THE STUDY SITE
Scientific Name Common Name
Rhinella marina* Cane toad
Limnodynastes terraereginae Scarlet sided pobblebonk
Limnodynastes peronii Striped marshfrog
Litoria fallax Eastern sedgefrog
Litoria peronii Emerald spotted treefrog
*Introduced species
No threatened amphibian species were recorded.
The quality of habitat for amphibians is generally influenced by the hydrological
characteristics of water bodies, riparian vegetation, water quality and climate (Lemckert
and Penman 2012). The subject site contains a range of suitable habitat for frogs,
including a vegetated drainage line.
3.3.3.3 Reptiles
A total of eight (8) species of reptile were recorded during the survey period (TABLE 6).
All species are listed as ‘common’ under the under the NCWR 2006 and the EPBC Act
1999.
TABLE 6
REPTILE SPECIES RECORDED AT THE STUDY SITE
Scientific Name Common Name
Calyptotis lepidorostrum Cone eared calyptotis
Cryptoblepharus virgatus Wall skink
Hemidactylus frenatus Asian house gecko
Lampropholis amicula Friendly sunskink
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
Scientific Name Common Name
Lampropholis delicata Dark-flecked garden sunskink
Morelia spilota Carpet python
Ophioscincus truncatus Short-limbed snake skink
Physignathus lesueurii Eastern water dragon
The quality of habitat for reptiles is strongly determined by the structural characteristics
of vegetation (e.g. complexity of vegetation density and vertical strata) and ground cover
(e.g. woody debris and rocky outcrops) which influence micro-climate, solar irradiance
and the availability of suitable basking and shelter sites (Garden et al. 2007). The
majority of leaf litter and ground cover occurs in the lower slopes of the creek line, and
therefore the greatest diversity of reptiles can be expected in this area.
3.3.3.4 Birds
A total of fifteen (15) species were recorded during the survey period (TABLE 7). All
species are listed as ‘common’ under the under the NCWR 2006 and the EPBC Act 1999.
TABLE 7
BIRD SPECIES RECORDED AT THE STUDY SITE DURING THE SURVEY PERIOD
Scientific Name Common Name
Aegotheles cristatus Owlet nightjar
Alectura lathami Australian brush-turkey
Cracticus torquatus Grey butcherbird
Dicrurus bracteatus Spangled drongo
Eurystomus orientalis Dollarbird
Eudynamys scolopacea Common koel
Manorina melanocephala Noisy miner
Meliphaga Lewinii Lewin's honeyeater
Oriolus sagittatus Olive-backed oriole
Pachycephala pectoralis Golden whistler
Podargus strigoides Tawny frogmouth
Sericornis frontalis White-browed scrubwren
Sphecotheres viridis Figbird
Strepera graculina Pied currawong
Zosterops lateralis Silvereye
Searches beneath Allocasuarina species present on the site did not reveal the presence of
any chewed cones, which are indicative of Glossy black cockatoo presence.
No threatened bird species were recorded.
The significance of near coastal environments of the New South Wales Far North Coast
and South East Queensland as over-wintering habitat for migratory birds has been
established by many observers and bird banders, including Keast (1968), Robertson
(1973), Gravatt (1974), Porter (1982) and Robertson and Woodall (1983). These patterns
may be attributable to the relatively high winter temperatures and long growing season
of this region compared with the rest of south-eastern Australia (Fitzpatrick and Nix
Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 23
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
1973; Edwards 1979; Nix 1982; Specht et al 1981). Many insectivorous birds from higher
latitudes and elevation over-winter in the locality. These include species such as the
fantail cuckoo (Cacomantis pyrrhophanus), sacred kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus),
rainbow bee-eater, noisy pitta (Pitta versicolor), tree martin (Hirundo nigricans), black-
faced cuckoo-shrike (Coracina novaehollandiae), cicada bird (C. tenuirostris), golden
whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis), rufous whistler (P. rufiventris), rose robin (Petroica
rosea), grey fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons), white-throated gerygone (Gerygone olivacaea),
silvereye (Zosterops lateralis), olive-backed oriole (Oriolus sagittatus) and spangled
drongo (Dicrurus bracteatus).
Blossom feeding birds such as honeyeaters and lorikeets are nomadic and their
movements depend on the availability of nectar and pollen resources. Seasonal variations
in the flowering times of important nectar bearing plants in the genera Eucalyptus and
Melaleuca provide a continuity of food for nectarivorous birds throughout the year. The
Queensland blue gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis) is an important food source for scaly-
breasted and rainbow lorikeets (Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus and T. haematodus,
respectively) as this species flowers during the lorikeet’s winter breeding period.
No eucalypt trees are present on the site, which may limit feeding resources for
nectivorous species such as honeyeaters and lorikeets, however, a number of fruiting
species are present which may provide resources for frugivorous species such as orioles
and figbirds.
3.3.3.5 Mammals
A total of four (4) species of mammal were recorded during the site survey (TABLE 8). No
introduced species were recorded. One (1) significant species, Grey-headed Flying Fox
(Pteropus poliocephalus) listed as ‘vulnerable’ under Commonwealth Legislation was
recorded during the site survey.
TABLE 8
MAMMAL SPECIES RECORDED IN THE SURVEY AREA
Scientific Name Common Name
Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed Flying-fox
Pseudocheirus peregrinus Common Ringtail Possum
Rattus rattus Black Rat
Trichosaurus vulpecula Brushtail Possum
Assessment of possible Koala habitat revealed an absence of Koala feed tree species (i.e.
no Eucalypt species were recorded on the site). No scratch markings or faecal pellets
indicating the presence of Koalas were recorded on the site.
Small terrestrial mammals generally occur in highest densities in association with a
complex vegetation structure. A dense understorey layer, which provides shelter from
predators and provides nesting opportunities, is particularly important. In general,
medium-large terrestrial mammals such as macropods (kangaroos and wallabies) select
habitats which provide a dense cover for shelter and refuge and open areas for feeding.
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights The larger species tend to occupy drier more open habitats; the smaller species, moister and more densely vegetated habitats. Understory vegetation on the site is likely to provide habitat for disturbance adapted small mammals, such as introduced and native rat species. Arboreal mammals occurring in the region (with the exception of the koala) utilise tree hollows for nesting and shelter. Smith and Lindenmeyer (1988) consider that shortage of nest hollows is likely to limit arboreal mammal populations where density of hollow bearing trees is less than two (2) to eight (8) trees per hectare. The site does not contain hollow bearing trees, therefore arboreal mammals are likely to be restricted to common urbanised species such as the ringtail possum. 3.3.4 Habitat Suitability Assessment for Threatened Fauna Species Habitat suitability assessments of threatened fauna and migratory species that are known to occur or considered possible occurrences in the locality (TABLE 3 and TABLE 4) determined that two (2) threatened and five (5) migratory species have reasonable potential to be present within the subject site. These species are: Grey-headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus)(KNOWN); Glossy black-cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami); Fork-tailed swift (Apus pacificus); White-throated needletail (Hirundapus caudacutus); Black-faced monarch (Monarcha melanopsis); Spectacled monarch (Monarcha trivirgatus); and Rufous fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons). APPENDIX 2 lists the threatened and migratory fauna species that are known or considered to possibly occur in the locality and discusses the likelihood of occurrence of each species within the subject area. Species that will clearly not occur on the site, e.g. marine and wetland species, have been omitted from the assessment. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 25
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4 CORRIDORS AND CONNECTIVITY
4.1 Background
The term ‘connectivity’ is used to describe the degree to which the landscape facilitates
or impedes the movement of species among habitat areas (Bélisle 2005). The level of
connectivity between habitat areas in the landscape can be described along a continuum
from high, to medium, to low and isolated.
Landscapes with high levels of connectivity form an unbroken expanse of habitat through
which a wide range of the inhabitant species are able to easily move and select high
quality habitats. Landscapes with low levels of connectivity are characterised by habitat
areas that are separated by wide gaps and where the quality and quantity of remaining
habitat is reduced (habitat fragmentation). Habitat fragmentation impedes the
movement of species among remaining suitable habitat areas (Andrén 1994; Fahrig 2003)
and generally restricts movement to all but the most mobile of species.
At a broad landscape scale, maintaining habitat connectivity is necessary to maintain the
viability of species populations in the long term (Beier and Noss 1998). In fragmented
landscapes, corridors of native vegetation (ecological corridors) connect larger habitat
areas and can enhance landscape connectivity by:
providing habitat for fauna and flora species; and
facilitating the movement and dispersal of fauna and flora species between larger
and/or more suitable habitat areas in the landscape.
The following sections provide an assessment of the corridor and connectivity values of
native vegetation on the site and surrounding areas.
4.2 Recognition of Corridor Values On or Near the Subject Site
State, regional and local corridors in south-east Queensland have been identified in the
Biodiversity Planning Assessment (BPA): South East Queensland South Landscape Expert
Panel Report (EPA 2006). The majority of the site is mapped within a State corridor
(FIGURE 9).
The majority of the site is mapped as occurring within an Environmental Protection Area
by Noosa Shire Council, however Council provides no specific corridor mapping.
4.3 Site Assessment
Existing approved development surrounds the subject site to the west, east and south,
however a continuous vegetated corridor follows the creek line from the north of the site
through to the site’s south-eastern corner. Movements of fauna on and off the site are
therefore restricted in most directions, excepting this corridor.
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LEGEND
State corridor
Regional corridor N
Cadastral boundaries
Subject Site
0 500m
SOURCE: QLD DEHP Biodiversity Planning CLIENT TITLE
Assessment v3.5 Criteria J Corridors David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 9
SCALE: 1 : 15 000 @ A4
PROJECT
Ecological Assessment
BPA
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
PREPARED: BW
CORRIDORS
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016
Ecological Consultants FILE: Q12038_BPA Corridors.cdr
Noosa Shire Council LGA
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights The long and narrow shape of the site has meant that it has been prone to a range of detrimental edge effects. This has resulted in a high level of degradation including the presence of a high proportion of weeds in both communities. These edge effects are likely to have considerably reduced the corridor value of the site, particularly to species that are more vulnerable in edge habitats due to an increase in predation. In addition to being separated from continuous habitat regionally, there was also a considerable degree of fragmentation evident on the site itself. Areas of exposed sand dominated by Protasparagus aethiopicus regularly intersected areas of Callitris forest where a more protective understorey and layer of leaf litter is present. These gaps between canopy elements present effective barriers to some species, particularly those with low mobility The proposed development layout provides for the conservation of areas of both vegetation communities present on the subject site. The removal of weeds and planting of additional locally native plant species where feasible, will ensure that the value of this site as a wildlife corridor will not be compromised as a result of the proposed development. The following section discusses likely impacts on movement/dispersal of each of the fauna groups. Amphibians: The site does provide a tenuous link between patches of habitat for amphibians associated with the creekline habitat. A small linkage occurs to suitable habitat north and south along the creekline. This habitat is, however, degraded with weeds and heavily infested with the introduced Cane toad (Rhinella marina). This is likely to significantly reduce the sites suitability for amphibians. Rehabilitation work that will accompany the proposed development is likely to improve opportunities for amphibians to utilise the site. Reptiles: The site does provide a tenuous link between patches of habitat for reptile species including Ophioscincus truncatus. It is likely that suitable habitat will be lost as a result of the proposed development, however rehabilitation work proposed for the site is likely to improve remaining habitat and corridor suitability for reptile species including Ophioscincus truncatus. Small Mammals: The site supports a low diversity of native small mammals. The site does provide a tenuous link between patches of habitat, however, because of its degraded nature has little value as a small mammal corridor. It is expected that the development would not negatively impact small mammal movements through the site, and may in fact improve them as a result of rehabilitation works. Arboreal Mammals: The site does not currently provide a continuous well vegetated link between other habitat areas, but does support good populations of Brushtail and Ringtail possums. These populations are urbanised and likely to be utilising adjacent residential development and vegetation present on the site. The site does not support any hollow bearing trees required by smaller arboreal species. It is not expected that the development would negatively impact on the movements of arboreal mammals. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 27
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights Microchiroptera: Flyways in the form of open vegetation types will be retained. To facilitate the movement of all species, forest (canopy) elements will be retained. Megachiroptera: This group does not rely on formal corridors but rather patches of habitat, which are utilised sporadically. Retention of any areas of habitat will assist movement/local migration of this group. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 28
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5 IMPACTS AND AMELIORATION
5.1 Introduction
The following sections examine the likely direct and indirect impacts of the proposed
development and recommends amelioration measures to minimise and mitigate impacts
on the biodiversity and habitat values of the site.
5.2 Potential Impacts of the Proposed Development
5.2.1 Habitat Loss/Vegetation Clearing
The proposed development will result in vegetation and habitat loss associated with the
construction of buildings, roads and other infrastructure. The impact of the proposed
development on regional ecosystems on the site is shown in FIGURE 10. The proposal will
result in the removal of approximately 0.51 ha of confirmed remnant vegetation.
Additional impacts that may occur as a result of the removal of vegetation communities
on the subject site are summarised as follows:
Clearance of vegetation on the subject site will reduce the size and area of
habitats available for the dispersal and recruitment of native flora species and
may reduce dispersal and visits by pollinators which may negatively impact on the
reproductive success of remaining flora in the area.
Disturbance to the subject site will create opportunities for further weeds to
colonise both the site and adjacent vegetation. Weeds are likely to be introduced
to the subject site and adjacent vegetation in construction materials or by
vehicles. Weed numbers on site may increase due to dumping of garden waste,
changes in the nutrient status of the soil and increased light penetration.
Occupation of the subject site by future residents may create opportunities for
ornamental and landscape garden plant species to disperse into adjacent areas of
retained vegetation.
The removal of vegetation from the subject site will result in a decrease in
organic material and biomass on the site.
Edge effects may be experienced in areas of conserved vegetation adjacent to
development zones. In these circumstances, there is likely to be a change in the
composition of flora communities and subsequent impacts on fauna species.
Occupation of the site may increase the risk of fire release into areas of native
vegetation on the subject site leading to a disturbance in the natural fire regime
of the locality and impacts on fire-sensitive flora species and/or those that
require specific fire regimes.
The removal of vegetation will disturb the soil structure and integrity which can
reduce the health and longevity of remaining vegetation and result in increased
soil erosion which may cause sedimentation of watercourses.
Clearing may result in injury, displacement and death to fauna.
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ay
a W
Alm
Attunga Heights
Edgar LEGEND
Bennett Avenue
Proposed impact areas
Of concern RE 12.2.1/12.2.5
Essential Habitat
Subject Site
SOURCE: QLD DNRM Regulated Veg Mgt Map; CLIENT TITLE
0 25m Innovative Planning Solutions (Ref: Plans 1 of 4.pdf); David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 10 IMPACT ON
Google Earth May 2016 Aerial PROJECT
REGIONAL
N
SCALE: 1 : 1000 @ A3 Ecological Assessment
1 : 1 000 PREPARED: BW
Lot 27 on RP89506
JWA PTY LTD
Ecological Consultants 27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 31 October 2016 ECOSYSTEMS
Noosa Shire Council LGA FILE: Q12038_Impact RE.cdr
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Clearing physically removes food sources, shelter and other habitat attributes that
fauna use.
