Approved Reference Documents - 132001.210127.3

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document: Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan
Client: Ozcare

Project Number: J000542

Project: Material Change of Use

Site: Lot 9 on RP225312
100 Cooyar St, NOOSA HEADS QLD 4567

File Ref: C:\ CLIENTS\OZCARE — 100 COOYAR STREET, NOOSA HEADS\04
REPORTING\02_BHAMP\Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 -
100 Cooyar St NOOSA HEADS.docx

        

1 08/12/2022

Ashely Everton—Ethos J. Isaacs (B. Env Sc.) Joshua Lee

Urban Environmental Scientist;  (B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ)
Joshua Lee - Director
(B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ,

- mFPA, mESA) a,
2 21/03/2023 - Director UFC et
ve]
DISCLAIMER

To the extent permitted by law, North Coast Environmental Services (including its employees, partners and consultants) excludes
all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses, and any other
compensation, arising directly or indirectly, from using this publication (in part or whole) and any information or material contained
init.

 

 

© 2023 i

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 4

1.1 BACKGROUND 4
1.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY BUSHFIRE INTENSITY OVERLAY MAP 4
1.3. DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL 4
2 SITE DESCRIPTION 5

2.1 GENERAL 5
2.2 TOPOGRAPHY 5
2.3. VEGETATION WITHIN THE SITE 6
2.4 VEGETATION EXTERNAL OF THE SITE 6
2.5 PAST FIRE HISTORY 7
3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT 8

3.1 HAZARD ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 8
3.1.1 LOCAL HAZARD AREA MAP 8
3.2 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASSES . 9
3.2.1 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 22.1 — MELALEUCA OPEN FORESTS ON SEASONALLY INUNDATED
LOWLAND COASTAL SWAMPS 9
3.2.2. VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 29.2 — WOODLANDS ASSOCIATED WITH HEATHLANDS, SCRUBS AND
SHRUBLANDS 9
3.2.3 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 34.5 — SEDGELAND DOMINATED WETLANDS 10
3.2.4 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 39.2 — LOW TO MODERATE TREE COVER IN BUILT UP AREAS 10
3.3. POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY CLASSES 13
3.4 BUSHFIRE HAZARD SUB-UNITS 13
3.5 | OVERALL LOCAL HAZARD MAP 13
3.6 QUANTITATIVE MODELLING 16
4 BUSHFIRE RISK ASSESSMENT 20

4.1 METHODOLOGY 20
4.2 RISK FROM IDENTIFIED HAZARDOUS VEGETATION 21
5 BUSHFIRE IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES 25

5.1 GENERAL 25
5.2 ASSET PROTECTION ZONES 25
5.2.1 GENERAL 25
5.2.2. AGED CARE FACILITY — ‘VULNERABLE USE’ SETBACK 25
5.3. WATER SUPPLY 26
5.4 FIRE BREAKS 26
5.5 VEHICULAR ACCESS 27
5.6 LANDSCAPING AND REGROWTH 28
5.7 GENERAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE 29
5.8 BUSHFIRE EVACUATION 29
6 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD 3959:2018 CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN

BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS (AS 3959:2018) SETBACKS 30

7 LEGISLATION AND OVERLAYS 32

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.1 NOOSA PLAN 2020 — NATURAL HAZARDS OVERLAY CODE 32
7.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY — NATURAL HAZARDS, RISK AND RESILIENCE 36
8 CONCLUSIONS 38

8.1 CERTIFICATION MATTERS 38
9 REFERENCES 39
APPENDIX 1 - SITE LAYOUT 40
APPENDIX 2 — EVACUATION PLAN 41
APPENDIX 3 — FIRE BREAK APPROVALS 42
APPENDIX 4 — RADIANT HEAT FLUX CALCULATIONS FOR PROPOSED

SEPARATION 43
APPENDIX 5 — RADIANT HEAT BARRIER CALCULATION 46

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 . NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to assess and manage
the degree of potential bushfire hazard and associated risk acting on Lot 9 on RP225312 located at
100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads, QLD (herein referred to as ‘the site’). The site is the subject of a
Material Change of Use (MCU) development application to be submitted to Noosa Shire Council.
This assessment is to be used to assist Council with their decision-making process.

