005. Lake MacDonald Drive Cooroy - SWMS

Lake MacDonald Drive Cooroy
Lake MacDonald Drive Cooroy
Civil Construction | SWMS
Civil Construction | SWMS
CONTENTS
PRINCIPLES OF SAFE SITE WORKS	3
PROCEDURE	4
RESPONSIBILITIES	4
Project Manager Responsibilities:	4
Foreman Responsibilities:	4
Workers Responsibilities:	4
Environmental Responsibilities	5
Risk Assessment	8
CONTROL MEASURES	9
Prerequisites And General Works	10
Site Establishment & Survey	12
Clearing And Grubbing	13
Manual Handling	14
Electrical Safety Including Tag And Lockout	15
Hazardous Chemicals	16
Handling Gas Cylinders	17
Refuelling	19
Mobile Plant	21
Transporting / Unloading And Loading Plant	23
Unloading And Loading – Materials	25
Maintenance Of Plant	26
Working Near Overhead Power	28
Work Near Underground Services	30
Trenching And Excavating	32
Diagram 7 – Zone Of Influence	33
Diagram 8 – Trench Box Set Up	33
Installation Of Trench Shields And Plates	36
Lifting	37
Lifting	38
Working Adjacent To A Road	39
Working Adjacent To Water	40
Hot Works	42
Working At Heights – Above 2m	43
Confined Space	45
Pit Construction And Concreting	47
Recovery Of Bogged Vehicles	53
Demolition	54
Asbestos Removal	55
Quick Cut Saws & Chainsaws	56
Quick Cut Saws & Chainsaws	57
Angle Grinders	58
Grit Sandblasting	59
Welding	60
High Pressure Water Jetting / Cleaning	62
Other Activity:	63
WORK SITE DETAILS	65

PRINCIPLES OF SAFE SITE WORKS
SWMS	Must be completed prior to the commencement of any site activities by all involved in undertaking the work, and shall be reviewed throughout the work day and/or duration of the work activity to ensure it is referenced and amended as required Identify the licences, tickets, permits, competencies and authorisations required to complete the work activity
PPE	Ensure all identified PPE is available and being worn on site prior to works commencing PPE is managed in accordance with the PPE Procedure_IMS-02-48
CONFINED SPACES	A Confined Space Entry Permit IMS-05-05 must be issued with authorisation by a responsible person(s), who have been trained and assessed in confined space entry before any confined space activity can commence
REFUELLING	PTA or Take 5 IMS-05-51 completed before commencement of task Equipment to be turned off, shut down and allowed 15 min to cool down Ensure the correct refuelling methods are used, 5L anti-spill container for small plant and equipment
WORK AT HEIGHTS	Where there is a risk of falling from a height of 2metres or more, will only proceed when a fixed platform or fall arrest system is in place or alternative approved system in line with the Working at heights procedure IMS-02-21
FIT FOR WORK	All employees must be medically fit to attend the workplace and not be impaired by the effects of alcohol, prescription or other drugs, or fatigue
VEHICLES, MOBILE PLANT & EQUIPMENT	All operators of a vehicle or plant and equipment must be appropriately licensed or assessed for competency. All operators are to abide by speed limits, road rules, weather conditions and signage, as well as to adhere to the conditions of the license Work that involves a man-made or machine cut, cavity, trench or depression in the earth’s surface formed by earth removal will only proceed when all underground hazards (i.e. pipelines, electrical/communication cables) have been identified, physically located and where required, isolated VMP’ Vehicle management plan must be communicated, current and implemented as per Vehicle Management Plan Procedure IMS-02-30 Where applicable all rigging/dogging of loads is to be carried out by a competent person(s). All lifting equipment shall be in current test date and operational. All loads must be controlled, secured or tied down according to Procedures
TRAFFIC MOVEMENT & CONTROL	Implement and monitor a traffic management plan where there is risk of interaction between the public and work zones, ensuring the plan has been communicated to all workers onsite
QUICK CUT SAW	All workers must be trained and completed and only operate the Quick Cut Saws in accordance with the Quick Cut Saw Procedure IMS-02-27
EXCAVATION	Any excavation that requires changing of the existing surface or excavation below the existing surface requires an approved excavation permit IMS-05-17 All excavation works to be conducted in line with the excavation procedure IMS-02-05
PROCEDURE
In developing a Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS), consideration must be given to any previously developed site-specific SWMS and related information.
Review the tasks/hazards and control measures.
Additional high-risk tasks or hazards not listed in the SWMS, require a Risk Assessment IMS-05-46 to be completed.
All control measures outlined in this SWMS must be referred to and followed at all times.
The appropriate Procedures must be followed when performing the relevant tasks.  Where the Procedures are referred to in this SWMS, this will form part of the SWMS work methodology.
This SWMS cannot be used onsite unless the workplace and task details are recorded in Section D.
All workers must Sign the acknowledgment and agreement of the SWMS in Section D.
Review SWMS:
Foreman and workers ensure that the effectiveness of the control measures is reviewed during the next daily pre-start, tool box meeting and/or if worksite conditions have changed
Workers may review the SWMS at any time during the shift and make changes where control measures are not deemed adequate or where reference is required
The foreman must instruct the workers that any SWMS reviews and comments are to be returned to the foreman for him to review, communicate and file.
Where the review reveals the SWMS remain suitable for use; there will be NO need to develop another, however the review must be recorded in section D and in the Sites Daily Prestart.
RESPONSIBILITIES
Project Manager Responsibilities:
Ensure the foreman is aware of any site-specific hazards & site rules implemented
Ensure that all known hazards are included when developing the SWMS for the site or individual work areas.
Instruct the foreman to ensure that this site and/or area specific SWMS are reviewed, developed in consultation with the workers and signed before any work commences.
Foreman Responsibilities:
Review and communicate site specific hazards and control measures outlined in the SWMS.
Ensure that the appropriate control measures have been selected and that workers are aware that the control measures selected are mandatory.
Complete a Risk assessment for any high-risk task or additional activity that is not listed in the SWMS
Ensure Section D has been filled out correctly and that a SWMS is compiled for each area.
Ensure all workers have been shown the SWMS and sign acknowledgement in Section D.
Monitor the effectiveness of the control measures outlined in this SWMS during the work activities.  If they are proving inadequate or not being adhered to, stop the work and install additional controls before restarting the activities.  Record any alterations in the SWMS.
Ensure workers follow the appropriate Procedures when performing the selected activities.
Workers Responsibilities:
Follow the SWMS and appropriate Procedures when performing tasks.
Stop work and notify the foreman, if you believe the control measures outlined in this document, are no longer adequate.

Environmental Responsibilities
Introduction to construction site erosion and sediment control
The objective; To take all reasonable and practicable measures to minimise short and long-term soil erosion and the adverse effects of sediment transport In this context the terms: ‘reasonable’ means an action based on sound judgement and affordable cost; ‘practicable’ means an action capable of being put into practice with the available means or with reason or prudence.	
The first rule of ESC The first thing to acknowledge with the Erosion and Sediment Control profession is that there is an exception to almost every rule and recommendation. The fact that a control measure is observed to work well in one location does not mean that it will work well in another location. Similarly, the fact that a control measure fails in one region does not mean that the technique will not be useful within another region.	
Environmental Duty The environmental Duty applies to all persons and activities on a construction site. Such an Environmental Duty may be described in general terms as: To take all reasonable and practical measures to prevent or at least minimise environmental harm.	
Application of ‘Common Sense’ Erosion and sediment control practices must represent an appropriate balance between the application of the ideal design philosophy and the application of common sense. No rule or recommendation should be allowed to over rule the  application of a unique, site specific solution where such a solution can be demonstrated to satisfy the principle objective and the specified performance standard.	
Ten key Principles to best practice ESC
Key Principle 1 Appropriately integrate the development into the site. Best Practice development planning involves the determination of the appropriate use for a given site and how best to accommodate that land use within a development layout. To achieve this, it is essential to investigate the site conditions including the soil, water, vegetation and topographic features of the property.	
Key Principle 2 Integrate erosion and sediment control issues into site and construction planning. During the planning of a building or construction project, consideration must be given to how the site layout and construction process can best achieve the principal environmental objective of taking all reasonable and practicable measures to prevent or minimise environmental harm.	
Key Principle 3 Develop effective and flexible erosion and sediment control plans based on the anticipated soil, weather and construction conditions. Erosion and Sediment Control Plans need to walk a fine line between being formal plans that site operators must follow, and being flexible plans that still allow site personnel to use their ‘common sense’ to: Adjust to changing site conditions Focus on the intent of technical notes rather than their literal meaning	
Key Principle 4 Minimise the extent and duration of soil disturbance This principle has many benefits, including; Reduced soil erosion Reduced release of fine colloidal soil particles that cause turbit runoff Promotion of the rapid stabilisation and revegetation of soil disturbances	
Key Principle 5 Control Water Movement through the site The proper management of stormwater runoff during the construction phase is critical to the implementation of effective erosion and sediment control. The importance of stormwater management generally increases with increasing rainfall intensity. This means drainage control becomes increasingly important the closer you get to northern Australia.	
Key Principle 6 Minimise Soil Erosion Soil erosion is the process through which the effects of wind, water or physical action, displace soil particles causing them to be transported. The Main factors affecting soil scour are rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length, slope steepness, soil cover and the surface flow conditions (i.e.: flow type, velocity, duration and frequency)	
Key Principle 7 Promptly Stabilise disturbed areas. A healthy and continuous vegetative cover is one of the most effective forms of erosion control. Most importantly, vegetation protects the solid against raindrop impact erosion. Vegetation also binds the underlying soil to improve its structural strength, improves soil’s infiltration capacity and increases evaporation thereby decreasing overall stormwater runoff.	
Key Principle 8 Maximise sediment retention on the site It is usually impractical to prevent all soil erosion on construction sites; thus, some degree of sediment control is always required. The primary purpose of most sediment control measures is to trap the coarser sediment fraction.	
Key Principle 9 Maintain all ESC measures in proper working order at all times. All ESC measures must be maintained in proper working order at all times until their function is no longer required. To assist in achieving this requirement, technical notes and/or construction specification attached to the Erosion Sediment Control Plan (ESCVP) must specify the maintenance requirements of all sediment traps.	
Key Principle 10 Monitor the site and adjust ESC practices to maintain the required performance standard. Erosion and Sediment Control Plans (ESCPs) are living documents that can and should be modified as site conditions change, or if the adopted measures fail to achieve the required treatment standard. If a site inspection detects a failure in the adopted ESC measures, then the source of this failure must be investigated and corrected.	