Domestic dogs and cats prey on native fauna and may have significant impacts on
the populations of native species. The proposed development may increase the
rate by which non-native predators such as dogs and cats are introduced into
habitats retained on the site or adjoining the site.
Vegetation clearing resulting in fragmentation of remaining habitat areas leads to
reduced habitat connectivity and reduces dispersal opportunities for fauna and
flora species.
The establishment of infrastructure with people, noise and lighting can have
important implications for the behaviour of fauna within retained vegetation
(particularly nocturnal fauna) and may cause reclusive species to move away from
habitat edges and will act as a deterrent on the movement of animals through the
site.
5.2.2 Threatened Flora
No threatened flora species were recorded on site. Four (4) threatened species were
considered to be possible occurrences given the habitat available on site. The proposed
development may reduce the amount of habitat available for these species.
5.2.3 Threatened Fauna
Grey-headed flying foxes have been observed on the site. No further threatened fauna
species were detected, however several threatened or migratory species were considered
to be possible or likely occurrences, based on the presence of suitable habitat (APPENDIX
2):
Glossy black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami);
Fork-tailed swift (Apus pacificus);
White-throated needletail (Hirundapus caudacutus);
Black-faced monarch (Monarcha melanopsis);
Spectacled monarch (Monarcha trivirgatus); and
Rufous fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons).
While a proportion of vegetation may be removed as a result of the proposed
development, the proposed works have been planned around the need to retain the best
quality existing habitat and will not result in the loss of significant habitat for the above
species.
5.2.4 Waterways and Wetlands
One (1) watercourse occurs in the north-eastern portion of the site (FIGURES 4 and 5).
The proposed development has been designed to retain the watercourse and adjacent
vegetation. However, indirect impacts may include changes to hydrological regimes,
erosion and sedimentation, and an increase in weeds in riparian areas.
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5.2.5 Corridor Values
Corridor values on the site are provided by the watercourse and associated vegetation.
The location of residential dwellings alongside this corridor will reduce the existing width
of the corridor and introduce edge effects that may deter more sensitive fauna species.
The proposed development has been designed to retain the watercourse and riparian
vegetation, with a corridor width of 20m – 50m, and it is therefore expected that impacts
on corridor usage by fauna as a result of the development will be minimal.
5.3 Amelioration Strategies
5.3.1 Habitat Loss/Vegetation Clearing
The proposed development will result in the loss of 0.51 ha of confirmed remnant
vegetation. The following amelioration measures are recommended:
Any landscape plantings should utilise locally endemic native plant species.
Weeds should be controlled during construction through vehicle, tool and plant
hygiene measures.
Weeds should be controlled in landscaped areas and known environmental weeds
(e.g. Umbrella tree) should be avoided in landscape plantings.
The use of appropriate fencing to allow fauna movement between vegetated areas
and exclude fauna from hazardous areas should be incorporated into the detailed
design.
Landowners should control dogs and cats. All dogs should reside within fenced
enclosures and be on a leash when outside of the enclosure.
Appropriate disposal of rubbish and food scraps reduces opportunities for non-
native predators and disturbance adapted competitors.
The effects of light on adjoining vegetation could be managed by the capping of
night lights to reduce glare into the sky and the careful positioning of lighting and
use of screening vegetation.
Appropriate flora and fauna management strategies including the use of a spotter-
catcher and tree protection fencing should be implemented during site clearing
operations to minimise potential adverse impacts on flora and fauna.
Vegetation removed during construction should be mulched for use on the site.
This will prevent the introduction of weeds from seeds in mulch brought in from
elsewhere and will retain biomass that would otherwise be removed from the
system.
5.3.2 Threatened Flora
No threatened flora species are present or considered likely to be present on the site. No
amelioration is therefore required. However, rehabilitation works are likely to improve
opportunities for threatened flora on the site.
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 5.3.3 Threatened Fauna Some loss of habitat for the Grey-headed flying fox and several other threatened and migratory species potentially occurring on the site will occur. In order to minimise direct impacts on these species as a result of the development, clearing should be undertaken in accordance with measures outlined in an approved Fauna Management Plan. Rehabilitation works should comprise locally endemic flora species, including flowering/fruiting species suitable as Grey-headed flying fox forage. 5.3.4 Waterways and Wetlands The watercourse occurring on site will incur some loss of riparian vegetation. Rehabilitation and Stormwater Management Plans will be prepared prior to commencement of works. Rehabilitation and landscaping works should incorporate plant species typical of RE 12.2.1/12.2.5 where appropriate. 5.3.5 Corridor Values Some vegetation contributing to fauna movement corridors will be removed from the site. Rehabilitation works will be undertaken in accordance with an approved Site Rehabilitation Plan, in order to enhance and maintain habitat links to be retained within the site. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 32
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
6 CONSIDERATION OF STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
6.1 Introduction
This section includes assessments of the impacts of the proposed development with
regard to the following Commonwealth, State and Local legislation:
the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act
(1999);
the Queensland Nature Conservation Act (1992) and subordinate legislation;
the Queensland Vegetation Management Act (1999);
the South-East Queensland Koala State Planning Regulatory Provisions (2010);
the Queensland State Planning Policy 2/10: Koala Conservation in South East
Queensland (2010);
the Queensland Coastal Plan (2012); and
the Noosa Plan (2006)
6.2 Commonwealth EPBC Act (1999)
6.2.1 Background
The Environment Protection Biodiversity and Conservation (EPBC) Act (1999) was passed
by Commonwealth Parliament in June 1999 and came into force on the 16th July 2000. A
person must not, without an approval under the Act, take an action that has or will have,
or is likely to have, a significant impact on a Matter of National Environmental
Significance (MNES). These MNES are listed as follows:
the world heritage values of a declared World Heritage property;
the ecological character of a declared Ramsar wetland;
a threatened species or endangered community listed under the Act;
a migratory species listed under the Act; or
the environment in a Commonwealth marine area or on Commonwealth land.
The Act also prohibits the taking, without an approval under the Act, of:
a nuclear action; or
an action in a Commonwealth marine area or on Commonwealth land that has or
will have, or is likely to have, a significant impact on the environment.
MNES in Queensland are:
declared World Heritage areas;
declared Ramsar wetlands;
listed threatened species (Schedule 1 and 2 of the Commonwealth Endangered
Species Protection Act 1992);
listed ecological communities; and
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listed migratory species (JAMBA and CAMBA).
An action includes a project, development, undertaking or an activity or series of
activities. An action does not require approval if it is a lawful continuation of a use of
land, sea or seabed that was occurring before the commencement of the Act. An
enlargement, expansion or intensification of a use is not a continuation of a use.
The EPBC Act (1999) does not require Commonwealth approval for the rezoning of land. It
does, however, suggest that when rezoning land, planning authorities should consider
whether to allow actions that could significantly affect NES matters or the environment
of Commonwealth land.
A Commonwealth Assessment will be required for proposed activities on the subject site
if they affect a MNES. The Commonwealth Department of the Environment has prepared
EPBC Act Policy Statements, including the EPBC Act – Principal Significant Impact
Guidelines 1.1 (2009) which provides a self-assessment process to assist in determining
whether an action should be referred to the Commonwealth for a decision on whether
assessment and approval is required under the Act. The proposed development has been
considered against the Principal Significant Impact Guidelines for each of the MNES
identified on the subject site. This assessment is provided in the following sections.
6.2.2 Declared World Heritage Areas On or Near the Site
There are no declared World Heritage areas on, or within 5km, of the subject site.
6.2.3 Declared Ramsar Wetlands On or Near the Site
6.2.3.1 Significant Impact Criteria
An action is likely to have a significant impact on the ecological character of a declared
Ramsar wetland if there is a real chance or possibility that it will result in:
areas of the wetland being destroyed or substantially modified;
a substantial and measurable change in the hydrological regime of the wetland,
for example, a substantial change to the volume, timing, duration and frequency
of ground and surface water flows to and within the wetland;
the habitat or lifecycle of native species, including invertebrate fauna and fish
species, dependent upon the wetland being seriously affected;
a substantial and measurable change in the water quality of the wetland, for
example, a substantial change in the level of salinity, pollutants, or nutrients in
the wetland, or water temperature which may adversely impact on biodiversity,
ecological integrity, social amenity or human health; or
an invasive species that is harmful to the ecological character of the wetland
being established (or an existing invasive species being spread) in the wetland.
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6.2.3.2 Site Assessment
There are no declared Ramsar wetlands on, or within 5km of the subject site. It is
considered that any future development of the site will not occur on any significant
wetland and will not significantly impact on any wetland of international importance.
6.2.4 Commonwealth Listed Threatened Flora and Fauna Species
6.2.4.1 Significant Impact Criteria
An action is likely to have a significant impact on a Critically Endangered, Endangered or
Vulnerable species if there is a real chance or possibility that it will:
lead to a long-term decrease in the size of a population;
reduce the area of occupancy of the species;
fragment an existing population into two or more populations;
adversely affect habitat critical to the survival of a species;
disrupt the breeding cycle of a population;
modify, destroy, remove, isolate or decrease the availability or quality of habitat
to the extent that the species is likely to decline;
result in invasive species that are harmful to a critically endangered or
endangered species becoming established in the endangered or critically
endangered species’ habitat;
introduce disease that may cause the species to decline; or
interfere with the recovery of the species.
A ‘population of a species’ is defined under the EPBC Act as an occurrence of the species
in a particular area. In relation to critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable
threatened species, occurrences include but are not limited to a geographically distinct
regional population, or collection of local populations, or a population, or collection of
local populations that occur within a particular bioregion.
An ‘invasive species’ is an introduced species, including an introduced (translocated)
native species, which out-competes native species for space and resources or which is a
predator of native species. Introducing an invasive species into an area may result in that
species becoming established. An invasive species may harm listed threatened species or
ecological communities by direct competition, modification of habitat or predation.
6.2.4.2 Site Assessment
One (1) EPBC Act (1999) listed Vulnerable species (i.e. Grey-headed flying fox) was
recorded on the subject site. However, it is not considered that a significant population
occurs or utilises the subject site. As such, future development is unlikely to cause a
significant impact on this species. Two (2) vulnerable and one (1) endangered species are
considered possible occurrences on the subject site. However, it is considered that the
subject site does not support any important populations of these species. A significant
impact on these species will therefore not be incurred. A full listing of species identified
as possibly occurring on the subject site is provided in APPENDIX 2.
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6.2.5 Listed Ecological Communities
6.2.5.1 Significant Impact Criteria
An action is likely to have a significant impact on a critically endangered or endangered
ecological community if there is a real chance or possibility that it will:
reduce the extent of an ecological community;
fragment or increase fragmentation of an ecological community, for example by
clearing vegetation for roads or transmission lines;
adversely affect habitat critical to the survival of an ecological community;
modify or destroy abiotic (non-living) factors (such as water, nutrients, or soil)
necessary for an ecological community’s survival, including reduction of
groundwater levels, or substantial alteration of surface water drainage patterns;
cause a substantial change in the species composition of an occurrence of an
ecological community, including causing a decline or loss of functionally important
species, for example through regular burning or flora or fauna harvesting; or
cause a substantial reduction in the quality or integrity of an occurrence of an
ecological community, including, but not limited to:
assisting invasive species, that are harmful to the listed ecological
community, to become established; or
causing regular mobilization of fertilisers, herbicides or other chemicals or
pollutants into the ecological community which kill or inhibit the growth of
species in the ecological community; or
interfere with the recovery of an ecological community.
6.2.5.2 Site Assessment
Database searches revealed that two (2) threatened Ecological Communities are known to
occur within 5km of the subject site:
Lowland Rainforest of Subtropical Australia – critically endangered; and
Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh – vulnerable.
Neither of these communities are considered to occur on the site.
6.2.6 Listed Migratory Species On or Near the Site
6.2.6.1 Significant Impact Criteria
An action will require approval if the action has, will have, or is likely to have a
significant impact on a listed migratory species. Note that some migratory species are
also listed as threatened species. The significant impact criteria below are relevant to
migratory species that are not threatened.
An action is likely to have a significant impact on a migratory species if there is a real
chance or possibility that it will:
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substantially modify (including by fragmenting, altering fire regimes, altering
nutrient cycles; or
altering hydrological cycles), destroy or isolate an area of important habitat for a
migratory species; or
result in an invasive species that is harmful to the migratory species becoming
established in an area of important habitat for the migratory species; or
seriously disrupt the lifecycle (breeding, feeding, migration or resting behaviour)
of an ecologically significant proportion of the population of a migratory species.
An area of ‘important habitat’ for a migratory species is:
habitat used by a migratory species occasionally or periodically within a region
that supports an ecologically significant proportion of the population of the
species; and/or
habitat that is of critical importance to the species at particular life-cycle stages;
and/or
habitat utilized by a migratory species which is at the limit of the species range;
and/or
habitat within an area where the species is declining.
Listed migratory species cover a broad range of species with different life cycles and
population sizes. Therefore, the definition of what an ‘ecologically significant proportion’
of the population is varies with the species (each circumstance needs to be evaluated).
Some factors that should be considered include the species’ population status, genetic
distinctiveness and species specific behavioural patterns (for example, site fidelity and
dispersal rates).
The term ‘population’ in relation to migratory species, means the entire population or
any geographically separate part of the population of any species or lower taxon of wild
animals, a significant proportion of whose members cyclically and predictably cross one
(1) or more national jurisdictional boundaries including Australia.
6.2.6.2 Site Assessment
Whilst a number of migratory species are considered likely or possible occurrences on the
subject site, it is not considered that any important habitat occurs on the subject site.
6.2.7 Requirement for Commonwealth Referral
The subject site does not contain Declared World Heritage Areas or Ecological
communities listed under the Act. Based on the assessment provided above, residential
development on the subject site is unlikely to result in a significant impact on any matter
of NES. Referral to the Commonwealth Department of Environment is unlikely to be
required.
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6.3 Queensland Nature Conservation Act (1992) and Nature
Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation (2006)
6.3.1 Background
The Queensland Nature Conservation Act (NCA, 1992) details the management intent for
listed flora and fauna species considered presumed Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable,
Near Threatened, Least Concern, International and Prohibited in Queensland. It discusses
their significance and states the declared management intent and the principles to be
observed in any taking and use for each group.
The proposed management intent for Endangered wildlife includes the following:
to take action to ensure viable populations of the wildlife in the wild are
preserved or re-established;
to regularly monitor and review the status of Endangered wildlife and its habitat;
to encourage scientific research and inventory programs likely to contribute to an
understanding of Endangered wildlife and its habitat and management
requirements;
to recognize that the habitat of Endangered wildlife is likely to be a critical
habitat or area of major interest; and
to monitor and review the adequacy of environmental impact assessment
procedures to ensure that they take into account the need to accurately assess
the extent of the impact on Endangered wildlife and develop effective mitigation
measures.
The proposed management intent for Vulnerable wildlife includes the following:
to take action to ensure viable populations of the wildlife in the wild are reserved
or established;
to recognize that the conservation of the habitat of Vulnerable wildlife is critical
to ensuring survival of that wildlife; and
to monitor and review the adequacy of environmental impact assessment
procedures to ensure that they take into account the need to accurately assess
the extent of the impact on Vulnerable wildlife and develop effective mitigation
measures.