Risk Assessment
Risk Assessments should take into consideration - likelihood and consequences of injury, illness or incident occurring & available information on hazard including any records of incidents, illness and disease.
	Likelihood of event occurring
Incident Classification		Rare	Unlikely	Possible	Likely	Almost Certain
One or more fatalities, traumatic or severe disabling injury, damage / theft more than $1,000,000. *A Notifiable Incident	Consequence of the event occurring	Catastrophic	High 15	Extreme 19	Extreme 22	Extreme 24	Extreme 25
Lost time injury (LTI), damage / theft less than $1,000,000 but more than $100,000. * A Notifiable Incident		Major	High 10	High 14	Extreme 18	Extreme 21	Extreme 23
Medical treatment required (MTI), damage / theft less than $100,000 but more than $10,000		Moderate	Medium 6	Medium 9	High 13	High 17	Extreme 20
First aid treatment required (FAI), damage / theft less than $10,000 but more than $1,000		Minor	Low 3	Low 5	Medium 8	High 12	High 16
A near miss, no injuries, damage / theft less than $1000		Insignificant	Low 1	Low 2	Low 4	Medium 7	High 11

Risk Rating	Procedure Following Risk Assessment	Control Application
Extreme 18 - 25	Activity must not commence. Must eliminate hazard or introduce further controls to further reduce the risk.	Any hazard assessed presenting extreme risk level will only be allowed to be controlled using elimination and or engineering controls as the primary source of controls.
High 10 - 17	Activity must not commence without Compliance Advisor or higher approval and appropriate supervision by Project Manager or Foreman. Implement strict control measures to further reduce risk.	Any hazard assessed as presenting high or medium risk level will only be allowed to be controlled using a combination of at least one engineering control and one lower level controls as appropriate.
Medium 6 - 9	Project Manager and Foreman must determine appropriate level of supervision required. Implement strict control measures to further reduce risk.	Any hazard assessed as presenting high or medium risk level will only be allowed to be controlled using a combination of at least one engineering control and one lower level controls as appropriate.
Low 1 - 5	Monitor, manage and carry out activity in accordance with identified controls.	Any hazard assessed as presenting a low risk level will be permitted to be controlled using a combination of controls as appropriate, more than one lower level control must be applied if elimination and or engineering controls are not practicable.

Hierarchy Controls	Examples	
Eliminate	Can we eliminate or remove the hazard completely	
Substitute	Can we substitute the hazard with something else less dangerous	
Engineer / Isolate	Can we re-design or isolate the hazard completely	
Administration / Training	What controls can we put in place, e.g. training, job rotation, supervision	
Personal Protective Equipment	What personal protective equipment is required to undertake this activity	

Civil Construction | SWMS

CONTROL MEASURES
Civil Construction | SWMS

CONTROL MEASURES

PREREQUISITES and GENERAL WORKS
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Lack of awareness of hazards / works onsite Unable to provide Suitable Supervision and monitoring Lack of understanding or compliance of required controls and procedures No record of persons being onsite Lack of awareness of Specific Emergency Procedures and Assembly Points Operators Not Competent to operate Plant Machine and Appropriate Fittings not functioning correctly Tools not fit for use Slips, Trips and Falls Failure to follow site rules Failure to adhere to speed limits and haul road requirements Lack of understanding Traffic Flow Failure to implement Positive Communication Operators Not Competent Failure to follow site rules Failure to adhere to speed limits and haul road requirements Collision of Plant / Vehicles Slips, Trips and Falls Failure to implement a site designated laydown area Sediment builds up in storm water lines Sediment laden water leaving site CONSEQUENCES Persons at risk or not accounted for in the event of an emergency General injuries, Serious Injury or Death Plant Damage Strains, Sprains Hand Injuries, Head Injuries, Eye Injuries, Cuts and abrasions Dehydration and sunburn Crush Injuries Drowning Operator trapped in Plant Environmental Damage	All persons entering site (workers, subcontractors, delivery drivers etc) must attend the site office upon arrival and complete the site-specific induction, in accordance with the Induction procedure IMS 02-39
	Pre-start / “Kick Off” meeting conducted by foreman to ensure workers are fully aware of the scope of works. All workers must attend the site’s daily pre-start / “kick off” meeting
	Mandatory PPE requirements to be worn onsite at all times– Steel cap boots, Long pants, long sleeve shirt and hi-vis vest, hard hat, gloves, safety glasses. Respiratory Devices must be fit tested to each individual, if undertaking and works on silica containing materials such as concrete and concrete products, stone and composite-stone benchtops, fibre-cement sheeting, bricks, blocks, tiles and pavers, bagged materials such as cement, tile adhesive and mortar.
	Know and understand the sites emergency procedure and assembly points and available first aid and emergency equipment. Relevant persons should be trained in emergency rescue procedures and the use of rescue equipment and ensure that an appropriately stocked first aid kit is available on site.
	All plant /applicable trucks (watercarts, crane trucks etc) operators must undergo a Verification of Competency test prior to operating on Shadforth Sites. Ensure Verification of Competencies are completed for all operators of Plant, in accordance with VOC Procedure IMS-02-20
	Operators must undertake a pre-start on the plant being operated
	Tools/equipment is inspected to ensure they are fit for purpose
	Ensure that all site personnel are aware of the hazards, risks and control measures specific to the work area.  - high-risk activity procedures and SWMS are reviewed, followed and the required permits are in place. SWMS must be signed off by all workers prior to commencing any high risk works.
	Ensure all site rules, including site signage and safety precautions are adhered to at all times
	Understand and adhere to, the sites Vehicle Management Plan (VMP). Ensure the VMP is current and up to date and is communicated to site personnel.
	Train and supervise all site personnel to ensure they can undertake the jobs competently, consistently and safely. All training undertaken is to be documented and should include names of participants, the training content, who conducted the training and when it was conducted.
	Train all relevant site personnel in emergency rescue procedures and the use of rescue equipment and ensure that an appropriately stocked first aid kit is available on site.
	Ensure you take care when walking around site, watch your step and try not to walk through muddy slippery areas that increase the risk of slipping over.
	Consultation regarding both the site and job/tasks conditions, hazards and required controls and responsibilities.
	Familiarise yourself with the construction traffic in your area and maintain positive communication with operators and other workers via UHF (designated channels only) or other prearranged techniques such as hand signals.
	Site is set up as per Vehicle Management Plan at all times, with visible signage and road markings - that give clear instructions for vehicles routes and required speed limits. Speed limits must be adhered to at all times.
	Ensure site compound is an adequate size, flat, free draining, and set up as per the site’s vehicle management plan
	Edge protection windrows placed on haul route edges, where there is potential for mobile plant to drive off or roll over an edge. Windrows should be at least half the height of the diameter of the largest vehicles tyre that operate in that area and are constructed so that they are as vertical as possible
	Risk assess the area for tripping hazards, where required move them or change the area you will be walking ensuring that you will not be walking on or over any area that may cause you to slip trip or fall
	Supervisor to monitor all plant and haul road operation. Unsafe operation is to be stopped immediately and appropriate action taken to prevent recurrence.
	Always vehicles /plant must have park brake applied prior to exiting and where required, chock wheels and drums.
	All barricade must be installed correctly without sagging or gaps and star picket must be installed using star picket driver with star pickets driven into ground. Ensure the location of underground services is known and pickets are not driven into ground in this area. Place picket in desired location if possible, place in area with soft ground. Slide driver over the picket. If the driver is lifted above shoulder height care should be taken to maintain control of the driver. Lean picket over to make it easier if needed. Ensure picket is then vertical for driving. Star Pickets must be capped.
	Person’s onsite, should drink plenty of water and apply sun cream regularly.
	Stormwater drains and inlets and outlets must be protected hydro carbons and sediment laden water.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

SITE ESTABLISHMENT & SURVEY
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Site not established as identified No planning for the movement of vehicles and plant around site Overhead services are struck – lack of signage Hazards not communicated Dilapidation report not complete Complaints from persons who are affected by works. Other surrounding structures not assessed Damage caused from delivery vehicles and other heavy vehicles. Slip trip or falls UHF radios are affected by hills - Not enough UHF radios for all on the ground staff Poor, no or incorrect signage displayed. Workers entering work zone Site not secured Services not positively identified Pumps and generators leak fuels and oils into natural waterways. CONSEQUENCES serious injury or death serious sprain strain or break Service Strikes Environmental Harm and Damage – waterways, flora and fauna	Establish site in accordance with the project prestart and the Vehicle Management Plan
	Identify overhead power or hazards in the work zone.
	Communicate with stakeholders and the public where access may interfere with or impact others. (outlined in the prestart minutes)
	Identify and assess any existing structures that may be impacted by your works i.e. buildings, footpaths, manholes etc.
	Site sheds, containers and similar must be installed in accordance with “working over 2m”, “Electrical Safety” & “Lifting” sections of this SWMS where lifting, electrical works and working at heights are involved.
	Ensure steps into offices and amenities are no higher than 255mm
	Ensure designated walkways are installed for workers to have safe access to work face.
	Ensure no trip hazards are left around amenities or common plant
	Surveyors to communicate with site supervisor on intended site movements
	Ensure you have an awareness of the construction traffic in your areas of works and maintain communication with operators and other workers via UHF
	Clearly communicate with other workers in the area to the extent of your works
	Practical Fencing and mandatory entry / warning signage is to be used to prevent unauthorised entry.
	Clear signage identifying the company contact details to be displayed at the site entry
	Plans and DBYD to be attached to all excavation permits
	All existing services to be physically identified and marked for future reference as per Excavation procedure IMS-02-05
	Establish environmental controls where required
	Establish position for dewatering
	Establish position for required small plant i.e. generators, dewatering pumps
	Identify area for laydown of materials

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Lack of Awareness on correct procedures and SWMS Incorrect maps and plans provided. Protected areas cleared Damage to flora and fauna. Damage to habitats. Cross contamination between weeds. Spreading the seeds from other pest plants Operators unaware of workers inside the work area. Falling Trees Contact with herbicides and Pesticides Person/s bitten by venomous creature. Unable to locate Snake Bite Kits / spill kits Failure to follow CEMP requirements Manual Handling CONSEQUENCES Fatality Serious injuries Allergic reactions Burns Damage to assets/live or existing services Manual handling injuries from twists, sprains and strains, Cuts, abrasions Environmental Damage	Pre-start meeting to ensure workers are fully aware of the scope of works and limit of clearing.
	Correct drawings to be present on site at all times and revisions checked
	Exclusion zones to be erected around protected areas or trees.
	Avoid touching vegetation with bare hands
	Keep handrails clean of vegetation/dirt & remove vegetation off machinery before maintenance
	Weed Hygiene Declaration IMS-05-64 to be completed, if applicable to site location
	Only essential personnel allowed at work area.
	Wash hands/face thoroughly after handling any objects whilst in the work area.
	Wildlife catcher to be onsite, if specified in contract
	No work to be undertaken without spotter present
	Wildlife catcher to provide SWMS/risk assessment for work being undertaken
	Roots suspected to be near underground services to be pot holed and vac trucked to positively identify service locations.
	Machinery to be used wherever possible - if requirement to clear by hand, then workers to work in pairs wearing appropriate PPE and skin covered
	Snake bite kits to be available, if threat exists
	Weed survey as required and follow removal/disposal instructions.
	Spill kits to be on hand at all times

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

MANUAL HANDLING
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Lack of understanding of tasks / hazards / required controls Failure to follow correct manual handling techniques Failure to conduct risk assessment Slips, Trips and Falls CONSEQUENCES back and neck injury, muscle strain, ligament tear, bruising or broken bone Pinch injury, cuts and abrasions and damage to joints. Severed Fingers	Consult with all persons involved in the task on the site condition/hazards and job tasks/hazards and their responsibilities.
	Identify area where the load will be moved too, ensuring there are no obstructions, tripping hazards on route.
	Where possible use a mechanical aid to lift the object or rearrange the flow of materials to reduce handling. If manual lift must be undertaking, the following considerations must be given: Get a solid hold on the item which you are about to lift, using leg muscles to move low level objects, keeping your back straight by tucking in your chin and bending your knees and lifting with your legs, The load should be held as close to the body as possible. Lift load slowly and do not jerk. Avoid twisting your back during lifting or when moving the load. Lifting with one hand should be avoided. If you are unsure of the load’s weight, ask for assistance
	Team or dual lifts can be used where practicable. All consideration used in individual lifts need to be applied to team and dual lift tasks.
	When lifting manhole lids, use lifting aids. The correct Gatic style manhole lifters must be used.
	Do not lift any load beyond your capability.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5
Diagram 1 - Manual Handling Techniques
ELECTRICAL SAFETY including Tag and Lockout
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Untrained worker Procedures not followed Equipment not test and tagged Equipment used without safety switch CONSEQUENCES Serious Injury or Death Electrical shock Burns Fire	Any persons working to install, modify, test or certify electrical installations are trained in accordance with both the type of work being undertaken and the jurisdictional requirements.
	Electrical Safety Procedure IMS-02-04 must be followed
	Always check to ensure that the electrical equipment being used has been tested and tagged and is in current test date;
	Ensure all portable electrical equipment is connected to a safety switch; If using a portable safety switch always test that it trips after the equipment is being plugged in by pressing the test button on the side of the safety switch;
	Specified electrical equipment used in manufacturing work must be protected by a fixed safety switch.  Previously a portable safety switch was an option.
	Never use a double adaptor or piggy back plug or domestic rated power boards in a workshop or construction site;
	If any electrical leads to portable equipment are frayed, or single insulated coloured cables are showing, do not use the equipment;
	If personal or hired electrical equipment is to be used at the workplace, the Supervisor needs to approve and visually check it to ensure that it is safe, has been tested and tagged and is in current test date.
	If electrical equipment is hired, for use in a workplace it is to be: Inspected and tested by a competent person, before every hire and at least within the last 3 months; If the equipment is not working properly or is unsafe, it must be withdrawn from use, with a ‘Danger – Do not Operate’ tag affixed to the equipment.
	If any electrical equipment is found faulty or does not work: It is to be immediately removed from use It is to be tagged with a ‘Danger – Do Not Operate’ tag; Your supervisor is to be notified immediately; and This tag is only to be removed when this equipment is fixed. Note: The person finding the equipment out of order would be the person to place the tag on the equipment.
	Always use a portable safety switch connected to a portable generator; if the generator does not have a built-in safety switch.
	Specialist advice should be sought from an electrician to identify the correct safety protection when using portable generators if unsure
	Do not touch live welding electrodes unless using insulated gloves. Do not allow any part of welding electrode to touch any part of body;
	Ensure the welding electrode holders are of an ‘all insulated’ type; and ensure the welding leads are correctly connected and in good condition.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Combustion Explosion Fire or other sources of ignition Incorrect Use or mixture Lack of First Aid Awareness Incorrect Chemical Handling Lack of Ventilation Chemical Exposure Accidental Chemical Release /Spills CONSEQUENCES Asphyxiation Breathing Difficulties Blindness Poisoning, Burns, Serious injury or Death Environmental Damage	Adhere to the Hazardous Chemicals Procedure IMS-02-08 when using a chemical
	Hazardous chemicals must be used following SDS requirements
	Minimum quantity to be stored onsite
	Ensure work area is well ventilated and correct PPE is worn.
	In the event of accidental release of chemicals - Notify the job supervisor immediately- who will take control of the rectification process and prevent further release. Commence Evacuation of the worksite, if a risk to health and safety exists (in accordance with the Emergency Response Plan)
	Spill kits - of adequate size to contain any potential spill - must be available on site. Workers should be familiar with the location of kits.
	Secure chemicals, where the containers cannot be damaged
	Keep Chemicals clear of ignition sources
	Ensure only chemicals with labels are used, and that applicable SDS’s are available
	Drenching/Dump washing facilities will available on site (if applicable)
	Ensure adequate bunding is available onsite (if required)
	Ensure the requirements of the Environmental Management Procedure is implemented
	Chemical disposal shall be in accordance with the SDS and Empty containers are to be disposed in accordance with the procedure and at an approved facility

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

HANDLING GAS CYLINDERS
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Failure to follow procedures Manual Handling Cylinder Damage Plant Damage Equipment Deterioration Fire / Explosions Gas Leaks Toxic Gas escaping Cylinders missed with other dangerous goods causing volatile mixture during vehicle accident Unidentified storage area and unauthorised access to area CONSEQUENCES Asphyxiation Breathing Difficulties Blindness Poisoning, Burns, Serious injury or Death Environmental Damage Strains and Sprains – back, arm and leg	Compressed gas cylinders must be handled by personnel who fully understand the hazards involved with the use, movement and storage of gas cylinders
	Be aware of cylinder weight and use good manual handling techniques
	Use mechanical aids (trolleys) when moving cylinders, wherever practicable. If lifting G size cylinder, mechanical aid or 2-person lift must be used
	Do not roll cylinders along ground in a horizontal position
	Clean valve and connector before connecting
	‘Crack’ cylinder valve to blow grit from its valve, open valves slowly
	Keep cracked gas away from face or ignition sources
	Remove all combustible and flammable items from the work area
	Use proper fittings tools to tighten connections and leave on cylinder
	Do not interchange fittings or regulators or try to adapt them to gases which they are not designed to handle
	Do not by-pass the regulator when discharging from a compressed gas cylinder
	Do not use adaptors to connect regulators to gas cylinders
	Never drop cylinders, allow heavy objects to fall on cylinders or allow them to strike each other
	Use open vehicles to transport cylinders – do not ‘cover’ (tarpaulin, canopies) fuel gases unless vented to outside
	When cargo area is open to the passenger area (e.g. van) a separate air tight compartment, permanently vented to the outside must be used
	When more than 250L of dangerous goods is being transported it must be in accordance to the ADG code.
	When Transporting cylinders – remove regulator, valves to remain closed and protection guards/caps are to be used wherever possible. Ensure cylinders are secured in an upright position
	Cylinders are to be stored in accordance with AS4332 -The storage and handling of gases in cylinders and different types of gasses to be segregated
	Do not store cylinders near combustible materials or flammable liquids – keep flammable gases away from ignition sources
	Cylinders should be stored vertically and secured from falling over and away from heavy traffic and emergency exits
	Remove empty cylinders from the area as soon as possible
	Storage areas must clearly show signage in accordance with DG legislation, this includes class diamonds, Hazchem, no smoking and naked flame signs
	Designated storage areas that prevent unauthorised access and protect untrained people from hazards
	Adequate Emergency equipment (Fire and first aid) to be adjacent to storage areas.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

REFUELLING
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Damaged/Unsafe plant being used Failure to follow correct procedures Incorrect equipment being used Fuel Spills Fire Explosion / combustion Lack of concentration Fumes Slips, Trips and Falls Overheating and other sources of ignition Equipment too hot when refuelling Release of excess pressure, steam or heat Fall from heights CONSEQUENCES Serious injury or Death Sprains, Strains, Fractures, ligament damage Environmental Damage Burns / Chemical Burns Poisoning Chemical Exposure Hand injuries, head and eye injuries, cuts and abrasions	Plant Hazard Assessment (PHA) to be conducted on all plant entering site.
	Follow Refuelling Small Plant/equipment Procedure IMS-02-26
	Take 5 (or PTA) completed before commencement of task
	Refueling area to be established, with level/Stable ground in a well-ventilated area that is free from any ignition sources. Location considerations to include any natural water courses /potential areas that may be polluted
	Ensure a spill kit is available nearby and overspills are immediately cleaned up and reported to the site supervisor.
	Equipment to be turned off and shut down and hot equipment is allowed to cool for 15 minutes before attempting to refuel
	Ensure the correct refuelling methods are used, 5L anti spill container for small plant and equipment and ensure a funnel or nozzle attachment is used
	Beware of excess pressure when removing fuel cap
	Do not use mobile phones in the Refuelling area or whilst refueling
	Carbon dioxide/dry chemical fire extinguisher in close proximity.
	No smoking. Or Naked Flames
	Wear appropriate PPE
	Ensure SDS’s are available and in close proximity.
	Remove any contaminated clothing and wash prior to re-use.
	Do not intentionally inhale vapors
	Use mobile platforms if required or ensure plant has sufficient hand rails.
	ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STOCKLAND SITES Petrol Flex Drive Pumps are NOT permitted on Stockland Sites