The proposed management intent for Near Threatened wildlife includes the following:
to regularly monitor and review the wildlife’s conservation status and its habitat;
to recognize the habitat of the wildlife as a potentially critical habitat or area of
major interest; and
to monitor and review the adequacy of environmental impact assessment
procedures to ensure that they take into account the need to accurately assess
the extent of the impact on Near Threatened wildlife and develop effective
mitigation measures.
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 6.3.2 Site Assessment 6.3.2.1 Flora No State-significant flora species were identified within the subject site. Twenty-six (26) threated flora species listed under the Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation (2006) are considered possible occurrences in the locality (as listed in TABLE 2). Four (4) of these species were considered as possible occurrences in habitat within the subject site including: Habenaria harroldii; Bulbophyllum globuliforme; Cryptocarya foetida; and Triumia robusta (Glossy spice bush). The proposed development will not significantly impact this habitat. 6.3.2.2 Fauna Twenty-one (21) fauna species listed under the Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation (2006) are considered possible occurrences in the locality (as listed in TABLE 3). One (1) of these, the Glossy black-cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami) was considered a possible occurrence in habitat within the subject site. Searches beneath Allocasuarina species present on the site did not reveal the presence of any chewed cones, indicative of Glossy black-cockatoo presence. Three (3) wallum dependent frog species are listed as having essential habitat on the site. Site inspections revealed that suitable habitat does not occur on the site. 6.4 Queensland Vegetation Management Act (1999) 6.4.1 Background The purpose of the Vegetation Management Act (VMA, 1999) is to regulate the broad scale clearing of vegetation on freehold land to preserve remnant Regional Ecosystems (RE), vegetation in areas of high nature conservation value areas and areas vulnerable to land degradation. The VMA (1999) also ensures that clearing does not cause land degradation, maintains or increases biodiversity, maintains ecological processes and allows for ecologically sustainable land use. The VMA (1999) is currently supported by the State Policy for Vegetation Management (2013), which includes codes for the clearing of vegetation. Approval is required under the VMA (1999) when clearing is to be undertaken within a declared area or within a remnant Regional Ecosystem, unless listed under Exemptions relating to the Act. A declared area is an area declared by the Minister to be of high conservation value or vulnerable to land degradation. Approvals to clear remnant vegetation on properties greater than 5 ha are managed by the State Assessment and Referral Agency (SARA). SARA coordinates the assessment of vegetation clearing Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 39
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applications which are considered against the State Development Assessment Provisions
(SDAP).
The SDAP includes Module 8: Native Vegetation Clearing (2013) which uses certified
mapping (DEHP mapping) to administer the VMA. Mapping includes:
regulated vegetation management mapping for remnant vegetation and remnant
vegetation associated with any natural watercourse or wetland;
regional ecosystem (RE) mapping for Endangered REs and Of Concern REs;
essential habitat (EH) mapping for habitat essential for threatened species; and
referable wetlands mapping for waterway contributing to the Great Barrier Reef
catchment.
Other categories assessed under module 8 include:
clearing to maintain connectivity;
clearing on acid sulphate soils;
soil erosion; and
salinity.
Property Maps of Assessable Vegetation (PMAVs) are a part of the framework of the VMA.
They are property-scale maps that show the location, boundary and conservation status
of vegetation. PMAVs are submitted by landholders and used to update DEHP’s Regulated
Vegetation mapping for determining the location of vegetation assessable under the VMA.
6.4.2 Assessable Vegetation on the Subject Site
6.4.2.1 Possible Exemptions
The current regulated vegetation management map of the subject site includes both
Category B (remnant vegetation) and Category X (vegetation not regulated under the
VMA) areas. Category B areas cover the majority of the subject site (1.63 ha). The
Regional Ecosystem (RE) mapping identifies the Category B regulated vegetation as the
following REs (FIGURE 5):
RE 12.2.1 (Of Concern) - Notophyll vine forest on parabolic high dunes; and
RE 12.2.5 (Least Concern) - Corymbia intermedia, Lophostemon confertus,
Banksia spp., Callitris columellaris open forest to low closed forest on beach
ridges.
Exemptions on freehold land include clearing of Least Concern or Of Concern remnant
vegetation (Category B regulated vegetation) ‘in an urban area for an urban purpose (e.g.
residential, industrial, sporting, recreational or commercial)’.
The Noosa Plan (2006) identifies the site largely as ‘Open Space Conservation’, with small
areas of ‘Attached Housing’ and ‘Semi-attached Housing’. Exemptions may apply within
these latter areas, however clearing in the remainder of the site will be assessed against
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
the Queensland vegetation management state code, Tables 8.1.3 and 8.1.4 of the SDAP.
The tables are addressed in APPENDIX 3.
6.4.2.2 Regulated Vegetation Management Mapping
Regulated Vegetation Management mapping (FIGURE 5) shows vegetation communities 1
and 2 as Regulated Vegetation. According to DEHP mapping 0.54 ha of Regulated
Vegetation will be cleared for this development.
Appropriate sediment control and water quality monitoring are recommended to
minimise impacts associated with the development on the Regulated Vegetation
associated with a watercourse.
6.4.2.3 Regional Ecosystems
Regional Ecosystem (RE) mapping shows two (2) REs occurring on the subject site (FIGURE
5):
RE 12.2.1 (Of Concern) - Notophyll vine forest on parabolic high dunes; and
RE 12.2.5 (Least Concern) - Corymbia intermedia, Lophostemon confertus,
Banksia spp., Callitris columellaris open forest to low closed forest on beach
ridges.
A total of 0.51 ha of confirmed remnant vegetation will be impacted by the proposed
development (FIGURE 10). To mitigate this impact, rehabilitation works will be
undertaken in order to improve the quality of retained vegetation and enhance current
fauna habitat and corridor values.
Appropriate sediment control and water quality monitoring are also recommended to
minimise impacts associated with the development on RE 12.3.5.
6.4.2.4 Essential Habitat
Essential Habitat for wallum rocket frog (Litoria freycineti) and the wallum froglet
(Crinia tinnula) is mapped on-site concurrent with Of Concern RE 12.2.5 (FIGURE 5).
Development within the subject site will therefore need to meet Essential Habitat
performance requirements by adopting the relevant acceptable solution in Module 8
Table 8.1.3, or by providing another solution that meets the performance requirement.
However, it is considered that the vegetation on site is not suitable habitat for these
species, which require a wallum environment.
6.4.2.5 Referable Wetlands
Referable Wetlands mapping shows no Referable Wetlands or Wetland Protection Areas
on or near the subject site.
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6.4.2.6 Vegetation Clearing to Maintain Connectivity
Existing approved development surrounds the subject site on all sides. As such, the
vegetation communities identified on the site do not have high connective values.
Movements of fauna on and off the site are restricted as a result of this.
The proposed development layout provides for the conservation of areas of both
vegetation communities present on the subject site. The removal of weeds and planting
of additional locally native plant species where feasible, will ensure that the value of this
site as a wildlife corridor will not be compromised as a result of the proposed
development.
6.5 South East Queensland Koala Conservation State Planning
Regulatory Provisions (2010)
6.5.1 Background
The South East Queensland Koala Conservation State Planning Regulatory Provisions
(2010) (Koala SPRP) came into effect in May 2010. The regulatory provisions apply to
assessable development within the South East Queensland Koala Protection Area
(SEQKPA) where koalas are identified as most at risk – i.e. the Koala Coast and Pine Rivers
areas. The Koala SPRP outlines requirements for development within the SEQKPA in order
to minimize the impacts of development on koala populations.
6.5.2 Applicability to the Subject Site
The subject site is outside SPRP Koala Assessable Development Areas. The South East
Queensland Koala Conservation State Planning Regulatory Provisions does not apply to
this site.
6.6 State Planning Policy 2/10: Koala Conservation in South East
Queensland
6.6.1 Background
The State Planning Policy 2/10: Koala Conservation in South East Queensland (Koala SPP)
came into effect on the 31st May 2010. The Koala SPP complements the South East
Queensland Koala Conservation State Planning Regulatory Provisions (2010) and provides
direction to local governments when making or amending their planning schemes, as well
as for other land allocation processes such as master planning/structure planning
processes, and community infrastructure designations. The Koala SPP significantly
expands the area within South East Queensland that must incorporate koala conservation
and habitat protection outcomes into planning decisions. The Koala SPP applies to the
seven eastern local government areas of South East Queensland: Sunshine Coast Regional
Council, Moreton Bay Regional Council, Brisbane City Council, Redland City Council,
Ipswich City Council, Logan City Council and Gold Coast City Council.
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The Koala SPP contains Koala Habitat Values maps that apply to the seven eastern local
government areas. The Koala Habitat Values mapping identifies areas of bushland
habitat, areas suitable for rehabilitation and other areas of value.
6.6.2 Applicability to the Subject Site
SPP Koala Habitat mapping shows the area as generally not suitable as koala habitat.
6.7 The Queensland Coastal Plan (2012)
6.7.1 Background
The Coastal Management Plan is prepared under the Coastal Protection and Management
Act 1995 (Coastal Act) to describe how the coastal zone of Queensland is to be managed.
The objects of the Coastal Act related to coastal management are to:
provide for the protection, conservation, rehabilitation and management of the
coastal zone, including its resources and biological diversity; and
encourage the enhancement of knowledge of coastal resources and the effect of
human activities on the coastal zone.
This plan provides direction and guidance for use of Queensland's coastal resources to
achieve coastal management outcomes. Queensland Coastal Hazard Areas maps show
areas vulnerable to coastal erosion or storm tide inundation.
Coastal development is assessed by SARA under the State Development Assessment
Provisions module 10: Coastal Protection.
6.7.2 Site Assessment
Current mapping shows that the subject site does not occur within the Coastal
Management District.
6.8 The Noosa Plan 2006
6.8.1 Background
The Noosa Plan (2006) was prepared in accordance with the requirements of the
Integrated Planning Act 1997 which requires Councils to have a planning scheme that is
prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Act. The Planning Scheme commenced
in February 2006.
The purpose of the Noosa Plan is to provide a framework for managing development in a
way that advances the purpose of the Integrated Planning Act 1997 by:
identifying assessable, self-assessable and exempt development;
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights
identifying outcomes sought to be achieved in the local government area as the
context for assessing development; and
identifying the criteria for assessment of development that is not exempt
development.
6.8.2 Zoning
Under the Noosa Plan 2006 the site is located within the Noosa Heads locality and is
zoned as Open space conservation, Attached housing and Semi-attached housing (FIGURE
3).
6.8.3 Biodiversity Overlay Code
The subject site is mapped under the Noosa Plan (2006) locality biodiversity overlay map
as containing Environmental Protection Area (FIGURE 11). The proposed development
will result in the loss of 0.51 ha of Environmental Protection Area habitat (FIGURE 12)
and is therefore assessable under the Biodiversity overlay code. An assessment of the
proposed development against the biodiversity overlay code is provided in APPENDIX 4.
6.8.4 Schedule 7 – Koala Habitat Areas
The subject site is not mapped under Schedule 7 (koala habitat areas) of the Noosa Plan
2006.