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

Diagram 3 – Refuelling Flowchart

MOBILE PLANT
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Failure to follow correct procedures Operators not competent Slips, Trips and Falls Plant not fit for Use Noise Disrupting the public Plant not loaded / unloaded correctly Attachments falling from Plant Plant and Plant/People Interactions Inappropriate Haul Road and/or Traffic Flow Collision of Plant / Vehicles Plant operated inappropriately Failure to follow site rules Failure to adhere to speed limits and haul road requirements Entering Exclusion Zones Pieces of Rock hitting persons Damage to services or infrastructure CONSEQUENCES Damage to hearing Serious Injury or Death Serious Sprains, Strains or fractures, lacerations General Discomfort and angst of public Disruption to public assets	Mobile Plant Procedure IMS-02-32 to be adhered to.
	Plant is only operated by experienced persons, who have completed a Verification of Competency for that type of plant.  Ensure Verification of Competencies are completed for all operators of Plant, in accordance with VOC Procedure IMS-02-20.
	Pre-starts checklist IMS-05-24 conducted prior to operating plant
	ROPS / FOPS and seatbelts for plant, fitted as per operating manual and consistent with AS 2294
	Plant is not to be operated outside time restrictions.
	3 points of contact must be maintained when entering/exiting plan. Visual inspections of steps, platforms, handrails etc is conducted, ensuring they are free from dirt, grease, other obstructions
	Seat belt to be worn whilst operating the machine
	When unloading plant, use correct access and take care when accessing cabin, ensure ramps are not lowered onto obstacles, unload on firm level ground
	When using attachments - all safety retaining pins are to be in place and Bump & drag test conducted ensuring attachments are engaged properly
	Plant are to have warning devices fitted and working, including flashing lights, reverse warning alarm and UHF radio.
	Do not enter work / exclusion zone of operating plant without operator permission. Positive Communications must be achieved with the spotter / operator.
	Appropriate Exclusion Zones are to be set up, with ‘No Entry’ signs used, where there is the chance of unauthorised persons entering the work area. These zones are to be coordinated with site management.
	Do not walk behind moving plant or stand/work in blind spots.
	Site supervisor will monitor all plant and haul road operations. Unsafe operations are to be stopped immediately and appropriate controls to be implemented.
	Speed limit signage must be in place on haul roads. Max 40km/hr. All mobile plant must adhere to site rules and speed limits
	Delineation must be installed on haul road edges in hazardous areas.
	Workers using haul roads must complete a haul road induction, if it is a requirement of that site.
	Haul Road Traffic Guidance Schemes (TGS) to be developed and updated as required.
	Radio communication must be used to inform other vehicles of presence and intentions. If unsure of other vehicles movements, use the radio to confirm the intended movements of the vehicle. Wait for a positive response before proceeding.

MOBILE PLANT
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
	When using rock breakers, an exclusion zone will be installed to prevent workers or others from entering an area that may cause risk of being hit by objects, hearing damage or other associated hazards in the rock breaker zone. The exclusion zone should be appropriate for the task and risks and consider the type of material being broken and the risk to persons
	The rock breaker attachment shall only be attached and removed by a competent person
	Persons working on or near the rock breaker zone require appropriate PPE i.e.: hearing protection.
	Risk Assessment completed for plant operating on Stockpiles.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

Diagram 4 – Mobile plant Blind Spots

TRANSPORTING / UNLOADING AND LOADING PLANT
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Lack of understanding of tasks / hazards / required controls Lack of understanding Traffic Flow Failure to implement Positive Communication Plant and Plant Interaction Plant and Person Interaction Quick Hitch Failure Loss of Loads Plant Blind Spots Operators Not Competent Failure to follow site rules Failure to adhere to speed limits and haul road requirements Entering Exclusion Zones Slips, Trips and Falls Truck / Crane slipping on uneven surfaces or slippery ground Truck/Plant rolling away/over Failure to follow manual Handling Techniques Failure to implement a site designated laydown area Not having a safe stable ground to unload Tight areas for manoeuvring plant Sediment builds up in storm water lines Sediment laden water leaving site Damage to services or infrastructure CONSEQUENCES Strains, Sprains Hand Injuries, Head Injuries, Eye Injuries, Cuts and abrasions Crush Injuries Serious injury or Death Plant Damage Drowning Operator trapped in Plant Environmental Damage Disruption to public assets	Transport and Arrival at Site
	Conduct Prestart, complete the relevant prestart form and send copy to Transport Coordinator. Report any faults / issues
	Plan the trip - Prior to departure, Operators should review travel route for any hazards, congestion, closures etc.
	Upon arrival on site the transport / plant operator is required to park the vehicle in an allocated safe parking space, as arranged with the site Foreman
	Check for OH powerlines and other obstructions above/on ground
	Always apply park brake prior to leaving vehicle and where required, chock wheels and drums.
	Loading
	Loads are to be secured at all times, in accordance with NHVR Load Restraint Guide, where applicable.
	A load must not be placed in a way that makes the vehicle unstable or unsafe and must be secured, so it is unlikely to fall or dislodge.
	Load binders, straps, chains and load dogs to be inspected before use, only use certified and tagged equipment
	Ensure Loads are within maximum Mass and Dimension limits
	Lowering / Attaching Ramps
	Gloves must be worn when unlatching, lowering and/or attaching ramps. Fingers kept clear of pinch points around the ramps.
	If ramps are to be attached, consider using a second person for a team lift. Remember to lift using the legs and bend the knees
	Inspect ramps to ensure they are in good working condition. All pins used must have a safety clip on the underside to prevent any chance of unplanned vertical movement. VERY IMPORTANT TO CHECK BOTH PINS AND SAFETY CLIPS.
	Make sure hinges / pins are secure and in good working condition per the manufacturer’s specifications.
	Ensure machinery weight does not exceed safe working load limit of the ramps.
	Inspect surrounding area for any debris, uneven ground, steps, gutters or any other hazards that may interfere.
	Removing Lashing (Tie Downs)
	Ensure parking brake or other plant isolation is engaged.
	Remove lashings in sequence (usually front to back).
	If a lever bar is required, the operator must stand to the side of the bar NEVER directly in line with it.
	PPE must be worn which may including riggers gloves, eye protection, hard hat and safety boots.
	Unload Plant
	Set up exclusion zone around truck/plant being unloaded so all persons are outside the line of fire should plant slip or fall off truck.
	Access the transport deck via ramps when possible or by other means using 3 points of contact at all times. Extra care must be taken and considered in wet conditions.
	Clear area of obstructions make sure ground is firm, level, and the area is spacious enough for unloading.
	Check surrounding environment again immediately prior to starting the plant making sure nothing has changed including pedestrians or other physical obstructions. Use Spotter in a safe place when required. If a spotter is used, clear communication and a clear view of the spotter must be maintained at all times.
	Raise any part of the plant including attachments off the transport deck enough to not touch the deck whilst moving.
	When clear and safe to do so, move plant slowly toward the ramps.
	No slewing, skidding, or skewing whilst moving the plant.
	Descend the plant down the ramps at a slow and controlled pace with the tracks or wheels positioned in the centre of the ramps
	Park the plant in the predetermined area within the exclusion zone.
	Unloading and Reloading equipment / attachments
	Unloading / loading attachments or other equipment must be carried out with care and attention.
	Where attachments have an intended purpose of being engaged by a quick hitch this must be used including the safety pin at all times
	Where required a Spotter is to be used to assist in the engagement of attachments. Clear communication and visibility of the Spotter must be maintained at all times.
	The operation of the machine whilst carrying out the task must be slow and steady.
	When using HIAB to unload/load, control measures from lifting SWMS must be followed.
	Leaving Site
	Areas left in a clean and tidy state.
	Sign out and Traffic Management Procedures followed
	Environmental wash station / gravel driveways utilised. Ensure that all wheels are free of dirt / mud to prevent transfer to roads and other sites and to prevent the spread of Fire Ants, weed etc

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

UNLOADING AND LOADING – Materials
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Lack of understanding of tasks / hazards / required controls Lack of understanding Traffic Flow Failure to implement Positive Communication Plant and Plant /person Interaction Loss of Loads Plant Blind Spots Operators Not Competent Failure to adhere to speed limits and haul road requirements Entering Exclusion Zones Slips, Trips and Falls Truck slipping on uneven surfaces or slippery ground Truck/Plant rolling away/over Failure to implement a site designated laydown area Not having a safe stable ground to unload Tight areas for manoeuvring plant CONSEQUENCES Strains, Sprains Hand Injuries, Head Injuries, Eye Injuries, Cuts and abrasions Crush Injuries Serious injury or Death Plant Damage Operator trapped in Plant Environmental Damage	Ensure the drivers are aware of; site layout, load/unload locations, physical aspects of the route. Changing conditions and operate to suit those conditions overhead power lines, bridges prior to commencing ground personnel, the public and other plant interacting in the area road rules, speed limits, signs and traffic control signals/systems.
	Loading
	Positive Communication between driver and excavator / loader operator Is obtained prior to entering the work area and confirmation of preferred load position
	Ensure TARE weights are not exceeded
	Ensure nothing protrudes from the body before moving
	Ensure the area is set up, so the driver drives forward out of load areas and it is not downhill, to prevent rolling back into the excavator/loader.
	Ensure operators remain in the Cabin while being loaded
	Ensure operators are aware of plant blind spots
	Unloading
	An Exclusion Zone is set up – minimum radius = height of tray + 3m
	Ensure the driver understands where each load is to be tipped, as this may vary from load to load
	When setting up Tipping Areas, consideration should be given to ground conditions, load type, angles, ground compaction, & proximity to edges. Drivers should be able to tip up/down a slope not across it.
	Ensure drivers DO NOT Reverse & Hoist tray at the same time, as this increases the chance of roll over.
	Ensure all trucks lower hoist before driving off, as failure to do so can increase risk of rollover entanglement & damage to truck
	Operators must operate within their own ability. If in doubt stop & discuss available options with supervisor and co-workers.
	Ensure any / all permits are completed (Fire ants, weeds etc)