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DR
A
OS
NO
AV E
NNETT
LEGEND
Riparian buffer area
Environmental protection area N
Environmental enhancement area
Koala habitat areas
Watercourses and drainage lines
Major water bodies
0 50m
Subject Site
SOURCE: The Noosa Plan - Noosa Heads CLIENT TITLE
Biodiversity Overlay (Map OM6.1) David & Carol Neate
FIGURE 11 NOOSA HEADS
PROJECT
SCALE: 1 : 2000 @ A4 Ecological Assessment
PREPARED: BW BIODIVERSITY
Lot 27 on RP89506
JWA PTY LTD
Ecological Consultants 27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD DATE: 25 October 2016 OVERLAY
Noosa Shire Council LGA FILE: Q12038_Bio Overlay.cdr
Page 57
ETT AVE LEGEND
Environmental protection area
Environmental enhancement area
Koala habitat areas
Watercourses and drainage lines
Subject Site
D R
A 0 25m
SOURCE: The Noosa Plan - Noosa Heads
Biodiversity Overlay (Map OM6.1); Innovative
Planning Solutions (Ref: Plans 1 of 4.pdf)
CLIENT
David & Carol Neate
PROJECT
FIGURE 12
TITLE
IMPACT ON
NOOSA HEADS
N
SCALE: 1 : 1000 @ A3 Ecological Assessment
1 : 1 000 PREPARED: BW
JWA PTY LTD
Lot 27 on RP89506
DATE: 25 October 2016 BIODIVERSITY
27 Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill QLD
Ecological Consultants
Noosa Shire Council LGA FILE: Q12038_Impact BioOM.cdr OVERLAY
Page 58
Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS James Warren and Associates have been engaged by David and Carol Neate to complete an ecological assessment of land proposed for development at Attunga Heights, Noosa, Sunshine Coast. The current certified Regional Ecosystem mapping of the site shows two (2) RE’s occurring on the subject site, i.e. Of Concern RE12.2.1 and Least Concern RE12.2.5. No Endangered REs have been mapped over the site. Site surveys revealed the occurrence of two (2) broad vegetation communities within the Subject site, including: Community 1: Tall dry open forest (12.2.5); and Community 2: Tall wet open forest (12.2.1). Parts of these communities do not meet remnant criteria in terms of height and canopy cover, and have been categorised as regrowth. The remainder is considered to represent remnant vegetation. No significant flora species were recorded on the site. One (1) significant fauna species (Grey headed flying fox) was recorded within the site during the surveys. One other significant species (Glossy black cockatoo) and several migratory species were considered possible occurrences based on the presence of suitable habitat. Impacts on these species resulting from the proposed development are expected to be minor. The site is relatively isolated from surrounding areas reducing the site suitability as a movement corridor. Suitable habitat for significant species is to be retained. The areas of the subject site proposed for development generally support areas of limited ecological significance. Vegetation communities are highly disturbed, have a high proportion of weeds, are low in diversity, small in size and have low connective values. Local, State and Commonwealth statutory requirements have been considered and it is not expected that the development will adversely impact on the flora and fauna and ecological communities within the site. Conservation, rehabilitation and management of the habitat in which threatened species are known or likely to occur represents an effective mitigation measure. The proposed development is consistent with the proposed management intent for Endangered, Vulnerable and Rare wildlife. It is concluded, based on this assessment and a review of other studies in the locality, that no ecological values of high significance are present on the site, and that the proposed development will not adversely affect local biodiversity values. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 45
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights 8 REFERENCES Andrén, H. (1994) Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals in landscapes with different proportions of suitable habitat – a review. OIKOS 71:355-366. Australian Government (2014) Atlas of Living Australia (Online Database). Australian Government. [URL http://biocache.ala.org.au/explore/your-area]. Barry, S.J. & G.T. Thomas (1994). Threatened Vascular Rainforest Plants of South-east Queensland: A Conservation Review. Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage. Beier, P. and R.F. Noss (1998) Do habitat corridors provide connectivity? Conservation Biology 12: 1241-1252. Bélisle, M. (2005) Measuring landscape connectivity: The challenge of behavioral landscape ecology. Ecology 86: 1988-1995. Brooker, M.I.H. and Kleinig, D.A. (1994a) Field Guide to Eucalypts, Volume 1 South- eastern Australia. Bloomings Books, Hawthorn, Victoria. Brooker, M.I.H. and Kleinig, D.A. (1994b) Field Guide to Eucalypts, Volume 3 Northern Australia. Bloomings Books, Hawthorn, Victoria. Cropper, S.C. (1993) Management of Endangered Plants. CSIRO, East Melbourne, Victoria. CSIRO (2010) Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 6 (Version 6.1) (Online Database). [URL: http://keys.trin.org.au/key-server/data/0e0f0504-0103-430d-8004- 060d07080d04/media/Html/index.html]. DAFF (2011) Declared plants of Queensland. Queensland Government: Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. https://www.daff.qld.gov.au/plants/weeds-pest- animals-ants/weeds/declared-plants. Debus, S.J.S. (1991) An annotated list of NSW records of the Red Goshawk. Australian Birds 24: 72-89. Debus, S.J.S. (1993) ‘The status of the Red Goshawk (Erythrotriorchis radiatus) in New South Wales’ in Olsen, P. (ed) Australasian Raptor Studies. ARA-RAOU, Melbourne. pp. 182-191. DEHP (2012) SPRP and SPP Koala Habitat Mapping (Online Database). Queensland Government: Department of Environment and Heritage Protection. [URL: http://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/wildlife/koalas/mapping/maprequestform.php]. DEHP (2013) Referable Wetland Mapping (Online Database). Queensland Government: Department of Environment and Heritage Protection. [URL: http://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/ecosystems/wetlands/referable-wetlands-form.php]. DEHP (2013) WetlandInfo - Plants, animals, soils, water and more (Online Database). Queensland Government: Department of Environment and Heritage Protection. [URL: http://wetlandinfo.ehp.qld.gov.au/wetlands/ecology/components/]. DEHP (2014a) Wildlife Online Database (Online Database). Queensland Government: Department of Environment and Heritage Protection. [URL: Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 46
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/report-request/species-list/]. DEHP (2014b) Coastal Hazard Mapping (Online Database). Queensland Government: Department of Environment and Heritage Protection. [URL: http://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/coastal/management/coastal_plan_maps.php]. Department of the Environment (2012) Species Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT) (Online Database). Australian Government: Department of the Environment. [URL: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl]. Department of the Environment (2013) Protected Matters Search Tool (Online Database). Australian Government: Department of the Environment. [URL: http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/index.html]. Department of the Environment (2016) Species Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT) (Online Database). Australian Government: Department of the Environment. [URL: http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl]. DNRM (2014) Regulated Vegetation Management Mapping, Regional Ecosystems Mapping (Version 8), PMAV Mapping, Essential Habitat Mapping (V4) (Online Database) Queensland Government: Department of Natural Resources and Mines. [URL: https://www.dnrm.qld.gov.au/forms/land-property/vegetation-map-request]. Edwards, K. (1979) Rainfall in NSW with special reference to soil conservation. Soil Conservation Service Technical Handbook No. 3. Soil Conservation of New South Wales, Sydney. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 2006) Biodiversity Planning Assessment: Southeast Queensland South Landscape Expert Panel Report, SEQ BPA v3.5. Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane. Eyre, T.J., Ferguson, D.J., Hourigan, C.L., Smith, G.C., Mathieson, M.T., Kelly, A.L., Venz, M.F. and Hogan, L.D. (2012) Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna Survey Guidelines for Queensland. Queensland Government: Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts, Brisbane. Fahrig, L. (2003) Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics 34: 487-515. Fitzpatrick, E.A. and Nix, H.A. (1973) ‘The Climatic Factor in Australian Grassland Ecology’, in Moore, R.M. (ed) Australian Grasslands. ANU Press, Canberra. Garden, J., McAlpine, C.A., Possingham, H.P. and Jones, D.N. (2007) Habitat structure is more important than vegetation composition for local-level management of native terrestrial reptile and small mammal species living in urban remnants: A case study from Brisbane, Australia. Wildlife Research 32: 669-685. Gravatt, D. (1974) ‘Birds that eat plant products in coastal south Queensland’, in Institute for Foresters of Australia (eds) Working Papers Volume 1, Seventh Triennial Conference, Caloundra, Queensland. pp. 339-348. Harden, G., McDonald, B. and Williams, J. (2006) Rainforest trees and shrubs: a field guide to their identification in Victoria, New South Wales and subtropical Queensland using vegetative features. Gwen Harden Publishing, Nambucca Heads. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 47
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights Haslam, S. (2004) Noosa’s Native Plants. Noosa Integrated Catchment Association Inc., Tewantin. Haslam, S. (2014) Noosa’s Native Plants (Online Database). [URL: http://www.noosanativeplants.com.au/articles/happening-now/]. Henderson, R.J. (2002) Names and Distribution of Queensland Plants, algae and lichens. Queensland Government: Environmental Protection Agency - Queensland Herbarium, Toowong. James Warren & Associates (2004) Flora and Fauna Assessment – Attunga Heights, Noosa Hill. James Warren & Associates, Brisbane. Jessup, L.W. (2002) Flora of eastern Queensland Volume 2, Changes to names or status of taxa. Queensland Government: Environmental Protection Agency - Queensland Herbarium, Toowong. Jessup, L.W. (2003) Flora of eastern Queensland Volume 1, Changes to names or status of taxa. Queensland Government: Environmental Protection Agency - Queensland Herbarium, Toowong. Jessup, L.W. (2005) Flora of eastern Queensland Volume 3, Changes to names or status of taxa. Queensland Government: Environmental Protection Agency - Queensland Herbarium, Toowong. Keast, A. (1968) Seasonal movements in the Australian honeyeaters (Meliphagidae) and their ecological significance. Emu 67: 159-210. Kennedy, S. and Tzaros, C. (2005) Foraging ecology of the swift parrot Lathamus discolor in the Box-Ironbark forest and woodland of Victoria. Pacific Conservation Biology 11: 158- 173. Leiper, G., Glazebrook, J., Cox, D. and Rathie, K. (2008) Mangroves to Mountains. SGAP Logan River Branch, Brisbane. Lemckert, F. and Penman, T. (2012) ‘Climate Change and Australia’s frogs: how much do we need to worry?’ in Lunney, D. and Hutchings, P. (eds) Wildlife and Climate Change: towards robust conservation strategies for Australian fauna. Royal Society of NSW, Mosman, NSW. Menkhorst, P. and Knight, F. (2001) A field guide to the mammals of Australia. Oxford University Press, South Melbourne. Neldner, V.J., Wilson, B. A., Thompson, E.J. and Dillewaard, H.A. (2005) Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland, Version 3.1 (September 2005). Queensland Government: Environmental Protection Agency – Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane. Nix, H.S. (1982) ‘Environmental determinants of biogeography and evolution in Terra Australis’, in Barker, W.R. and Greenslade, P.J.M. (eds) Evolution of the Flora and Fauna of Arid Australia. Peacock Pubs, Frewvill, South Australia. pp. 47-66. NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change (2009) Threatened species survey and assessment guidelines: field survey methods for fauna – Amphibians. NSW Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 48
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights Government: Department of Environment and Climate Change, Sydney. NSW OEH (2014) Threatened species profile search (Online Database). NSW Government: Office of Environment and Heritage. [URL: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedSpeciesApp/]. Pizzey, G. and Knight, F. (1997) Field Guide to the Birds of Australia. Harper Collins, Sydney. Porter, J.W. (1982) Terrestrial birds of the coastal lowlands of south east Queensland, Technical Paper No. 30. Queensland Government: Department of Forestry, Brisbane. Queensland Herbarium (2014) Regional Ecosystem Description Database (REDD). Version 8.1 (April 2014). Queensland Government: Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts, Brisbane. Queensland Museum (1995) Wildlife of Greater Brisbane. Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Queensland Museum (2003) Wild Plants of Greater Brisbane. Queensland Museum, South Brisbane. Robertson, J.S. (1973) Winter Area Behaviour of Drongos and Forest Kingfishers. Australian Bird Bander 11(1): 3-4. Robertson, J.S. and Woodall, P.F. (1983) The status and movements of Honeyeaters at Wellington Point, south-east Queensland. Sunbird 13(1): 1-4. Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust (Rbgsyd, 2014). PlantNET - The Plant Information Network System (version 2) (Online Database). The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney. [URL: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/search/simple.htm]. Sands, D. and Scott, S. (2002) Conservation of birdwing butterflies. Richmond Birdwing Conservation Network, Brisbane [URL: http://www.richmondbirdwing.org.au/faq.php]. Sattler, P. S. and Williams, R.D. (1999) The Conservation Status of Queensland’s Bioregional Ecosystems. Queensland Government: Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane. Smith, A.P. and Lindemayer, D. (1988) Tree hollow requirements of leadbeater's possum and other possums and gliders in timber production ash forests of the Victorian central highlands. Australian Wildlife Research 15: 347-362. Specht, R.L. (1981) ‘Foliage - Projective Cover and Standing Biomass’, in Gillison, A.N. and Anderson, D.J. (eds) Vegetation Classification of Australia. CSIRO, ANU Press, Canberra. Stanley, T.D. and Ross, E.M. (1989) Flora of south-eastern Queensland (Volumes 1-3). Queensland Government: Department of Primary Industries, Brisbane. Swift Parrot Recovery Team (2001) Swift Parrot Recovery Plan 2001-2005. Tasmanian Government: Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Hobart. Walker, J. and Hopkins, M.S. (1998) ‘Vegetation’, in McDonald, R.C., Isabell, R.F., Speight G.J., Walker, J. and Hopkins, M.S. (eds) Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook, 2nd Edition. Australian Collaborative Land Evaluation Program, Canberra. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 49
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Ecological Assessment – Attunga Heights WBM Oceanics (2001) Fauna assessment for the Bayview Noosa site. Williams, K.A.W. (1984). Native Plants of Queensland. K.A.W. Williams. Job No: Q12038/Rw1 JWA Pty Ltd 50
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APPENDIX 1 – FLORA LIST
Grouping and Family Botanical Name Common Name
Ferns and Fern Allies
Adiantiaceae Adiantum hispidulum Rough maidenhair
Davalliaceae Nephrolepis sp.* Large Fishbone fern
Nephrolepis cordata* Fishbone fern
Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum Hard bracken fern
Glecheniaceae Histiopteris incisa Batswing Fern
Polypodiaceae Drynaria rigidula Basket fern
Platycerium bifurcatum Elkhorn fern
Schizaeaceae Lygodium microphyllym Climbing fern
Thelypteridaceae Christella dentata Binung
Gymnosperms
Araucariaceae Araucaria cunninghamii Hoop Pine
Cyperaceae Cyperus sp.
Angiosperms (Monocotyledons)
Agavaceae Dracaena variegate* Variegated cordyline
Yucca aloifolia* Yucca
Amaryllidaceae Crinum pedunculatum River lily
Arecaceae Archontophoenix Bangalow palm
cunninghamiana
Syagrus romanzoffiana* Queen Palm
Asparagaceae Protasparagus aethiopicus* Asparagus Fern
Asteliaceae Cordyline rubra Red fruited palm lily
Commelinaceae Callisia sp* Groundcover succulent
Commelina benghalensis* Blue wandering jew
Tradescantia fluminensis* White Wandering Jew
Tradescantia zebrina* Wandering Jew
Dracaenaceae Sansevieria trifasciata* Mother-in-law tongue
Lilaceae Gloriosa superba* Glory Lily
Lomandraceae Lomandra filiformis filiformis Fine-leaved matrush
Lomandra hystrix Matrush
Luzuriagaceae Geitonoplesium cymosum Scrambling Lily
Orchidaceae Epidendrum sp.* Crucifix orchid
Pandanaceae Freycinetia scandens Freycinetia
Poaceae Panicum lachnophyllum
Panicum maximum* Guinea grass
Smilacaceae Smilax australis Austral sarsparilla
Strelitziaceae Strelizia reginae* Bird of Paradise
Xanthorrhoeaceae Lomandra filiformis subsp. Fine-leaved matrush
filiformis
Angiosperms (Dicotyledons)
Acanthaceae Odontonema strictum* Red justicia
Anacardiaceae Euroschinus falcata Ribbonwood
Annonaceae Polyalthia nitidissima Polyalthia
Apocynaceae Alyxia ruscifolia Prickly Alyxia
Plumeria sp.* Frangipani
Araliaceae Polyscias elegans Celerywood
Schefflera actinophylla* Umbrella tree
Asclepiadaceae Hoya australis Native Hoya
Secamone elliptica Corky Milk Vine
Asteraceae Bidens pilosa* Farmers friends
Senecio sp.* Daisy Ivy
Senecio tamoides* Canary Creeper
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Grouping and Family Botanical Name Common Name
Wedelia trilobata* Singapore daisy
Balsaminaceae Impatiens wallerina* Impatiens
Bignoniaceae Pyrostegia venusta* Flame vine
Pandorea jasminoides Wonga vine
Tecoma capensis* Cape Honeysuckle
Cactaceae Epiphyllum sp.* Moonlight Cactus
Epiphyllum sp.* Orchid Cactus
Opuntia sp.* Prickly Pear
Caesalpiniaceae Senna pendula var. glabrata* Easter cassia
Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina littoralis Black she-oak
Allocasuarina torulosa
Convolvulaceae Ipomoea indica* Blue morning glory
Crassulaceae Bryophyllum delagoense* Mother of Millions
Cupressaceae Callitris columellaris Coastal cypress pine
Ebenaceae Diospyros pentamera Myrtle Ebony
Elaeaocarpaceae Elaeocarpus grandis Blue quandong
Elaeocarpus obovatus Hard quandong
Epacridaceae Leucopogon margarodes
Monotoca scoparia Prickly-leaved monotoca
Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia Coffee Bush
Euphorbia milii* Crown of Thorns
Glochidion ferdinandi Cheese tree
Macaranga tanarius Macaranga
Mallotus philippensis Red kamala
Petalostigma triloculare Long-leaved bitter bark
Laminaceae Plectranthus verticillatus* Sweedish Ivy
Lauraceae Beilschmiedia obtusifolia Blush walnut
Cryptocarya glaucescens Jackwood
Cryptocarya macdonaldii Cooloola laurel
Endiandra discolor Rose walnut
Endiandra sieberi Hard corkwood
Neolitsea dealbata White Bolly Gum
Mimosaceae Acacia disparrima Brush ironbark wattle
Acacia maidenii Maiden’s wattle
Moraceae Ficus elastica* Rubber Tree
Ficus rubiginosa
Ficus watkinsiana
Trophis scandens Burney vine
Myrsinaceae Ardisia crenata* Coral Berry
Embelia australiana Embelia
Myrtaceae Acmena hemilampra Lilly pilly
Austromyrtus dulcis Midgenberry
Backhousia myrtifolia Grey myrtle
Eugenia uniflora* Brazilian cherry
Psidium guajava* Guava
Rhodamnia acuminata Coloola Ironwood
Rhodomyrtus psidiodes Native Guava
Syzygium oleosum Blue lilly pilly
Ochnaceae Ochna serrulata* Mickey mouse plant
Oleaceae Notelaea longifolia subspecies Large mock olive
glabra
Onagraceae Ludwigia octovalvis Willow primrose
Passifloraceae Passiflora suberosa* Corky Passion Vine
Piperaceae Piper novae-hollandiae Giant pepper vine
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Grouping and Family Botanical Name Common Name
Pittosporaceae Pittosporum revolutum Hairy pittosporum
Proteaceae Persoonia stradbrokensis Geebung
Rhamnaceae Alphitonia excelsa Red ash
Rutaceae Acronychia imperforata Beach Acronychia
Flindersia bennettiana Bennett’s ash
Phebalium woombye
Santalaceae Exocarpus latifolius Broad-leaved native cherry
Sapindaceae Alectryon coriaceus Beach alectryon
Cupaniopsis anacardioides Tuckeroo
Guioa semiglauca Guioa
Jagera pseudorhus Foambark
Mischocarpus pyriformis Yellow Pear Fruit
Rhysotoechia bifoliolata subsp. Two leaved tuckeroo
bifoliolata
Solanaceae Solanum seaforthianum* Climbing Nightshade
Sterculiaceae Sterculia quadrifida Red-fruited kurrajong
Thymelaeaceae Wikstroemia indica Wikstroemia
Ulmaceae Celtis paniculata Native Celtis
Verbenaceae Lantana camara* Lantana
Lantana montevidensis* Creeping Lantana
* Introduced species.