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

MAINTENANCE OF PLANT
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Object / persons fall from height Lack of awareness of risks/hazards Lack of Training or supervision Remote or isolated work Failure to notify site personnel of works Machine fault that is potentially fatal ROP’s /FOP’s are damaged and will not work as structurally as they should in the event of a rollover. Faults are not reported machines guards are altered Slips, trips, and falls resulting in injury Permit not obtained or followed CONSEQUENCES Crush Injuries Head Injuries Serious injury or Death Sprains, Strains, Fractures, ligament damage Environmental Damage Burns / Chemical Burns Poisoning Chemical Exposure Hand injuries, head and eye injuries, cuts and abrasions	Plant prestart Only qualified persons to conduct maintenance on plant and equipment that is not part of the plant pre-start.
	Pre-starts to be completed on all plant prior to operation. ROP’s, FOP’s, safety devices and attachments must be checked.
	Three points of contact to be maintained, while conducting pre-start
	Be aware of ground conditions and remove built up mud from boots and steps, to prevent slips, trips and falls.
	Any faults identified are to be reported to the faults hotline and documented on the plant prestart.
	Only qualified, approved person/s may remove or alter machine guarding
	Maintenance of plant and equipment Any maintenance conducted onsite, must be conducted in accordance with Maintenance of Plant and Equipment Procedure IMS-02-37, including completed and approved Maintenance permit.
	Service truck and equipment to be maintained regularly, checked for fuel / oil leaks.
	Barricades & No entry signs to be erected to prevent unauthorised persons entering work areas if necessary.
	Keep bodily parts away from machinery parts that may crush, vibrate, compact, spin or cut
	De-energise all stored energies
	Lock out tags to be placed on equipment before commencing any maintenance works
	A ‘Danger - Out of Service Tag’ is to be used as a notification to other persons of any extraordinary conditions that may exist, e.g. faulty equipment. Notify supervisor, as the situation warrants.
	Tags can only be removed by the person who placed the tag. They must satisfy themselves that the equipment or service is in proper working order and that its operation will not cause damage to plant or risk injury to other persons

MAINTENANCE OF PLANT
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
	Always open the accumulator’s valve to release pressure. Hoses under pressure act as accumulators.
	Eliminate all ignition sources or heat sources from contact with hydraulic lines or escaping fluids, sprays or mists resulting from hydraulic failures.
	All swinging arms, booms, rollers, presses must be lowered or supported to eliminate the risk in the event of a hose failure. If the equipment is mobile, always chock the tires to prevent rolling.
	When conducting maintenance on hydraulic hoses ensure the hose and coupling manufacturer are the same and that they’re assembled using the manufacturer’s recommended equipment, components and procedures.
	When connecting threaded or flanged ends, follow proper torque recommendations for hydraulic hoses.
	Check hydraulic fittings prior to commission
	Fitter to observe repaired area when operator starts machine
	Recheck and retighten nuts/bolts
	Remove lock out tags when repair/Maintenance is complete.
	Any machines requiring next day maintenance function are to remain locked out in accordance with Tag and Lockout procedure IMS-02-15, area to be cordoned off with barricading and signage prior to departure

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

WORKING NEAR OVERHEAD POWER
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Energex not aware of works Lines not adequately shut off or covered or other controls in place Plant/Workers coming into close vicinity or hitting Overhead power Correct emergency procedure not being followed Delayed emergency response or lack of adequate emergency response Damage to services or infrastructure CONSEQUENCES electric shock or electrocution, Burns, Serious Injuries or Death Multiple persons injured Disruption to public assets	Planning – Energex / Ergon require 7 working days notification including pole numbers, if power is to be shut off or lines covered
	Contact Energex / Ergon for safety advice on working near Energex / Ergon Exposed Live parts” if applicable
	Identify locations of all OH Power, OH Powerlines are to be treated as live unless otherwise confirmed in writing by power company
	Plans to be attached to excavation permit where identified.
	Assess the risk of working near OH powerlines
	Plan works to limit exposure to overhead power lines and follow advice given by Energex / Ergon on the safety advice
	Have power line heights measured and documented by authorised persons
	A safety observer (spotter) is required and adequately trained & authorised by Energex / Ergon when working near overhead power. Refer to diagram 1 of this SWMS
	No person, including a contractor, is to enter the Safety Observer Zone - unless a spotter is in place
	Existing ground height should not be changed unless all staff are notified of the new clearances to the OH powerlines and approved by the supervisor.
	Powerlines must be identified with signage in high risk areas. Where possible, mark the border of the exclusion zone with suitable hazard markers eg: warning tape, dymark paint or signage
	The spotter shall not perform any other duty or observe more than one activity whilst acting as spotter and must be able to communicate effectively with the operator at all times
	Check “Exclusion Zone Chart” for allowed operating distance near live parts. (see section B)
	When moving excavators near Overhead power, ensure the boom is extended out in the lowest position and have a spotter to guide through power line areas
	Spotters are in control of the plant, they are spotting – if the operator loses site of the spotter, they are to bring the plant to a full stop until such time as the spotter is in site again.
	No raising of truck hoist under OH Power without spotter in place
	Emergency Procedure Contact Energex immediately to have the power shut off If outside the machine Stay Clear at least 8 meters Do not try to break contact between the machinery and the OHP if contact has been made If inside the machinery Stay in The Cabin Machinery operators must not leave the cabin until the OHP is deactivated and the area declared safe by the power company or their representative If evacuation is necessary, Jump Well Clear with Feet Together, Hop Away, Do Not Touch the Ground and The Machinery at The Same Time Rubber tyres may explode (not necessarily immediately) Keep well clear of power lines on the ground

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5
Diagram 5 –

WORK NEAR UNDERGROUND SERVICES
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Service Strikes Delayed Emergency Response Pot holing not completed by competent trained person Damaged underground services Failure to follow procedures and SWMS Slips, Trips and Falls Persons entering Exclusion Zones Persons falling into an excavation Further damage to assets Combustion Explosions CONSEQUENCES Serious Injuries or Death Sprains, Strains, fractures, ligament/joint damage, lacerations Infection / Disease Electrocution Electrical Burns Disruption to public assets	Review Works and Requirements for job and complete Risk Assessment for all works. Prior to commencing excavation around live services, a documented risk assessment must be undertaken to confirm adequacy of required controls
	Project team undertake site inspections to confirm site conditions and underground services using site drawings, DBYD and other visual indicators such as Pits, Valves, Marked Poles and Overhead Power to mark out services. Steps 1-2 is all about planning and making sure all current lives services are identified prior to works taking place, planning works and reconciling DBYD with what is in the ground.
	No mechanical tools to be used near services, all services must be positively identified using Vacuum Excavation or Hand Digging using Non- Conductive Hand Tools.  If any excavation is within 3 meters of services.
	Blade Buckets must be used when excavating near known services
	Once the location of live services is confirmed, their location should be clearly marked on the ground using the following method: Pothole markers 100mm PVC pipe inserted into pothole (this prevents earth falling back into the pothole and maintains visibility of the service Conduit with signage indicating type of service & depth
	Distance between potholes (and markers) should not exceed 5m and be no longer than 3 meters in high risk areas, the distance chosen between potholes must be detailed in Risk Assessment, outlining clearly risk based justification for distance chosen.
	Fully expose and visually Identify where live services intersect with any planned excavation profile. In such scenarios the service must be fully exposed 500mm either side of the trench at the point of intersection by vacuum excavation or hand digging.
	Ensure Excavation Permits are issued/understood and signed onto by all relevant workers
	Follow the Excavation procedure IMS-02-05
	Clear area of obstructions, walk over ground to be excavated if required to excavate.
	Where possible, mark the border of the exclusion zone with suitable hazard markers eg: warning tape, dymark paint or signage
	No machine work within exclusion zone as per Service Owners relevant guidelines.
	Barricade open excavations, if left unattended for any period of time and the trench poses a risk to other workers or public.
	If damage is caused to the service. Immediately stop work, create an exclusion zone, contact site supervisor and contact asset owner immediately to have the asset switched off

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

Diagram 6 – Service Strikes

TRENCHING AND EXCAVATING
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Not following Excavation Procedure Attachment or load falling on worker Plant hitting or running over person Relevant controls outlined in permit not being followed Access and egress, slip trip or fall Ladder moving Trench Collapse Persons falling into trench exposed to dust Engulfment, Shoring boxes breaking, Plant/Trucks to fall into trench shields falling on worker unable to access or exit trench after collapse Delayed emergency response CONSEQUENCES serious injury or death serious sprain, strain or fractures Asphyxiation Engulfment Drowning	Excavation Procedure IMS-02-35 must be followed
	Excavator bucket must be engaged as per manual. In regards to quick hitches  A correct bump and drag test followed by crouching the bucket so as to view the rear hitch and ensure that it is correctly engaged will ensure that the hitch is correctly engaged before use.
	No worker to be in the drop zone of the Slew Radius (height divided by 1/2, eg 4m high = drop zone 2m) until the bucket is below chest height of the worker and the plant / excavator is in lift / crane mode.
	No worker permitted inside the blind spot of any plant (see diagram 7) until positive communication is made with the driver and the plant is in park position and all attachments are lowered and disengaged.
	Excavation Permit IMS-05-17 must be in place with DBYD and relevant plans attached.
	The site foreman should be risk assessing permit requirements on a case by case basis.  Where working around live services, permit should be opened and closed on a day to day basis. Where working around services that are not live, permits could be opened for a maximum period of one week. When conducting bulk earthworks in Greenfield sites where there are no known services, permits can be valid for the duration of the works.
	Ladders or stepped access and egress are to be utilised. where people are in trench. The access/egress points must be no further than 9m away.
	Three points of contact to be maintained during use of ladder
	Where feasible a trench platform and fixed ladder should be used. Refer to Diagrams Trench Box set up of this SWMS
	Ladder to be anchored/secured or supported during use and removed during trench shield movement
	Barricade installed at least 1.5m back from edge of excavation, with “Deep Excavation” Signage.
	Trenches / Excavations over 900mm deep must be barricaded if unattended
	Monitor dust levels and suppress using water as required
	Surrounding water to be monitored for risk of penetrating trench
	Entry to trench/excavation not permitted, until shoring or benching is installed
	Trenches may need to be battered, benched or shored depending on ground conditions. Ensure that all shoring or benching has been carried out correctly
	All benching is not more than 1:1 and in accordance with the Excavation Code of Practice.
	Benching depths of a maximum of 1.5m - Depending on ground conditions benching depths may need to be less than 1.5 meters. Any benching above 1.5m must be approved and signed off provided by Geotech engineer
	Soil is not to be loaded on the side of the trench within 1m of the zone of influence of the trench. Refer zone of influence Diagram 7
	Shoring must be conducted using certified boxes only, approved types include: hydraulic systems, steel sheet piling, steel trench sheeting, precast concrete panels
	No operation of plant/trucks or workers within the Zone of influence. Diagram 7
	Exclusion zone to be established whilst installing or moving shield or plates
	Regular Inspections of trench must be undertaken on a regular basis to ensure it is safe as per Shadforth Excavation procedure.
R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

Diagram 7 – Zone of Influence
Diagram 8 – Trench Box Set up
Scenario 1 – Double Trench Box or Manhole Box
Confined space, regardless of whether end plates are in place. Harness to be worn by all workers attached to davit arm while entering and exiting the box

Scenario 2 – Single Trench Box or Manhole Box
Deemed a Confined Space. Davit Arm and Rescue Kit are required to be on standby (within 20m of trench box and accessible)

Scenario 3 – Single Trench Box or Manhole Box
3m or less from top of box level to deepest part of trench. There must be no risk associated with engulfment or hazardous atmospheres. This must be assessed in line with the code of practice. Must have graded / Stepped access at one end.

INSTALLATION OF TRENCH SHIELDS AND PLATES
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Unloading near persons or work area slip trip fall hazard in work area Lose control of load or Load falling on worker Shoring box not assembled correctly Lift point failing causing load to drop on worker Lifting of load that is too heavy causing lift to fail Incorrect lifting technique increasing Chains breaking causing load to fall Worker in trench at risk of box falling on them Risk of worker falling in trench Engulfment of trench between bottom of trench box and base of trench Loose items falling into trench hitting worker Person falling into trench Access and egress, Slip trip or fall causing serious sprain strain or break, unable to access or exit trench after collapse Ladder falling causing worker to fall off ladder Lack of or Incorrect PPE worn, cuts, abrasions, crushed, breaks CONSEQUENCES Serious injury or death Serious sprain, strain or fractures Asphyxiation Engulfment	Trench boxes to be unloaded in designated lay down area.
	Tag lines to be attached to components when lifting and control is required
	Workers to be clear of the load and loads are not permitted to be lifted over people.
	Shoring box is to be dismantled, assembled or adjusted by competent persons only, as per manufacturer’s recommendations.
	Lift point on plant to be certified and stamped.
	SWL to be checked on all plant
	Correct lifting techniques to be used on the cranage and lifting of the box. Refer to Crane Operations Procedure IMS-02-33
	Chains and slings to be tested and tagged and visually inspected
	Exclusion zone to be maintained during shoring box installation. Workers / persons are not permitted in or around the trench during the installation.
	Trench to be excavated to the correct size for the installation of the shoring box
	Shoring box to be installed to the base of the trench, unless approved by geotechnical engineer and must extend 300mm above ground height to prevent items being kicked / knocked into the trench and hand rails are to be fitted to extend 900mm above ground height
	All loose items to be 2m back from edge of trench
	Areas not protected by handrails must have barricade installed 1.5m back from edge of excavation, with “Deep Excavation” Signage.
	Access and egress to shoring box maintained at all times.
	Ladders are to be secured with ladder strap and be appropriate for the task
	All persons to wear correct PPE while in shoring box

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

CRANE OPERATIONS
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS No following safe procedure Poor planning lift completed in an unsafe manner Adequate controls not being implemented Plant hitting overhead powerline Ground Giving Way / Plant instability Slips Trips and Falls Lose control of load / Load falling Lift point breaking Operator lifting load that is to heavy Operators not competent Persons entering exclusion zone Plant or attachments hitting person/s Plant or person being hit by boom swing Loads hitting person or plant Hose failure causing load to fall The drive lever could be knocked causing boom to hit worker Release of stored energy Load drift into person or plant Plant / Crane Tip over / not positioned correctly Suspended slab collapsing CONSEQUENCES Serious Injury or Death Crush Injuries Head Injuries Disruption to public assets	Crane Operations Procedure IMS-02-33 must be followed. Refer to procedure for licencing requirement for Dual Lifts.
	Lift plan to be completed for critical lifts by the supervisor
	Simple Lift Plan IMS-05-97 and Lifting Task Assessment IMS-05-83 completed and in place for all simple lifts
	Clear area of obstructions make sure ground is firm, level, and the area is spacious enough. Visually check for overhead powerlines and other obstructions
	Ground to be inspected under outrigger position
	Isolate area from workers, that are not assisting
	Lifting points on Plant are to be certified
	Use tag lines on items which require guiding into place where appropriate
	Use swift lifts were appropriate
	Never stand under a suspended load and ensure nobody is in the vicinity of the suspended load
	The correct weight of the load must be obtained by the operator prior to the lift.
	Assess weight of load and ensure cranes SWL is adhered to
	All plant for load shifting are required to display their SWL.
	Take care when securing load and ensure correct PPE is worn
	Ensure all chains, slings, and lifting aids are designed to take the weight of the load, tested and in date, and free from defects
	Plant is only to be operated by persons holding appropriate qualifications and VOC.
	Before reversing, the operator is responsible for ensuring that no person/ workers are in close proximity to the vehicle.
	Appropriate work areas are to be set up where there is the chance of unauthorised persons entering the work area. Exclusion zones with ‘No Entry’ signs are to be used. These zones are to be co-ordinated with site management.
	Do not walk behind machinery that is being operated
	Use a spotter to ensure an exclusion zone of at least the length of the boom swing, is kept around operating plant where necessary
	All lifting and lowering of loads only to be done whilst machine is stationary, or loads are to be carried at a low level with all workers outside the exclusion zone.
	When attaching chains/slings to an excavator in crane mode, the excavator operator must disengage the drive lever prior to the task being undertaken

CRANE OPERATIONS
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
	Get spotters/operators attention before entering work / exclusion zone.
	Do not enter work/exclusion zone of operating plant without operator permission.
	Heavy formwork to be lifted by excavator (anti hose burst protection must be fitted to excavator used in crane mode).
	De-energise all stored energies
	Mechanical motion can be dangerous. Watch out for swinging arms, booms, rollers, presses — anything that moves can be dangerous if a hose fails. For example, when a hose bursts, objects supported by fluid pressure may fall, and vehicles or machines may lose their brakes. If the equipment is mobile, always chock the tires to prevent rolling.
	The load should be checked to ensure sufficient clearance if the load should shift.
	Position of the crane for lifting to ensure that sufficient area is provided for outriggers or stabilisers to be adequately extended and packed,
	If you are unsure of the condition of the ground, a geo-tech certificate must be obtained to ensure safe operation of the crane/excavator/HiAb, prior to the lift being commenced,
	If the crane/excavator/HiAb is to be set-up on a suspended slab, an engineer’s certificate must be obtained to ensure that the total weight of the crane/excavator/HiAb, the load and any lifting gear employed can be supported, or that sufficient support will be provided to ensure safe operation, prior to the lift being commenced,
	The size of the load must be combined with the height to be lifted and the radius to ensure that the load will not become “boom-proud”.
	When outriggers are out of sight, the operator will ensure that a lookout or observer will keep people away when retracting the outriggers,
	Once the crane/excavator/HiAb is secured, the operator will remove all equipment put in place for the control of traffic and pedestrians, and then move the crane/excavator/HiAb to a safe area.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

WORKING ADJACENT TO A ROAD
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Traffic management Plan not implemented / communicated effectively TMP not available to refer to onsite Lack of or incompetent traffic control Failure to comply with MUTCD Slips, Trips and Falls Incorrect signage in place Speeding vehicles Correct controls not in place People and plant unaware of plants position or intention to reverse Persons driving plant not seeing workers Incorrect set up of traffic controls Relevant hazards not assessed and/or lack of communication with workers Controls not adequately marked Traffic signage not set up correctly Workers and other persons entering exclusion zone Traffic Controllers not aware of TGS Workers on site not aware of any changes on site or new hazards Works not being kept to required standard CONSEQUENCES Traffic accidents Persons being hit by vehicles/plant Serious injury or death Serious sprain strain or fractures	Traffic Management Plan (TMP) or associated TGS is in place, where required and a copy is available on site
	Traffic controllers (Ticketed and competent) to be used, where identified in the traffic management plan
	All works, signage and Barricading/delineation will comply with the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD)
	Ensure any control devices applied do not become a potential hazard to workers or pedestrians or vehicles.
	Correct signage will be identified and displayed before work begins, as per the traffic management plan / TGS.
	Signage devices will be set up at correct distances, heights and kept in clean and good condition.
	Local speed shall be reduced to an acceptable level.
	Vehicle Safe ways shall be clearly identified and maintained at a safe level.
	Road closure permits to be obtained where required.
	Mobile plant / Vehicles to be fitted with warning devices - operating flashing lights & reverse beepers and signage if necessary - vehicle frequently stopping
	All persons working in vicinity of mobile plant or operating in poor/low light conditions will wear high visibility clothing.
	Where long-term works exist (more than one shift) correct suitable delineation (eg. Flashing lights or reflecting bollards) shall be installed and checked by a responsible person at the end of each shift.
	Risk assessment must be conducted prior to any night works commencing.
	Safety devices (eg witches’ hats) to be used around high risk work sites (e.g. traffic islands)
	Supervisor to check that pre- start traffic signage checklist has been completed and documented
	Exclusion zones and hazard warning signs (where required) displayed before work commences.
	Effective reliable communications available on site.
	Check barricading and signage is in place at the start, middle and at the end of each shift
	Ensure approved TGS is held by traffic controllers
	Ongoing risk assessments are conducted during the project and discussed at toolbox meetings.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