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APPENDIX 1 - HABITAT SUITABILITY ASSESSMENTS
HABITAT SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THREATENED FLORA SPECIES
Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species was not recorded
from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs on flat coastal lowland
plains, at altitudes of lower than 30m above sea level. Typically found in
Acacia attenuata Whipstick wattle
seasonally waterlogged areas of wet heathland or heathland margins, open
forest and woodland communities, and specifically on sandy poorly drained soils
or peat swamps which are infertile (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species was not recorded
Acacia baueri subsp. baueri Tiny wattle from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs in infertile and often
seasonally waterlogged sands in coastal heath (wallum) habitat and adjacent
plateaus and low open woodland (DEHP 2013).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species was not recorded
from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs in transition zones between
Acronychia littoralis Scented acronychia littoral rainforest and swamp sclerophyll forest; between littoral and coastal
cypress pine communities; and margins of littoral forest and cleared land. Found
on sand in humid, high rainfall zones (greater than 1600mm), within 2km of the
ocean (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: No heath vegetation communities occur on the subject site. This
species was not recorded from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs in
open and closed heath on fine-grained rhyolite rocky slopes (Mt Peregian) and in
wallum heath on undulating coastal plain. The soils range in texture from sands,
sandy loams and light to medium clays, usually with a weak acidic reaction.
Allocasuarina emuina Emu Mountain she-oak
Found in relatively flat, low-lying coastal areas at elevations of between 5 and
70m above sea level and on a range of inclinations from flat to slopes of 20
degrees. Dominant species of heathland habitat where Emu Mountain she-oak
occurs include Ptilanthium deustum, Hakea actites and Banksia oblongifolia
(Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely. Occurs mostly on well-drained sandy loam soils, which are often
Archidendron lovelliae Bacon wood
alluvial in origin and contain clay or deep podosols (Williams 1984).
Arthraxon hispidus Hairy-joint grass Unlikely: The well drained nature of the subject site limits the potential for the
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
occurrence of this species. This species was not recorded from the subject site
during onsite surveys. Occurs in or on the edge of rainforest and in wet eucalypt
forest, often near creeks or swamps, as well as in woodlands. In south-east
Queensland specifically, occurs around freshwater springs in shaded small
gullies, on creek banks, and on sandy alluvium creek beds in open forests (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely. Occurs in subtropical rainforest/notophyll vine forest and wet
sclerophyll forest (brush box woodland) with rainforest understorey between 150
and 550m above sea level. Soils are rich black or dark brown clay and loam
Baloghia marmorata Marbled balogia derived from basalt. Associated species can include Eucalyptus microcorys,
Archontophoenix cunninghamiana, Aphananthe philippinensis, Capparis arborea,
Planchonella australis, Ficus spp., Olea paniculata, Planchonella myrsinoides,
Brachychiton discolor, Mallotus claoxyloides, Drypetes deplancheri, and
Calamus muelleri (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species occurs in damp
Blandfordia grandiflora Christmas bells sandy and/or peaty soils in coastal and tableland heathland areas with high
water tables (Rbgsyd 2014). Also recorded in open forest heath understorey
(Australian Government 2014).
Possible: Host species occurs on site. The miniature moss-orchid is a host-
specific species, only growing on the hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamiama),
where it colonises the upper branches of mature trees. The hoop pine occurs in
Bulbophyllum globuliforme Miniature moss-orchid
upland (usually 100-900m above sea level) subtropical rainforest communities
that have a discontinuous distribution along the Australian east coast (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Occurs in lowland areas up to
20m above sea level in mixed eucalypt and Brushbox Lophostemon confertus
Boronia keysii Key’s boronia woodland to open forest ranging in height from 8-35m. Found on sandy soil
which is rich in humus, with the water table 0.6-0.9m below the surface (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely. Occurs in lowland subtropical rainforest up to 300m above sea
level. In the gold coast hinterland it grows on reddish loam over basalt
Bosistoa transversa Three-leaved bosistoa
rock on a very steep slope in complex notophyll vine forest with emergent
Brush Box (Lophostemon confertus). Associated canopy species include
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
White Booyong, Soft Corkwood (Caldcluvia paniculosa), Rosewood
(Dysoxylum fraserianum), Yellow Carabeen (Sloanea woollsii) and Giant
Water Gum (Syzygium francisii). At Buderim, Queensland, it has been
found in remnant vine forest pockets within highly disturbed and weed
infested habitats on a site with varying slope, from relatively flat to a
steep scree slope. The species appears to occur only in areas that have
experienced minimal disturbance (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species was not recorded
from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs in the Wet Tropics in the far
Carex breviscapa - north of Queensland, Cardwell to Mossman. Coastal ranges to Atherton
tablelands. Herbarium records indicate locations in tropical rainforests
containing watercourses (Australian Government 2014).
Possible: Suitable vegetation for this species is present within the subject site.
Occurs in coastal sands, or close to the coast, occurring in littoral rainforest on
old sand dunes and subtropical rainforests over slate and occasionally on basalt
to an altitude of 150 m. Associated species include Syzygium hemilamprum
(Broad-leaved Lilly Pilly), Acronychia imperforata (Beach Acronychia),
Cryptocarya foetida Stinking cryptocarya
Cryptocarya triplinervis (Three-veined Laurel), Cupaniopsis anacardioides
(Tuckeroo), Flindersia bennettiana (Bennet's Ash), Lophostemon confertus
(Brush Box) and Syzygium luehmannii (Small-leaved Lilly Pilly). Distribution,
Iluka on the north coast of New South Wales, to Fraser Island in Queensland
(Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely. This species occurs in a wide range of habitats including heathlands,
healthy woodlands, sedgelands, Xanthorrheoa spp. plains, dry sclerophyll forests
(shrub/grass sub-formation and shrubby sub-formation), forested wetlands,
Cryptostylis hunteriana Leafless tongue-orchid freshwater wetlands, grasslands, grassy woodlands, rainforests and wet
sclerophyll forests (grassy sub-formation). Found in soils that are generally
considered to be moist and sandy, however, this species is also known to grow in
dry or peaty soils (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species was not recorded
Eucalyptus conglomerata Swamp stringybark from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs on coastal flats up to 30m
above sea level. It occurs mostly in the ecotone between wet heath (wallum)
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
and tall open forest communities. The soils are infertile, deep and sandy or
peaty in texture. Drainage is poor and soils can be seasonally water-logged
(Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species was not recorded
from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs in Sandy coastal soils north of
Glycine argyrea Silver glycine
Noosa. Is restricted to the Wide Bay area within 1km of the coast. Often located
near sandstone cliffs (Australian Government 2014).
Possible: This orchid occurs in a range of habitats including rainforest, swamp
forest, grassland, heathland, coastal forest and on coastal headlands. This
species was not recorded from the subject site during onsite surveys. This orchid
occurs in at three locations in and around the great sandy national park between
Sunshine Coast and Maryborough. Found in areas of Melaleuca dominated
Habenaria harroldii - wallum. Moist greyish sandy soil in grassy areas & in roadside drain. Various
grasses, Banksia robur, Drosera spp., Pimelea linifolia, Westringia tenicaulis.
Also around Noosa. Topography mostly flat with low rolling hills. Sandstone
based soils. Sparse upper canopy of Eucalyptus signata, E. intermedia, Casuarina
littoralis, Melaleuca quinquenervia. Eucalyptus mainly on the slight rises
(Australian Government 2014). It is not considered a wetland indicator (DEHP
2013).
Unlikely. Occurs on creek flats, riverbanks and disturbed open woodland/forest
in proximity to water. Soils are well drained sandy alluvium. Often in
Lobelia membranacea - association with Lilly pilly, Eucalypt sp. Corymbia intermedia and Lophostemon
sp. Records of this species occur along all of eastern coast of Qld. (Australian
Government 2014).
Unlikely. Occurs in remnant rainforest, including complex mixed notophyll
forest, and prefers partially open areas such as rainforest edges. This species
can occur in areas with slopes ranging from level to steep and in a wide range of
Macadamia integrifolia Macadamia nut
landforms including hill crests, hill slopes, scree slopes and foot slopes, gullies,
benches and terrace plains. Occurs at altitudes ranging from 5–340m above sea
level (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely. Occurs in lowland warm complex notophyll vine forest and Araucarian
Small-fruited Queensland
Macadamia ternifolia notophyll vine forest on basic and intermediate volcanic soils and alluvia in
nut
higher rainfall areas of south-east Queensland. This species generally occurs in
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
south-facing gullies with fertile, basalt-derived krasnozem soils or the interface
between sandstone and basalt krasnozems. Surface soils tend to be dark, of
varying textures (sandy loams to light clays), slightly acid (pH 5.5–7.0) and well
drained (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: No heath vegetation is present of the subject site. This species was
not recorded from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs on dry heath,
coastal dunes, wallum and Eucalyptus forest on sand. Around Noosa it occurs in
Tristania conferta-Eucalyptus intermedia-Callitris columellaris open-forest with
Macarthuria complanata -
the lower tree layer of mainly Banksia semula. Also in wallum vegetation of
Banksia sp. and Leptospermum sp. Population are located around Noosa and in
the great sandy national park. A single individual is located east of Brisbane near
Victoria Point (Australian Government 2014).
Unlikely: Species is restricted to upland rainforest. This species was not
recorded from the subject site during onsite surveys. Occurs in NEQ and in
Richmond birdwing south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales but not in coastal
Pararistolochia praevenosa
butterfly vine central Queensland. Grows in upland rainforest on basaltic and metamorphic
rocks (CSIRO 2010). Occurs in in subtropical and littoral rainforests and also
gallery forests (Sands and Scott 2002).
Unlikely. This species is associated with coastal wet heath/sedgeland wetlands,
swampy grassland or swampy forest and often where broad-leaved paperbark
Phaius australis Lesser swamp-orchid (Melaleuca leucadendra) or Swamp Mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta) are found.
Less commonly, this species has been found in drier forest near the coast (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely. Occurs in semi-evergreen vine thicket on red volcanic soils, or in
communities adjacent to this vegetation type. Geology of the area in which this
species occurs is deeply weathered basalt with undulating to hilly terrain. Soils
range from red-brown earths to brown clays (derived from siltstone and
mudstones), and lithosols to shallow, gravelly krasnozems (very dark brown
Phebalium distans Mt Berryman phebalium
loam). Vegetation associations in which Mt Berryman Phebalium occur include
microphyll to notophyll vine forest with or without Araucaria cunninghamii and
low microphyll vine forest and semi-evergreen vine thicket with or without
Araucaria cunninghamii. Populations are known from near Mt Berryman,
Kingaroy (Mt Jones Plateau and surrounds) and Mt Walla (Coalston Lakes) (Dept.
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Environment 2012).
Unlikely. Occurs in wallum communities and adjacent stabilised dunes and
coastal Melaleuca swamp wetlands. Associated species include Broad-leaved
Paperbark (Melaleuca quinqinervia) and Swamp Banksia (Banksia robur). The
species is also known to be associated with RE12.2.1 open or dry heath on
Quaternary coastal dunes and beaches or sand plains with Leptospermum sp.,
Prasophyllum wallum Wallum leek-orchid
Leucopogon sp., Wedding Bush (Ricinocarpos pinifolius), Strangea linearis,
Daphne Heath (Brachyloma daphnoides), Small-leaved Geebung (Persoonia
virgata), Grass Trees (Xanthorrhoea sp.), Green Five Corners (Styphelia viridis),
Prickly Broom Heath (Monotoca scoparia), Snow Wreath (Woollsia pungens) and
stunted Black She-oak (Allocasuarina littoralis) (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: This tree generally occurs in very wet forest. The subject site is likely
Symplocos harroldii Hairy hazelwood to be too dry for this species. This species was not recorded from the subject
site during onsite surveys. Occurs in wet eucalypt forest, rainforest, RE 12.2.1,
RE 12.9-10.16, and RE 12.9-10.16x1 (Haslam 2014).
Possible: Notophyll vine forest mapped onsite. This species is restricted to a
small area on Queensland’s Sunshine Coast, between Pomona and Woombye,
mainly in the Maroochy River catchment area, covering a range of approximately
40km. Occurs mainly in notophyll vine forest, or mixed tall open forest
Triunia robusta Glossy spice bush developing a rainforest understorey in the absence of fire. Most populations
occur within 25m of streams, on south or south-east facing slopes or river
terraces, with a few populations at higher topographic positions away from
watercourses. Occurs on well-drained soil, either clayey sand, loamy sand or
loams, derived from felsite substrate, alluvium or arenite mudrock (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Vegetation community along the drainage lines are too narrow and are
not consistent with the structural complexity that is expected to support this
species. This species was not recorded from the subject site during onsite
Xanthostemon surveys. Predominantly occurs in riparian communities on slightly acid clayey
Southern penda
oppositifolius sands to sandy clays derived from sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks
(Dept. Environment 2016). Associated vegetation includes notophyll vine forest,
simple notophyll mixed tall closed forest, or in transitional rainforest where the
upper stratum is composed mostly of tall sclerophyll elements with rainforest
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
species restricted to a developing understorey or mid-storey (Barry & Thomas
1994).