WORKING ADJACENT TO WATER
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Not knowing depth of water, worker falling into water Plant falling into water Operator unable to get out of plant should it fall into water Delayed or incorrect or non- existent emergency response Workers not appropriately trained Site hazards not communicated, no controls in place Worker entering work zone or area that would put them at risk No available first aid kits or limited stock Pollution of site and associated water ways Members of the public unaware of works. Complaints to council and the client. Rescue equipment not available or not in good working order Plant rolling off edge and rolling into water Unsafe work surfaces Flooding, slippery ground safe systems of work not being adhered Staff on the ground have no UHF or means of communication. Barricade is left down or not in place. Falls or enter the exclusion zone Untrained operators Incorrect PPE CONSEQUENCES Drowning Serious sprain strain or Fractures Environmental Damage Plant / Asset Damage Contamination to flora, fauna or waterway	Clear area of obstructions, walk over ground to be worked and ensure proximity to water will not result in a machine slide or persons falling in
	Assess the stability of the work surface and Identify unsafe areas which may affect plant stability
	Determine the depth of water and if it is affected by tidal flow and its impact on the work
	Determine if it is possible to work from level areas, including temporary pads
	Work with site management and the WHSE advisor to devise and implement emergency procedures based on site conditions.
	Ensure all workers and operators are instructed in and understand the safe system of work and emergency procedures.
	Select the appropriate plant for the task and the site conditions
	Ensure all safety features and emergency exits on mobile plant are in working order
	Locate all above and below ground services prior to work commencing.
	Erect exclusion zone if necessary, to prevent workers being put at unnecessary risk
	A first aid person with Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation training is to be available on site where there is a risk of drowning to workers.
	Identify a spotter to oversee works operating near water
	Ensure that vehicles do not pollute the area with oil, fuel or other substances.
	If working in public areas, ensure that signage has been displayed to advise the public of vehicles working in the area - Restrict access to the area if possible.
	Ensure that site personnel do not work alone, where there is a risk of injury or drowning.
	Rescue equipment must be provided, maintained, easily accessible and all workers trained in its use.
	Slopes must be treated as significant hazards and edge protection should be placed around any water filled excavation.
	Monitor the site for any changes in the work surface and to ensure that the safe systems of work are being adhered to.
	Work to suit the weather conditions, heavy rain can make the worksite unsafe.
	Do not work in low light conditions.
	Effective communication is to be available for use should an emergency arise, and medical assistance is required.
	Ensure that appropriate and mandatory PPE is used at all times
	Clean vehicles of any mud or sand that may be adhering to it and contain the run off by appropriate means.
	Safe removal of all plant from the site.
	Removal of signage and barricades once area clear of workers
	Ensure works do not leave a future slip hazard for other workers or members of public.
	Ensure any barricades that may have been removed during setup, are returned safely to prevent future incidents

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

HOT WORKS
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Poor planning and/or supervision Lack of understanding or Failing to follow controls/permit Workers not adequately trained No written authority in place No one present to help inured person or respond to emergency Slip trip or fall Other Workers/Person entering high risk works area Signs not readily visible not being able to suppress fire Risk of any fire or explosion spreading further than isolated area Not following confined space controls Workers Breathing in hazardous fumes hot surfaces Fire and explosion, Flashback Works not closed out CONSEQUENCES Hand Injuries, head Injuries, Eye Injuries, cuts and abrasions, Delayed emergency response leading to worsening of any injured persons condition serious injury or death Burns, Dehydration, heat exhaustion, heat stroke	Hot Works Procedure IMS-02-28 must be followed
	All work is to be planned and supervised.
	Any staff who undertake hot work must be appropriately trained for the task and must not commence work prior to obtaining a valid written authority — Hot Work Permit IMS-05-18
	No person is to commence hot works in a hazardous area, on their own and a record of their presence is to be maintained.
	Poly butt welding is considered hot works.
	Ensure control measures are implemented as per permits
	Ensure safe access and egress to the area.
	Ensure that hoses and leads do not become a trip hazard. Power supply cords shall be kept as short as possible.
	Ensure the area has been signposted or barricaded to prevent unauthorised entry
	Signage devices shall be clean and in good condition.
	Ensure personnel and equipment are available to execute a rescue where control measures cannot otherwise ensure that: there is no risk of fire or explosion, the work performed doesn’t generate a risk to health and safety. Equipment to be in close proximity to work zone.
	Equipment required is to include personnel protective equipment (PPE), first aid, and fire suppression equipment
	Ensure, where possible, that the area has been isolated.
	If hot work is required to be conducted in a confined space, then all confined space procedures and permits must also be complied with.
	Care is also required with the finished product which will be VERY hot.
	Depending on the item being welded and its location the fumes generated may be hazardous to health and precautions should be taken. Mechanical ventilation or local exhaust at the arc to direct the fume plume away from the face can be used.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

WORKING AT HEIGHTS – Above 2m
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Failing to follow procedures and control measures Slip trip or fall Worker/persons entering work zone or area Persons/ objects / attachments falling from height Incorrect equipment being used Ladder break Incorrect ladder Ladders not secured Ladders angle is not to the 4 in 1 ratio Ladder is damaged. Electric shock CONSEQUENCES Serious injury or Death Hand Injuries, Head Injuries, Eye Injuries, Cuts and Abrasions Serious sprains, strains or fractures Electrocution	Working at Heights Procedure IMS-02-21 must be followed
	Wear appropriate/mandatory PPE as per safety induction & procedure.
	Conduct hazard Inspection and risk assessment of work area and remove hazards or put in place control measures.
	Where electrical hazards exist, the ladder used must be made of non-conductive material i.e.; timber.
	Three (3) points of contact must be maintained at all times whilst on the ladder -.i.e. 1 foot and 2 hands or 2 feet and 1 hand
	Implement exclusion zones, hazard markers, signs, equipment, emergency response equipment & PPE
	Signs will adequately indicate to the members of the public; The nature of the workplace, that unauthorised entry to the workplace is not allowed and the direction the pedestrians or traffic is to move.
	Be aware of persons, plant, equipment, buildings & weather conditions and take necessary precautions.
	Edge Protection including handrail/ kick boards to be used as required.
	Fall restraint System and Fall Arrest System to be used as required
	Use an Elevated Work Platform (EWP) to gain access if necessary.
	When working at height on plant – Will have suitable means of access/egress. Where tools may fall, a tool lanyard will be used. Isolation procedures to be implemented if required. All servicing to be carried out by competent person. Lower all attachments to ground.
	Ladders are generally used for access above ground level or to gain access to a difficult work area.
	Equipment used for the purpose for which it was designed.
	Is no longer than 6.1m (single ladder) or 9.2m extension ladder used to do electrical work, or 7.5m for other extension ladders
	Use a ladder that is suitable for job and conforms to AS/NZS 1892.
	Is not used to support a weight greater than that for which it was designed.

WORKING AT HEIGHTS – Above 2m
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
	Ladders that are damaged are to be taken out of service and labelled with a ‘Danger – Out of Service’ tag.
	Use an Industrial type ladder with a load rated not less than 120kg
	Step ladders are only to be used in the fully open position.
	When on a ladder the user must be facing the ladder at all times.
	Any tools or equipment to be carried up the ladder must be in a backpack, tool belt or other means to ensure that the user’s hands remain free.
	A second person shall foot the ladder whilst in use.
	The ladder must be positioned at a slope of 4 in 1 (for every metre in height the base of the ladder should be set back 250 mm).
	Where tools may fall from height a tool lanyard will be used.
	Tools, plant and equipment used at height will be kept at a minimum.
	Tools /equipment will not be left where they can be knocked or fall over edge.
	No more than one person shall be on a ladder at any time.

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

CONFINED SPACE
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Gas detector not operated correctly fire and explosion No person presents to help injured person or respond to emergency flammable atmospheres Non-compliant with legislative requirements No awareness of confined space works being undertaken, incorrect controls not in place work area not adequately isolated Worker or Unauthorised person entering confined space risk of engulfment Asphyxiation Respiratory protection not working Harness breaking No awareness of any issues for persons in confined space heat, Persons left in confined space Members of public access confined space Confined space left open Incorrect Techniques being used CONSEQUENCES Serious injury or death Burns Asphyxiation Heat stroke/stress, exhaustion	Confined Space Procedure IMS-02-02 must be followed
	All work is to be planned and supervised
	Any staff that enters or may be required to enter a confined space must be trained in working in a confined space and must never enter a confined space prior to obtaining written authority (Confined Space Entry Permit – IMS-05-05).
	Use direct reading gas detectors to test atmosphere of confined space. Gas detector must be operated by a competent person, calibrated and maintained.
	Helmets with Straps must be worn to avoid helmets falling
	Tools must have lanyard attached or placed into suitable bucket for the task.  All tools and equipment to be left 1m back from confined space if there is a risk from falls from height
	Initial testing should be done from outside the confined space by inserting a sample probe and/or portable gas detection device at appropriately selected access holes, nozzles and openings. Because contaminants can settle at different levels, each part of the confined space should be tested – side to side and top to bottom
	Atmospheric testing and monitoring shall be carried out consistent with the hazards identified and the findings of the risk assessment.
	No person is to work in a confined space without a spotter
	Ensure personnel and equipment are available to execute a rescue where control measures cannot otherwise ensure that:
	A record of each person within a confined space and each person required for stand-by purposes should be maintained.
	The written authority should be displayed in a prominent place, preferably adjacent to the confined space, to facilitate signing and clearance.
	Appropriate emergency response and first aid procedures and provisions shall be planned, established and rehearsed.
	Where possible the confined space should be isolated — withdrawn from service. Where not possible workers must be protected from engulfment or introduced hazardous atmospheres.
	Ensure the confined space has been purged and/or cleaned
	Ensure the area has been signposted and barricaded to prevent unauthorised entry
	The equipment shall be appropriate to the work being conducted and the specific confined space. All employees, inside and outside of the confined space, will be trained in the use of all the safety equipment.
	Respiratory protection devices must comply with AS/NZS 1716 and/or 1715.
	Where safety harnesses and lines are required, they must comply with AS/NZS 1891.1
	If found necessary ventilation will be provided to the confined space prior to entry and during occupancy. Ventilation should be by natural, forced or mechanical means to establish and maintain a safe atmosphere. Any contaminants removed from the confined space should only be exhausted to the atmosphere at a location where they do not represent a risk.