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HABITAT SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THREATENED FAUNA AND MIGRATORY SPECIES
Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. The regent honeyeater is found
from Dalby in Queensland, south to Bendigo in Victoria, especially along the
ranges and the western slopes. However, its distribution is extremely patchy
with only a small number of known breeding sites. The estimated total
population is between 350 and 400 mature individuals. In south-east Queensland
it is found ranging from Cooloola, Great Sandy National Park to near the
Queensland-New South Wales border. In Queensland, breeding occurs regularly
west of Warwick by a small number of individual regent honeyeaters. Potential
Anthochaera phrygia Regent honeyeater habitat for this species includes dry eucalypt woodland and open forest, rural
and urban areas with mature eucalypts. It favours ironbark-box associations,
mugga ironbark Eucalyptus sideroxylon, white box (E. albens), yellow box (E.
melliodora). Other habitat includes swamp mahogany (E. robusta), or spotted
gum (Corymbia maculata) or river she-oak (Casuarina cunninghamiana) with
associated needle-leaf mistletoe (Amyena cambagei). This species generally
prefers wetter, more fertile sites that are reliable nectar producers (both in
timing and quantity), such as creek flats, river valleys and lower slopes (NSW
OEH 2014).
Possible. This species occurs over dry or open habitats, including riparian
woodland and tea-tree swamps, low scrub, heathland or saltmarsh. They are
also found at treeless grassland and sandplains covered with spinifex, open
farmland and inland and coastal sand-dunes. The sometimes occur above
rainforests, wet sclerophyll forest or open forest or plantations of pines. They
Apus pacificus Fork-tailed swift
forage aerially, up to hundreds of metres above ground, but also less then 1 m
above open areas or over water. They probably roost aerially, but are
occasionally observed to land. They are widespread but scattered in coastal
areas from 20° S, south to Brisbane and in much of the south south-eastern
region (Dept. Environment 2012).
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Unlikely. This species occurs in terrestrial freshwater wetlands and, rarely,
estuarine habitats. It favours wetlands with tall, dense vegetation, where it
forages in still, shallow water up to 0.3m deep, often at the edges of pools or
waterways, or from platforms or mats of vegetation over deep water. The
Botaurus poiciloptilus Australasian bittern
species favours permanent and seasonal freshwater habitats, particularly those
dominated by sedges, rushes and/or reeds (e.g. Phragmites, Cyperus,
Eleocharis, Juncus, Typha, Baumea, Bolboschoenus) or cutting grass (Gahnia)
growing over muddy or peaty substrate (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Suitable habitat for this species
Calidris canutus Red knot includes tidal reefs and pools, weed-covered rocks, pebbly, shelly and sandy
shores with stranded seaweed, and mudflats (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Suitable habitat for this species
Calidris ferruginea Curlew sandpiper includes tidal reefs and pools, weed-covered rocks, pebbly, shelly and sandy
shores with stranded seaweed, and mudflats (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Suitable habitat for this species
Calidris tenuirostris Great knot includes tidal reefs and pools, weed-covered rocks, pebbly, shelly and sandy
shores with stranded seaweed, and mudflats (Dept. Environment 2012).
Likely: A relatively small number of these trees were present on the site and
the species has been recorded in the vicinity of the site. The species is
uncommon although widespread from the central Queensland coast to East
Gippsland in Victoria, and inland to the southern tablelands and central western
Calyptorhynchus lathami Glossy black-cockatoo plains of NSW, with a small population in the Riverina. An isolated population
lathami (eastern) exists on Kangaroo Island, SA. This species inhabits open forest and woodlands of
the coast and the Great Dividing Range where it feeds almost exclusively on the
seeds of several species of she-oak. Black sheoak (Allocasuarina littoralis) and
forest sheoak (A. torulosa) are important foods. This species is dependent on
large hollow-bearing eucalypts for nest sites (NSW OEH 2014).
Chalinolobus dwyeri Large-eared pied Bat Unlikely. This species requires a combination of sandstone cliff/escarpment to
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
provide roosting habitat that is adjacent to higher fertility sites, particularly box
gum woodlands or river/rainforest corridors which are used for foraging. Almost
all records have been found within several kilometres of cliff lines or rocky
terrain. Roosting has also been observed in disused mine shafts, caves,
overhangs and disused Fairy Martin (Hirundo ariel) nests. It also possibly roosts
in the hollows of trees. The structure of primary nursery roosts appears to be
very specific, i.e. arch caves with dome roofs (that need to be deep enough to
allow juvenile bats to learn to fly safely inside) and with indentations in the roof
(presumably to allow the capture of heat). These physical characteristics are not
very common in the landscape and therefore a limiting factor (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Suitable habitat for this species
Charadrius leschenaultii Greater sand plover includes tidal reefs and pools, weed-covered rocks, pebbly, shelly and sandy
shores with stranded seaweed, and mudflats (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Suitable habitat for this species
Charadrius mongolus Lesser sand plover includes tidal reefs and pools, weed-covered rocks, pebbly, shelly and sandy
shores with stranded seaweed, and mudflats (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species inhabits acidic
wetlands (pH 4.3-5.2) within Melaleuca swamps, sedgeland, wet or dry
heathland and wallum/woodland areas in the sandy coastal lowlands (<100m
Crinia tinnula Wallum froglet ASL) of south-east Queensland. Occasionally animals occur in adjacent forests
with a heathy understorey, and are known to persist in disturbed wallum habitat
such as 4WD-impacted sites, roadsides, quarry site, and exotic pine plantations
and partly cleared areas (DEHP 2013).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species is found in monsoon
Cuculus optatus Oriental cuckoo forests, the edges of rainforests, treed paddocks, mangroves, roadsides and river
flats (Pizzey & Knight 1997).
Cyclopsitta diophthalma Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. While this species predominantly
Coxen's fig-parrot
coxeni
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
occupies a range of rainforest habitats, it specifically occurs in association with
a high diversity of fig species. This species inhabits a spectrum of rainforest
types (Araucarian rainforest, warm subtropical rainforest, cool subtropical
rainforest and cool temperate rainforest) from sea level to approximately 1000m
altitude. This species also use thin strips of gallery rainforest, littoral rainforest
and coastal bloodwood, melaleuca and cabbage palm forest where fig densities
are high. This species has also been reported from riparian corridors through
woodland, open woodland and cleared land where fig or other food trees occur,
as well as from isolated fruiting trees in gardens and cultivated farmlands.
(DEHP 2013).
Unlikely. This species is found within most treed habitats and is most abundant
in broken, rocky country and in open eucalypt forest within 150 km of the coast.
Northern quoll habitat generally encompasses some form of rocky area for
Dasyurus hallucatus Northern quoll
denning purposes. In Queensland Northern quolls are more likely to be present
in high relief areas that have shallower soils, greater cover of boulders, less fire
impact and were closer to permanent water (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely. This species occurs in coastal areas and adjacent ranges of South-east
Queensland from Bundaberg to the border and inland to Monto and Stanthorpe
(Dept. Environment 2012). It generally occurs in densely vegetated areas ranging
from rainforest and vine-forest through to dry and wet eucalypt forest,
woodland and coastal heathland (DEHP 2013). Transient males are sometimes
Dasyurus maculatus seen in more open areas, including land cleared for pasture (DEHP 2013). The
maculatus (SE mainland Spot-tailed quoll
Spot-tailed Quoll is predominantly nocturnal and rests during the day in dens.
population)
Habitat requirements include suitable den sites such as hollow logs, tree
hollows, rock outcrops or caves (Dept. Environment 2012). Individuals also
require an abundance of food, such as birds and small mammals, and large areas
of relatively intact vegetation through which to forage (Dept. Environment
2012).
Delma torquata Collared delma Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Due to specific habitat
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
requirements, this species distribution is highly fragmented and restricted to
only a few locations. The Collared Delma is known from the western suburbs of
Brisbane, QLD and the following sites: Bunya Mountains, Blackdown Tableland
National Park (NP), Bullyard Conservation Park, D'Aguilar Range NP, Expedition
NP, Naumgna and Lockyer Forest Reserves, Western Creek near Millmerran and
the Toowoomba Range (Dept. Environment 2012). This species inhabits eucalypt
dominated woodland and open forest where it is associated with suitable micro-
habitats (exposed rocky outcrops). The ground cover is predominantly native
grasses, such as Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra), Barbed-wire Grass
(Cymbopogon refractus), Wiregrass (Aristida sp.) and Lomandra (Lomandra sp.)
(Dept. Environment 2012). The presence of rocks, logs, bark and other coarse
woody debris, and mats of leaf litter (typically 30–100mm thick) appears to be
an essential characteristic of the collared delma microhabitat and is always
present where the species occurs (Dept. Environment 2012). Whilst Collared
delmas are often found associated with small rocks, the presence of small rocks
is not an essential habitat characteristic (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species occupies open
forests and woodlands along rivers and wetlands and rainforest fringes. In NSW
Erythrotriorchis radiatus Red goshawk
favoured habitat includes Melaleuca forest along coastal rivers (Debus 1991,
1993).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Beach Stone-curlews are found
exclusively along the coast, on a wide range of beaches, islands, reefs and in
estuaries, and may often be seen at the edges of or near mangroves. They
forage in the intertidal zone of beaches and estuaries, on islands, flats, banks
Esacus magnirostris Beach stone-curlew
and spits of sand, mud, gravel or rock, and among mangroves. Beach Stone-
curlews breed above the littoral zone, at the backs of beaches, or on sandbanks
and islands, among low vegetation of grass, scattered shrubs or low trees; also
among open mangroves (Dept. Environment 2012).
Fregetta grallaria grallaria White bellied storm-petrel Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species is pelagic and breeds
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
(Australasian) in the Antarctic and Subantarctic regions (Dept. Environment 2012).
Possible. This species occurs flying over most types of habitat, they are probably
recorded most often above wooded areas, including open forest and rainforest,
and may also fly between trees or in clearings, below the canopy, but they are
Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated needletail
less commonly recorded flying above woodland. It is recorded in all coastal
regions of Queensland and NSW and almost always forage aerially (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. The Swift parrot migrates from
its Tasmanian breeding grounds to overwinter in the box-ironbark forests and
Lathamus discolor Swift parrot woodlands of Victoria, NSW and southern Queensland. In south-eastern
Queensland, Narrow-leaved ironbark and Forest red gum forests are commonly
utilized (Kennedy and Tzaros 2005, Swift Parrot Recovery Team 2001).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. Suitable habitat for this species
includes temporary coastal swamps with acidic waters (wallum) (Queensland
Litoria freycineti Wallum rocketfrog Museum 1995). These areas typically have low nutrient soils, heathlands,
sedgelands, Melaleuca swamps and Banksia woodlands. Breeding occurs in
shallow water.
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species inhabits and breeds
in acidic, permanent to ephemeral, freshwater wetlands with emergent reeds,
ferns and/or sedges in undisturbed coastal wallum. This species may also be
found around creeks and freshwater lakes in coastal wallum. This species is
typically found below 20m ASL, and always above tidal influence. Water is
Litoria olongburensis Wallum sedge frog typically nutrient poor, acidic (pH between 3.5 and 6.0), clear, still and tannin
stained. In general, vegetation types where the species may occur include wet
and dry heathlands, sedgelands, woodlands and forests. Under wet conditions
(i.e. resulting from significant rainfall events), this species is also known to
utilize heathlands, grasslands, woodlands and forests adjoining breeding habitats
in wallum environments and on near-coastal alluvial (clay) plains (Dept.
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Environment 2012).
Possible. This species occurs in rainforest ecosystems, including semi-deciduous
vine-thickets, complex notophyll vine-forest, tropical (mesophyll) rainforest,
subtropical (notophyll) rainforest, mesophyll (broadleaf) thicket/shrubland,
warm temperate rainforest, dry (monsoon) rainforest and (occasionally) cool
Monarcha melanopsis Black-faced monarch temperate rainforest. During winter or migration, this species also occurs in
marginal habitats such as 20-30 years old regrowth rainforest, nearby open
eucalypt forest (mainly wet sclerophyll forests), especially in gullies with a
dense, shrubby understorey as well as dry sclerophyll forests and woodlands,
often with a patchy understorey. (Dept. Environment 2012).
Possible. This species occupies the understorey of mountain/lowland
Monarcha trivirgatus Spectacled monarch rainforests, thickly wooded gullies, and waterside vegetation; mostly well below
the canopy, and occasionally mangroves (Pizzey & Knight 1997).
Unlikely. This species occurs in heavily vegetated gullies in eucalypt-dominated
forests and taller woodlands, and on migration, occurs in coastal forests,
Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin flycatcher
woodlands, mangroves and drier woodland and open forests (Dept. Environment
2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species is found in acidic
freshwater systems running through sandy Banksia dominated heath or wallum
Nannoperca oxleyana Oxleyan pygmy perch
communities, or occasionally creeks that have run out of wallum areas (Dept.
Environment 2016).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This wading species is usually
Numenius madagascariensis Eastern curlew associated with estuaries, bays and lagoons where intertidal mud and sandflats
occur. Occasionally also found on beaches, reefs and rocky islets.
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed on site. This species is found in littoral
and coastal habitats around the country, occasionally following large
Pandion halietus Osprey
watercourses inland. It requires extensive open areas of water for foraging
(Dept. Environment 2016).
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species inhabits tall, mature
Petauroides volans Greater glider eucalypt forests and woodlands (Queensland Museum 1995). Requires large tree
hollows for shelter (Menkhorst and Knight 2001).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. In south-east Queensland, this
species is usually found in dense, closed heathlands, or open Banksia woodlands
Pezoporus wallicus wallicus Ground parrot
with dense heath understories. It requires a high density of food plants such as
sedges from the families Cyperaceae or Restionaceae (Dept. Environment 2016).
Unlikely. This species inhabit a range of temperate, sub-tropical and tropical
forest, woodland and semi-arid communities where suitable food trees are
present. The koala is a leaf-eating specialist that feeds primarily during dawn,
dusk or night. Its diet is restricted mainly to foliage of Eucalyptus spp; however,
Phascolarctos cinereus Koala it may also consume foliage of related genera, including Corymbia spp.,
Angophora spp. and Lophostemon spp. The Koala may, at times, supplement its
diet with other species, including Leptospermum spp. and Melaleuca spp. (Dept.
Environment 2012). No eucalypts or other suitable forage species occur on the
site.
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species is found below the
Phyllodes imperialis altitude of 600 m in undisturbed, subtropical rainforest and occurs in association
Pink underwing moth
smithersi
with the vine Carronia multisepalea (Dept. Environment 2016).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. The black-throated finch
(southern) occurs at two general locations: in the Townsville region and at
scattered sites in central-eastern Queensland (between Aramac and Great Basalt
Wall National Park). This species occurs mainly in grassy, open woodlands and
Southern black-throated forests, typically dominated by Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Melaleuca, and
Poephila cincta cincta
finch
occasionally in tussock grasslands or other habitats (for example freshwater
wetlands), often along or near watercourses, or in the vicinity of water. The
species is thought to require a mosaic of different habitats in which it can find
seed during the wet season. Some of the more common species of eucalypts in
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
woodlands and forests frequented by the subspecies include Narrow-leaved
Ironbark (E. crebra), River Red Gum (E. camaldulensis), Silver-leaved Ironbark
(E. melanophloia), Reid River Box (E. brownii), Yellowjacket (E. similis) and
Forest Red Gum (E. tereticornis). The subspecies occasionally occurs in
Melaleuca woodlands, or in grasslands comprised of genera such as Astrebla,
Dichanthium or Panicum (Dept. Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species inhabits acidic
aquatic environments, such as lakes, streams and wetlands within coastal
Pseudomugil mellis Honey blue eye
wallum heath environments. It is usually found in areas of little or no flow with
dense vegetation for shelter.
Known: this species was recorded onsite. This species occurs in subtropical and
temperate rainforests, tall sclerophyll forests and woodlands, heaths and
swamps as well as urban gardens and cultivated fruit crops (NSW OEH 2014). This
species feeds on the nectar and pollen of native trees, in particular Eucalyptus,
Melaleuca and Banksia, and fruits of rainforest trees and vines. It also feeds on
commercial fruit crops and on introduced tree species in urban areas (NSW OEH
2014). The grey-headed flying-fox roosts in aggregations of various sizes on
Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed flying-fox exposed branches. Roost sites are generally located within 20 km of a regular
food source (NSW OEH 2014) and are typically located near water, such as lakes,
rivers or the coast (Dept. Environment 2012). Roost vegetation includes
rainforest patches, stands of Melaleuca, mangroves and riparian vegetation, but
colonies also use highly modified vegetation in urban and suburban areas (Dept.
Environment 2012). The species can maintain fidelity to roost sites for extended
periods, although new sites have been colonised (NSW OEH 2014, Dept.
Environment 2012).
Possible. In east and south-east Australia, the Rufous Fantail mainly inhabits wet
sclerophyll forests, often in gullies dominated by eucalypts such as Tallow-wood
Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous fantail
(Eucalyptus microcorys), Mountain Grey Gum (E. cypellocarpa), Narrow-leaved
Peppermint (E. radiata), Mountain Ash (E. regnans), Alpine Ash (E.
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
delegatensis), Blackbutt (E. pilularis) or Red Mahogany (E. resinifera); usually
with a dense shrubby understorey often including ferns. They also occur in
subtropical and temperate rainforests; for example near Bega in south-east
NSW, where they are recorded in temperate Lilly Pilly (Acmena smithi)
rainforest, with Grey Myrtle (Backhousia myrtifolia), Sassafras (Doryphora
sassafras) and Sweet Pittosporum (Pittosporum undulatum) subdominants. They
occasionally occur in secondary regrowth, following logging or disturbance in
forests or rainforests. When on passage, they are sometimes recorded in drier
sclerophyll forests and woodlands, including Spotted Gum (Eucalyptus
maculata), Yellow Box (E. melliodora), ironbarks or stringybarks, often with a
shrubby or heath understorey. They are also recorded from parks and gardens
when on passage. In north and north-east Australia, they often occur in tropical
rainforest and monsoon rainforests, including semi-evergreen mesophyll vine
forests, semi-deciduous vine thickets or thickets of Paperbarks (Melaleuca spp.)
(Dept. Environment 2016).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species inhabits shallow
terrestrial freshwater (occasionally brackish) wetlands, including temporary and
permanent lakes, swamps and claypans. They also use inundated or waterlogged
grassland or saltmarsh, dams, rice crops, sewage farms and bore drains. Typical
sites include those with rank emergent tussocks of grass, sedges, rushes or
reeds, or samphire; often with scattered clumps of lignum Muehlenbeckia or
canegrass or sometimes tea-tree (Melaleuca). The species sometimes utilises
Rostratula australis Australian painted snipe
areas that are lined with trees, or that have some scattered fallen or washed-up
timber. Breeding habitat requirements may be quite specific: shallow wetlands
with areas of bare wet mud and both upper and canopy cover nearby. Nest
records are all, or nearly all, from or near small islands in freshwater wetlands ,
provided that these islands are a combination of very shallow water, exposed
mud, dense low cover and sometimes some tall dense cover (Dept. Environment
2012).
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Scientific Name Common Name Likelihood of Occurring on the Site
Unlikely. This species inhabits rainforest and occasionally moist eucalypt forest,
on loamy or sandy soils. This species feeds on earthworms and beetle grubs and
Three-toed snake-tooth is found in leaf litter, often immediately adjacent to fallen tree trunks (Dept.
Saiphos reticulatus
skink
Environment 2012). While some suitable habitat may occur on the site, this
habitat is isolated and unlikely to sustain populations of this species.
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species is restricted to
rainforests and forests, mostly in areas with 770-1200 mm rainfall per annum.
They prefer drier low closed forests, particularly semi-evergreen vine thicket,
low microphyll vine forest, araucarian microphyll vine forest and araucarian
Black-breasted button- notophyll vine forest. This species may also be found in low, dense acacia
Turnix melanogaster
quail thickets and, in littoral area, in vegetation behind sand dunes. An extensive
dense leaf-litter layer is required for foraging and possibly also roosting. Fallen
logs and a dense, heterogeneously distributed shrub layers are also considered
to be important habitat characteristics for shelter and breeding (Dept.
Environment 2012).
Unlikely: Suitable habitat not observed onsite. This species inhabits mangrove
Xeromys myoides Water mouse communities and associated saltmarsh, sedgelands, clay pans, and heathlands as
well as adjacent freshwater wetlands (NSW OEH 2014).
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APPENDIX 3 – STATE DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT PROVISIONS (SDAP) MODULE 8: CLEARING NATIVE
VEGETATION
TABLE 1.3 - GENERAL
Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
Clearing to reasonably avoid and minimise impacts
PO1 Clearing only occurs where the No acceptable outcome is prescribed. The proposed development has been designed to
applicant has demonstrated that the maximise use of those areas on the site that have
development has first reasonably been designated for residential purposes.
avoided, and then reasonably
minimised the impacts of
development.
Clearing on land in particular circumstances
PO2 Clearing in an area must not be No acceptable outcome is prescribed. The proposed clearing is not inconsistent, nor will it
inconsistent with or impact on any impact on, any of the listed items.
of the following unless a better
environmental outcome can be
achieved:
(1) a declared area, or
(2) an exchange area, or
(3) unlawfully cleared area, or
(4) a restoration notice, or
(5) an enforcement notice under
the Sustainable Planning Act
2009 issued for a vegetation
clearing offence, or
(6) a compliance notice containing
conditions about the restoration
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
of vegetation, or
(7) a Land Act notice, or
(8) a trespass notice if the trespass
related act under the Land Act
1994 for the notice is the
clearing of vegetation on the
relevant land, or
(9) an area on a PMAV shown to be
category A where the chief
executive of the VMA reasonably
believes that a vegetation
clearing offence is being, or has
been, committed in relation to
the area.
Clearing on land that is an environmental offset area
PO3 Clearing on land that contains AO3.1 Clearing is consistent with the offset
an existing environmental offset is delivery plan or agreement for the environmental
consistent with the delivery plan or offset area. N/A
agreement for the environmental
offset area. OR
Editor’s note: Environmental offset AO3.2 An additional environmental offset is
agreements may also be described provided that is consistent with the relevant
as an ‘agreed delivery arrangement’ Queensland Environmental Offsets Policy.
or ‘delivery agreement’. Clearing N/A
should be consistent with any
agreement however described.
TABLE 8.1.4: PUBLIC SAFETY, RELEVANT INFRASTRUCTURE AND COORDINATED PROJECTS
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
Wetlands
PO2 Maintain the current extent of AO2.1 Clearing does not occur in or within 100 Clearing will not occur within 100m of any natural
vegetation associated with any metres of any natural wetland.
natural wetland to protect: wetland.
OR
(1) water quality by filtering
sediments, nutrients and other AO2.2 Clearing only occurs within 100 metres of
pollutants any natural wetland where:
(2) aquatic habitat (1) the clearing does not occur within 50 metres of
the defining bank of any natural wetland, or
(3) terrestrial habitat.
(2) the widths stipulated by Table 1 are not
exceeded.
OR
AO2.3 Where it can be demonstrated that clearing
cannot be reasonably avoided, and the extent of
clearing has been reasonably minimised, an
environmental offset is provided for any significant
residual impacts from clearing of vegetation
associated with a natural wetland.
Editor’s note: Applications for development should
identify whether there is likely to be a significant
residual impact and a need for an environmental
offset having regard to Section 3.3 (Wetlands and
watercourses) of the Significant Residual Impact
Guideline and the relevant Queensland
Environmental Offsets Policy.
Watercourses and drainage features
PO3 Maintain the current extent of AO3.1 Clearing does not occur:
vegetation associated with any
watercourse or drainage feature to (1) in any watercourse or drainage feature, or
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
protect: (2) within the relevant distance stipulated by
Table 2 of the defining bank of any
(1) bank stability by protecting
watercourse or drainage feature.
against bank erosion
OR
(2) water quality by filtering
sediments, nutrients and other AO3.2 Clearing only occurs within any watercourse While clearing will occur within an area of Of
pollutants or drainage feature, or within the relevant Concern regional ecosystem, much of this will occur
distance stipulated by Table 2 of the defining bank within areas zoned for urban areas, and exemptions
(3) aquatic habitat of any watercourse or drainage feature where: therefore apply. The remaining clearing has been
(4) terrestrial habitat. minimised as far as possible and will comprise less
(1) the clearing does not occur within 5 metres of than 0.5 ha.
the defining bank, or
(2) the widths stipulated by Table 1 is not Clearing will not occur within 5m of the defining
exceeded bank.
OR
AO3.3 Where it can be demonstrated that clearing
cannot be reasonably avoided, and the extent of
clearing has been reasonably minimised, an
environmental offset is provided for any significant
residual impact from clearing of vegetation
associated with any watercourse or drainage
feature.
Editor’s note: Applications for development should
identify whether there is likely to be a significant
residual impact and a need for an environmental
offset having regard to Section 3.3 (Wetlands and
watercourses) of the Significant Residual Impact
Guideline and the relevant Queensland
Environmental Offsets Policy.
Connectivity (public safety and relevant infrastructure)
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
PO4 In consideration of vegetation AO4.1 Clearing occurs in accordance with Table 3. Vegetation to be retained will be of a sufficient size
on the subject lot(s) and in the and configured in such a way that current
landscape adjacent to the subject connectivity values are maintained. The site
lot(s), vegetation is retained that: currently holds limited connectivity value in the
context of the locality and clearing of a small
(1) is of sufficient size and proportion of vegetation is not expected to impact
configured in a way that on movement opportunities for local fauna.
maintains ecosystem functioning Rehabilitation works will reduce threatening
processes acting on the site and ensure that the
(2) remains in the landscape
vegetation continues to contribute positively to the
despite threatening processes. local landscape.
Connectivity (coordinated projects)
PO5 In consideration of vegetation AO5.1 Clearing occurs in accordance with Table 3.
on the subject lot(s) and in the
OR
N/A
landscape adjacent to the subject
lot(s), vegetation is retained that:
AO5.2 Where it can be demonstrated that clearing
(1) is of sufficient size and cannot be reasonably avoided, and the extent of
configured in a way that clearing has been reasonably minimised, an
maintains ecosystem functioning environmental offset is provided for any significant
residual impact from clearing of vegetation that
(2) remains in the landscape forms a connectivity area.
despite threatening processes
Editor’s note: Applications for development should N/A
or where this is not reasonably identify whether there is likely to be a significant
possible, maintain the current residual impact and a need for an environmental
extent of vegetation. offset having regard to Section 3.2 (Connectivity
areas) of the Significant Residual Impact Guideline
and the relevant Queensland Environmental
Offsets Policy.
Soil erosion
PO6 Clearing does not result in: AO6.1 Clearing is undertaken in accordance with a Clearing will be undertaken in accordance with a
sediment and erosion control plan which avoids sediment and erosion control plan which avoids and
(1) mass movement, gully erosion, minimises land degradation.
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
rill erosion, sheet erosion, and minimises land degradation.
tunnel erosion, stream bank
OR
erosion, wind erosion, or
scalding AO6.2 The application is a development
(2) any associated loss of chemical, application where a local government is the
assessment manager.
physical or biological fertility—
including, but not limited to
water holding capacity, soil
structure, organic matter, soil
biology, and nutrients
within or outside the lot(s) that are
the subject of the application.
Salinity
PO7 Clearing does not contribute to AO7.1 Clearing does not occur in or within 200 Clearing will not occur in or within 200 metres of a
land degradation through: metres of a discharge area or recharge area.
discharge area or recharge area.
(1) waterlogging, or OR
(2) the salinisation of groundwater, AO7.2 Clearing is less than: Clearing will occupy a total area of less than 2 ha.
surface water or soil.
(1) 2 hectares, or
(2) 10 metres wide.
Conserving endangered and of concern regional ecosystems
PO8 Maintain the current extent of AO8.1 Clearing does not occur in:
endangered regional ecosystems and
of concern regional ecosystems. (1) an endangered regional ecosystem, or
(2) an of concern regional ecosystem.
OR
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
AO8.2 Clearing in an endangered regional While clearing will occur within an area of Of
ecosystem or an of concern regional ecosystem Concern regional ecosystem, much of this will occur
does not exceed the width or area prescribed in within areas zoned for urban areas, and exemptions
Table 1. therefore apply. The remaining clearing has been
minimised as far as possible and will comprise less
OR than 0.5 ha.
AO8.3 Where it can be demonstrated that clearing
cannot be reasonably avoided, and the extent of
clearing has been reasonably minimised, an
environmental offset is provided for any significant
residual impact from clearing of endangered
regional ecosystems and of concern regional
ecosystems.
Editor’s note: Applications for development should
identify whether there is likely to be a significant
residual impact and a need for an environmental
offset having regard to Section 3.1 (Regulated
vegetation) of the Significant Residual Impact
Guideline and the relevant Queensland
Environmental Offsets Policy.
Essential habitat
PO9 Maintain the current extent of AO9.1 Clearing does not occur in an area of While the site is mapped as containing essential
essential habitat. essential habitat. habitat for the Wallum froglet and Wallum
rocketfrog, site inspections have determined that
OR the habitat present on the site is not suitable for
these species i.e. schlerophyll forest cf. wallum
heath/sedgeland. It is therefore not considered that
any impact on essential habitat for these species will
be incurred.
AO9.2 Clearing in essential habitat does not
exceed the widths or areas prescribed in Table 1.
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
OR
AO9.3 Clearing only occurs where an area of
essential habitat is isolated and small in size and at
risk from threatening processes, for the prescribed
species.
OR
AO9.4 Where it can be demonstrated that clearing
cannot be reasonably avoided, and the extent of
clearing has been reasonably minimised, an
environmental offset is provided for any significant
residual impact from clearing of essential habitat.
Editor’s note: Applications for development should
identify whether there is likely to be a significant
residual impact and a need for an environmental
offset having regard to Section 3.1 (Regulated
vegetation) of the Significant Residual Impact
Guideline and the relevant Queensland
Environmental Offsets Policy.
Acid sulfate soils
PO10 Clearing activities do not AO10.1 Clearing does not occur in land zone 1,
result in disturbance of acid sulfate land zone 2 or land zone 3.
soils or changes to the hydrology of
the location that will either: OR
(1) aerate horizons containing iron AO10.2 Clearing in land zone 1, land zone 2 or land Clearing will not occur below 5m AHD.
sulfides, or zone 3 in areas below the 5 metre Australian
Height Datum only occurs where:
(2) mobilise acid or metals.