CONFINED SPACE
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
	Where flammable atmospheres exist eliminate all sources of ignition. Hot work is not permitted to commence in a confined space until a hot work permit has been issued and until the atmosphere has been purged and no longer presents a hazard to personnel. Fans used to exhaust flammable contaminants should be intrinsically safe.
	Where necessary, reference should be made to AS/NZS 1020 to guard against static electricity discharge.
	Communication and where possible, observation should be maintained between those in the confined space and the stand-by person. This can be achieved by voice, radio, hand signals, hard wired communications or other appropriate means.
	In confined spaces where flammable conditions could exist, radios should be intrinsically safe.
	Electrical equipment where used in a confined space and connected to an external supply should comply with AS/NZS 3100 and where required, installed in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
	Portable electrical equipment should be connected to an earth-free, protected extra-low voltage supply from an isolating transformer (AS/NZS 3108) which is located outside the confined space.
	Protected through RCD (AS 3190) located external confined space.
	Must be intrinsically safe where there is a potential for combustibles.
	The use of hazardous substances in a confined space should be avoided wherever possible. If the substance must be used, the area must be well ventilated at all times and PPE worn in accordance to that specified on the MSDS. Personnel must be familiar with the product prior to using it in a confined space and a copy of the MSDS for the product must be readily available when and where it is being used.
	Dependant on the work being undertaken in the confined space and the conditions within the confined space, the workers should be monitored to prevent over exertion and/or collapse from fatigue. This can also be achieved by job rotation.
	Entry and re-entry to any confined space must only be allowed after the completion of all required documentation. Re-entry to the confined space is to be treated in the same manner as the initial entry.
	It is to be acknowledged in writing that work in the confined space has been completed and that all persons involved in the work have left the space before authorisation for the return to service of the confined space is made.
	Closure of entry to confined space as appropriate.
	Removal of means of isolation

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5

PIT CONSTRUCTION AND CONCRETING
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
HAZARDS Not following relevant procedure Workers struck by plant/ vehicles Vehicles/plant roll over edges of batters and stockpiles Worker entering work zone or area fall from height unsafe lifting controls not implemented Open pits Workers hit by objects Wrong tools used Trip hazards - wire Unsecured loads Boom not isolated Falls from ladders Slurry enters the eyes Inadequate Barricading Trench collapse. Incorrect lifting Workers are crushed, or body parts pinched. Incorrect lifting point used Swift lifts are damaged or do not lock onto the lifting point. CONSEQUENCES Entangled Body Parts Impalement muscle fatigue repetitive strain movements. Back injuries, strains and sprains injuries. lime burns or other skin conditions, Damage to water ways and habitats and protected flora and fauna Crush Injuries	Entry to pits procedure to be followed (see diagram 9) & confined space SWMS to be followed
	Be aware of reversing trucks and have a spotter designated for all deliveries of concrete and materials
	Be aware of mobile plant working in the area and create an exclusion zone where there is a risk of mobile plant interaction
	Barricades & No entry signs to be erected to prevent unauthorised persons entering work areas if necessary.
	All lifting to be conducted in accordance with Lifting Section of this document.
	When working with a concrete pump keep hands, arms, legs and feet away from the hopper grate whenever the pump is running. Never remove the hopper grate while the pump is running and never stand or walk on the hopper grate regardless of whether the pump is running or not
	Do not jump over or try to negotiate across formwork – go around it
	All steel fixing shall be conducted from one end of the work area and progress to completion of the work area where practical
	Vertical starter bars shall be cogged to allow safe access to the work area or safety caps shall be positioned on vertical starter bars to render them safe prior to access to the work area
	Nips are to be used in all areas where tie wire is used to tie steel & where practical bend wire tie ends over after nipping end
	Tie wire rolls are to be housed in belt reels and the belt reels are to be utilised at all times by the steel fixers to prevent the wire whipping back and striking the eyes.
	Heavy formwork to be lifted by excavator (anti hose burst protection must be fitted to excavator used in crane mode).
	When attaching chains/slings to an excavator in crane mode, the excavator operator must disengage the drive lever prior to task undertaken.
	If ladder is used to access pit it must be secured
	The ladder has a load rating of at least 120 kg and is industrial
	Have 3 points of contact on the ladder at all times
	Pour platforms with hand rail must be used where pit is 2m or greater above working height. All working at heights controls must be used as per working at heights procedure IMS-02-21
	Correct PPE to be worn while handling concrete
	All barricade must be installed correctly without sagging or gaps and star picket caps must be in place.
	Barricade open excavations if left unattended for any period of time and the trench poses a risk to other workers or public.

PIT CONSTRUCTION AND CONCRETING
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures
	Manhole forms to be lifted by lifting points only
	No workers to be inside or against the form while it is being “slipped”
	Slipped manhole forms must be supported to prevent unexpected movement.
	Manhole components need to be lifted from designated lifting points i.e aspro’s, necks, lintels and precast components
	Swift lifts need to be checked for current testing and any visible damage before use. If in doubt they need to be tagged out and reported to the supervisor
	Install gutter flow collectors where required & comply with site environmental controls for concrete wash out

R1 = E24	If Control Measures are altered R2 rating must be reassessed	R2 = L5
Diagram 9 – Entry to Pits

Scenario 1 Pit with manhole form Person entering to be fitted with harness and safety line First ladder to be installed and ladder strapped to be installed Carabina to be installed on lifting point of manhole form Rope safety line and rope adjuster installed to Carabina point Second ladder to be passed up by spotter Second ladder to have ladder strap installed Spotter to be present, at all times Emergency procedure Extraction by excavator that is fitted with anti-burst protection and correct shackle	
Scenario 2 Pit not live less than 2m Person entering to be fitted with harness and safety line Test air quality with gas monitor Tripod to be available for immediate rescue Ladder to be installed and secure Spotter to monitor safety line Emergency procedure Extraction by tripod	
Scenario 3-  Pit not live with aspro Confined space Person entering to be fitted with harness / safety line Test air quality with gas monitor Person entering to be secured to tripod Ladder to be installed and secure Spotter to monitor safety line on tripod Emergency procedure Extraction by tripod	
Scenario 4 Pit live no aspro confined space Person entering to be fitted with harness and safety line Test air quality with gas monitor Person entering to be secured to tripod Ladder to be installed and secure Spotter to monitor safety line on tripod Emergency procedure Extraction by tripod	
Scenario 5 Pit live with aspro confined space Person entering to be fitted with harness and safety line Test air quality with gas monitor Person entering to be secured to tripod Ladder to be installed and secure Spotter to monitor safety line on tripod Emergency procedure Extraction by tripod	

INSITU MANHOLES & LARGE PIT CONSTRUCTION
Hazard / Risk	Control Measures	
HAZARDS Not following relevant procedure Workers struck by plant/ vehicles Vehicles/plant roll over edges of batters and stockpiles Worker entering work zone or area fall from height unsafe lifting controls not implemented Open pits Workers hit by objects Wrong tools used Trip hazards - wire Unsecured loads Boom not isolated Falls from ladders Slurry enters the eyes Inadequate Barricading Trench collapse. Incorrect lifting Workers are crushed, or body parts pinched. Incorrect lifting point used Swift lifts are damaged or do not lock onto the lifting point. CONSEQUENCES Entangled Body Parts Impalement muscle fatigue repetitive strain movements. Back injuries, strains and sprains injuries. lime burns or other skin conditions, Damage to water ways and habitats and protected flora and fauna Crush Injuries	To be read in conjunction with PIT CONSTRUCTION AND CONCRETING section of this SWMS	
	Manhole / pit base to be excavated to allow safe access to all sides of the construction	
	Entry and egress must be provided to the excavation and work areas i.e secured ladder, sand bag steps, smooth / even ramp or evenly cut steps	
	Where the excavation is supported by a shoring box all accessible sides must have hand rails (sides may be excluded with the use of barricaded exclusion zones) and box is to be installed in line with the TRENCHING AND EXCAVATING section of this SWMS	
	The work area around the manhole / pit must be free of excess material and must be a level, clean area with consideration of slips trips and falls hazards	
	Drainage gravel to be used to create a level work platform around the base of the manhole / pit	
	When placing materials such as reo steel bar, steel mesh, form board, manhole / pit drum consideration is to be given to manual handling and slips trips falls (workers having clear access to the materials and a clear path to move the materials to the work face)	
	Excavation to be checked for correct size and to allow for access before bottom steel is installed	
	Caps to be placed on all starter bars as they are installed from the base up	
	No standing on top of pipes that are entering the manhole / pit unless filled on both sides to the crown of the pipe	
	Where requiring a poly liner, the liner is to be fitted to the drum before drum is lowered into the excavation	
	Fitting of the liner is to be completed using a platform ladder or approved trestles on level ground, no working off single or extension ladders	
	Internal form to be installed prior to reo steel being installed to walls (reduces the risk of falls into the manhole)	
	When lowering or lifting the manhole components no worker must be inside the drop zone of the suspended load (height divided by 1/2, eg 4m high = drop zone 2m) until the bucket is below chest height of the worker	
	Once the inner form has been installed the manhole / pit is considered a confined space and any entry into the manhole / pit must follow the confined space procedure	
	The external form is to be lowered in place in either parts or complete depending on the size and position of the structure with consideration of the height of the steel that the form must go over and safe access for workers / dogman to position the form	
	Safe access must be provided for the workers to install the pour deck and pour the manhole via, scaffold (suspended or mobile) platform ladder or approved trestles on level ground	
	Workers are not to be on