(1) it does not involve mechanical clearing
(2) the acid sulfate soils are managed consistent
with the State Planning Policy, Department
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Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Response Comment
of State Development infrastructure and
Planning 2014, and with the Soil Management
Guidelines in the Queensland Acid Sulfate
Soil Technical Manual, Department of
Science, Information Technology, Innovation
and the Arts, 2014.
OR
AO10.3 The application is a development
application where a local government is the
assessment manager.
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APPENDIX 2 - THE NOOSA PLAN 2006 - BIODIVERSITY OVERLAY CODE ASSESSMENT
Specific Outcomes Probable Solutions Response
13.9 Vegetation retention and conservation 1
Environmental Protection Area & S1.1 An Ecological Assessment Report This Ecological Assessment Report has been
Environmental Enhancement Area prepared in accordance with Planning prepared in accordance with PSP 18. It has
Vegetation & Riparian Buffer Area Scheme Policy 18 – Ecological Assessment identified that vegetation occurring on the
Guidelines demonstrates that the flora on site is degraded and heavily infested with
O1 Vegetation of local origin local origin on the
2 premises does not constitute weeds. It is not considered to constitute
premises identified as— Environmental Protection Area or habitat for any significant population of
a) Environmental Protection Area 3 or Environmental Enhancement Area threatened fauna and is of minimal corridor
Riparian Buffer Area on the Biodiversity vegetation 5 value in the context of the locality.
Overlay Maps OM1.1 to OM9.1, is retained
and conserved in its present form or OR Despite this, the development proposal has
improved to ensure its ongoing sited buildings within areas zoned for
contribution to the natural resources and S1.2 Where constructing a Detached House; residential purposes as far as possible, and
biological diversity of the former Noosa or Community residence interference with will retain and rehabilitate a large
Shire; and vegetation does not extend beyond— proportion of vegetation to ensure fauna
b) Environmental Enhancement Area4 on a) 30m of a building or 10m of a structure habitat values persist into the future.
Biodiversity Overlay Maps OM1.1 – OM9.1, on lots greater than 10ha; or
is protected from the impacts of b) 10m of a building or structure on lots
development by— 10ha or less but more than 0.3ha; or
(i). avoiding edge effects; c) 3m of a building or structure on lots
(ii). avoiding fragmentation; and 0.3ha or less.
(iii). maintaining vegetation in manageable
1 PSP18 Ecological Assessment Guidelines details information Council may require as part of an information request.
2 Local origin is defined in the Dictionary (Part 2 Interpretation)
3 Refer to Council’s Vegetation of Noosa Shire study for further details on what constitutes Environmental Protection vegetation.
4 Refer to Council’s Vegetation of Noosa Shire study for further details on what constitutes Environmental Enhancement vegetation.
5 This solution does not apply to the Riparian Buffer Area.
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Specific Outcomes Probable Solutions Response
and viable configurations. S2.1 Where interference with vegetation on
the premises is for the purpose of
AND Reconfiguring a Lot—
a) new boundaries to lots do not transect
O2 For the purpose of Reconfiguring a Lot and fragment existing vegetation;
new lots are only created where they b) new lots are created to allow for suitable
minimise the fragmentation and maximise house site areas or other future buildings
the retention of existing vegetation. and works to be located within existing
cleared areas or areas of low ecological
O3 Interference with vegetation only occurs value; and
where— c) building envelopes are designated for
a) no other suitable cleared or partially each lot.
cleared area is available on the premises;
b) the development minimises the total S3.1 No solution provided
footprint within which all activities,
buildings, structures, driveways and
other works are contained; and
c) the development is located in areas of
low ecological value over other areas, to
the greatest extent practicable.
Environmental Protection category
Vegetation that falls within the
Environmental Protection category comprises
regional ecosystems that possess at least one
of the following environmental values or
criteria—
The regional conservation status under
the Queensland Vegetation Management
Act 1999 is “Endangered”;
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Specific Outcomes Probable Solutions Response
It forms habitat for rare, threatened or
protected fauna species, as identified in
Vegetation of Noosa Shire;
It is rare or naturally restricted regionally
or locally, as identified in Vegetation of
Noosa Shire; or
The extent reserved within protected
areas in Noosa is ‘low’, as identified in
Vegetation of Noosa Shire.
Environmental Enhancement category
Vegetation that falls within the
Environmental Enhancement category
comprises regional ecosystems that possess
at least one of the following environmental
values or criteria—
The regional conservation status under
the Queensland Vegetation Management
Act 1999 is “Of Concern”; or
The extent reserved within protected
areas in Noosa is ‘medium’, as identified
in Vegetation of Noosa Shire.
Wetlands No wetlands are mapped on the site. This
was confirmed during site assessments.
O4 Wetlands are protected from removal or S4.1 A minimum separation distance of 100m
degradation and any adverse impacts on is provided between a wetland and any
wetlands are prevented, minimised or adjacent development or use.
mitigated by—
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a) maintaining adequate separation
between the wetland and any adjacent
development or use6;
b) minimising any modification of the
natural characteristics of the wetland,
including the topography, surface and
groundwater hydrology, water quality
and flora and fauna species;
c) preventing any new development within
wetlands;
d) minimising access to the wetland;
e) minimising impacts associated with pest
insect control and invasion by
undesirable plant species; and
f) providing for the rehabilitation and
replanting of degraded wetlands.
Riparian Buffer Area The site is not mapped as occurring within a
Riparian Buffer Area.
O5 The biodiversity and ecosystem values of S5.1 No new development occurs on, or
watercourses, drainage lines, wetlands and partly on, premises indicated as Riparian
adjacent riparian zones are protected by— Buffer Area on Biodiversity Overlay Maps
a) avoiding any new development in the OM1.1 to OM9.1, except for—
riparian buffer area; a) temporary use of the land; or
b) retaining aquatic and terrestrial habitat b) infrastructure which provides access to a
6 The extent of separation will be determined from the size, values and vulnerability of the wetland, likely natural
fluctuations, and the nature of potential threats to its integrity and functions.
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in riparian zones; watercourse for recreational purposes;
c) maintaining wildlife corridors along
watercourses and drainage lines for OR
native fauna movement;
d) avoiding edge effects and incompatible S5.2 Where constructing a Detached house
uses in riparian zones; or Community residence and on an allotment
e) maintaining bank stability by minimising situated wholly within the Riparian Buffer
bank erosion and slumping; Area,
f) maintaining water quality by filtering a) fronting the Noosa River – development is
sediments, nutrients and other setback a minimum of 40m from mean
pollutants; and high water spring or as otherwise
g) removing undesirable plant species and prescribed by the Environmental
replacing them with vegetation of local Protection Agency’s Erosion Prone Area
origin; Maps;7
b) not fronting the Noosa River –
development is located outside the
riparian zone and setback a suitable
distance from the watercourse having
regard to the development constraints of
the property and the need to protect
environmental and riparian values;
OR
S5.3 For Animal husbandry on premises in
the Rural Zone—
7 The Erosion Prone Area map for the Noosa River is reproduced in Schedule 5.
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a) stock proof fencing is installed along
watercourses at a distance of no less
than 10m from the top of the bank;
b) stock watering points are located no less
than 15m away from the top of the bank
of watercourses; and
c) stock crossing points across watercourses
are defined and controlled with stock
proof fencing, to prevent stock from
damaging riparian vegetation or banks to
watercourses;
OR
S5.4 Recreational facilities (including
playgrounds, pergolas, barbeques etc) are
setback a minimum of 30m from the top of
the bank of a watercourse and 10m from the
top of the bank of a drainage line;
OR
S5.5 For Forestry uses the cultivated area is
separated from watercourses by a distance
not less than the distances identified below,
measured from high water mark or the top of
the bank, whichever is the greater distance—
Feature Distance
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Stream order 1 or 2 5 m
Stream order 3 or 4 10 m
Stream order greater than 4 20 m
AND
S5.6 Where Forestry is carried out on that
part of premises indicated as Riparian Buffer
Area and outside the separation distances
specified in S5.5—
a) species planted are of local origin and
are harvested through sustainable
harvesting; and
b) any undesirable plant species are
replaced by vegetation of local origin.
Koala Habitat Areas8 The site is not mapped as occurring within a
Koala Habitat Area.
O6 Development is designed, constructed S6.1 and S7.1 Koala sensitive development
and operated to avoid adverse impacts on design and measures are implemented in
koalas and koala habitat and includes accordance with Section 6 Policy 1 – Koala
measures to assist the survival of koala sensitive design as contained in the Nature
populations in the area. Conservation (Koala) Conservation Plan 2006
and Management Program 2006 – 2016.
8 Chapter 5, Annex 1 shows the EPA’s Koala Habitat Areas used for assessing development against the koala
conservation criteria contained in the Nature Conservation (Koala) Conservation Plan 2006 and Management Program 2006‐2016. The most up‐to‐date versions of these maps are available at the EPA website:
www.epa.qld.gov.au and Map 5 of the SEQ Regional Plan. The general extent of Koala Habitat Areas is also shown on Schedule 7 map.
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AND
O7 Development provides for koala
movement across the landscape through its
design and layout by incorporating koala
sensitive development.
Open space networks & wildlife corridors The site is not mapped as occurring within an
Open Space Corridor on Schedule 5, Map 3 –
O8 Open space networks and wildlife S8.1 Vegetation is enhanced through Open Space Networks. The site is mapped as
corridors are maintained and embellished to revegetation and vegetation maintenance in containing ‘Existing Native Vegetation’ on
provide for viable connectivity between areas indicated in Schedule 5 on Map 4 – this map. While the site is not identified as
vegetation by protecting and replanting Open Space Networks. occurring within a designated wildlife
vegetation of local origin— corridor, connectivity through the site will
a) along watercourses, drainage lines and AND be maintained by the retention and
ridgelines; and rehabilitation of a continuous tract of
b) as linkages between areas of remnant S8.2 Existing wildlife corridors are retained existing vegetation, with a minimum width of
vegetation, including— and embellished to a minimum width of 20m.
(i). across property boundaries; 100m.
(ii). to areas of national park,
conservation park, State forest or
reserve; and
(iii). into adjoining local government
areas.
Scenic amenity The majority of vegetation within the site
will be retained and enhanced.
O9 The scenic amenity and vegetated S9.1 and S10.1 Vegetation is retained and
character of the locality and its enhanced—
watercourses, drainage lines, sloping land a) within 30m of prominent ridgelines and
and ridgelines is retained and enhanced; hillslopes;
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b) in gullies;
AND c) along watercourses and drainage lines;
and
O10 Vegetation which makes a positive d) within 10m of road reserves.
contribution to the streetscape or major
road network is retained.
Habitat trees No hollow bearing trees were observed
during site assessments.
O11 Habitat trees (including dead trees) and S11.1 No clearing of koala habitat trees
recruitment habitat trees are protected for greater than 4m in height or with a diameter The subject site is not mapped as containing
native fauna habitat, where practicable. greater than 100mm at 1.3m above the suitable koala habitat under the SPRP (2010)
ground; or SPP (2010). Given that the site does not
appear to support use by koalas, the loss of
AND non-juvenile koala habitat trees is
considered unlikely to have a significant
S11.2 No clearing of other habitat trees or impact.
recruitment habitat trees.
Steep slopes The majority of vegetation on the site will
No solution provided. be retained and rehabilitated to protect
O13 Vegetation on steep slopes is retained ecological values and prevent erosion.
and managed to avoid erosion and landslide
and to protect natural resources and values.
Engineering and site works Vegetation on the site will not be transected
by any roads or services.
O14 Development is sited and designed to— S14.1 Works, including roads, driveways,
a) provide adequate separation distance fences, sewer lines and other infrastructure— No fauna underpasses or speed reduction
between the vegetation to be protected a) do not transect areas of vegetation; or features are considered necessary. It is not
and the development to avoid disturbing, b) are co-located within a combined utility expected that fencing will be required within
destabilising and deoxygenating any tree corridor; and the retained vegetation, however in the
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or altering the drainage; c) provide for fauna underpasses, speed event fencing is required, fauna friendly
b) avoid traversing or fragmenting reduction devices and associated fencing, designs will be utilised.
vegetation or habitats for significant lighting and warning signs, where
flora and fauna species; and appropriate; A Vegetation Management Plan will be
c) avoid creating barriers to faunal prepared for Council’s approval prior to the
movement. AND commencement of works. This Plan will
ensure that retained vegetation is protected
S14.2 Development within or adjacent to from interference, and that appropriate site
areas of vegetation, incorporate fauna practices are adopted during construction.
friendly fences;
AND
S14.3 Vegetation is protected from
interference resulting from clearing or
construction activities by—
a) clearly marking vegetation to be retained
with flagging tape;
b) installing protective fencing around the
dripline of the vegetation and avoid
filling and excavation in these fenced
areas; and
c) ensuring stock piling, storage and vehicle
parking occur outside the identified
vegetation areas;
AND
14.4 Low impact construction techniques are
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used around vegetation to minimise
interference with the vegetation.
Filling and excavation A Stormwater Management Plan will be
No solution provided. prepared in order to ensure that vegetation
O15 Vegetation is not adversely impacted is not impacted by changes to hydrological
upon by earthworks and changes to the regimes.
hydrological regime, including changes to
ground water levels, flooding levels, run-off
and tidal hydraulics.
13.10 Vegetation management
Replanting and rehabilitation Rehabilitation works, including weed
removal and replanting of native species,
O16 Vegetation is enhanced through the S16.1 Landscaping complements and will be undertaken as part of the proposed
following measures: supports important habitats by— development. A Site Rehabilitation Plan will
a) siting landscaped areas to complement a) utilising native plants of local origin; be prepared for Council’s approval prior to
and enhance existing vegetation; b) utilising suitable plant species identified commencement of site works. The Plan will
b) removal of all species likely to displace in PSP3 – Landscaping Plants and require that plants used are of local
native flora species or degrade fauna Guidelines; provenance and of species appropriate to
habitat; c) replicating adjacent remnant habitats, local habitat types.
c) replanting and rehabilitating9 degraded including understorey vegetation;
habitat; and d) creating or enhancing linkages between An appropriate number of replacement
d) replacing any vegetation removed with existing habitats; plantings will be provided within the riparian
suitable replacement vegetation of local e) avoiding the use of Undesirable Plant corridor in conjunction with weed control
origin. Species listed in Table 9.1 of PSP3 works.
Landscaping Plants and Guidelines; and
f) planting riparian zones to filter
9 Revegetation and rehabilitation works are to be carried out in accordance with an approved Revegetation and
Rehabilitation Management Plan, as referred to in PSP18 Ecological Assessment Guidelines
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stormwater run-off and provide for
wildlife habitat;
AND
S16.2 Vegetation removed is replaced with—
a) the equivalent number of trees or plants
of local origin; or
b) twice the number of trees or plants of
local origin.
Fire management A Bushfire Management Plan will be prepared
for Council’s approval.
O17 Fire management measures are No solution provided
adopted based on ecological principles,
which—
a) maintain and enhance biodiversity;
b) minimise threat of fire to the natural
environment, life and property; and
c) provide for effective use and
maintenance of buildings and structures.
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