1.2 State Planning Policy Bushfire Intensity Overlay Map

The site is mapped under the State Planning Policy (SPP) (refer to Plate 1) as containing the
following Potential Bushfire Intensity areas:

e High Potential Bushfire Intensity area;
e Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity area; and
e Potential Impact Buffer.

jery High Potential Bushfire Intensity
Y PBB igh Potentis! Sushfire intensity
H MMedium Potentis! Bushfire Intensity
KQpotentisi impsct Buffer

  

 

Plate 1 = SPP Bushfire Intensity Mapping Overlay

1.3 Development Proposal

It is understood the proponent seeks to conduct extensive renovations to the existing Aged Care
Facility onsite. No increase in the number of people living or congregating on premises is proposed.
The Plan of Development has been provided as Appendix 1.

The proposed development is a residential care facility and community care centre hence meets the
definition of a vulnerable use pursuant to Table 3 in the Department of Infrastructure, Local
Government and Planning’s Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience — Bushfire (December 201 9)
State Planning Policy — state interest guidance material.

 

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

2 Site Description

2.1 General

The site is zoned as Community Facilities within the Noosa Plan 2020 and covers approximately 2.5
ha in the southern extent of the Noosa Heads area. The site currently supports Ozcare Noosa Heads
Aged Care Facility.

In general, the facility occupies the majority of the site hosting numerous buildings, carpark,
courtyards, and maintenance shed with only scattered mature trees present. Native bushland is
present within the northern and western site extents.

The site is bordered by Noosa National Park to the north and east, while residential and community
allotments are present to the southwest and west.

A cleared fire break is present to the immediate northeast and southeast of the site contained within
NSC land (refer BF01 & Section 5.4). Ozcare has entered into an Infrastructure Agreement with NSC
which enables Ozcare to maintain the firebreak in perpetuity at their expense (refer Appendix 3).

Plate 2 depicts the site’s position in the landscape and the extent of existing development.

 

Plate 2 -— Site Context (Source: Nearmap 2022)

2.2 Topography

The slope of the land is a major determinant of fire behaviour, particularly the slope of the land
under vegetation that contributes to bushfire hazard. Fire burns faster as it travels up slope, via
preheating of unburnt fuels ahead of the fire, increasing the rateof spread and fireline intensity.

Conversely, fires move more slowly as they travel downslope. Fireline intensity (kW/m) is a function
of the rate of spread (QFES 2019).

The site is located on relatively flat terrain with a slight slope toward the northern and eastern
boundaries between 1-3 degrees.

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

The site reaches a topographic high of approximately 21m AHD about the western boundary and ~
declines through slopes of 1-3 degrees to the east to a low of 15m AHD.

No waterways are mapped or were observed onsite.

Plate 3 depicts topography conditions within and adjacent to the site.

 

 

 

 

 

Plate 3 — Site Topography (Source: Noosa IntraMaps)

2.3 Vegetation within the site

The majority of the site exhibits maintained areas with scattered mature trees and gardens, however,
a small unit of paperbark open forest is present in the northern site extent and a linear unit of Banksia
woodland is present along the western boundary.

2.4 Vegetation external of the site

Hazardous vegetation is located to the north through east to south of the site with additional
hazardous vegetation located to further to the south-west of the site beyond road based fire breaks.
Residential allotments exhibiting very limited woody vegetation dominate the landscape to the west.

Plate 4 depicts the general extent of bushland fuel sources surrounding the site. Vegetation hazard
characteristics are described in Section 3.2.

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

Woodland

Woodland ral

 

Plate 4 —- Dominant forest fire runs (Source: QLD Globe)

2.5 Past Fire History

Several prominent bushfires have occurred in the northern Sunshine Coast and Noosa region in
recent years. Successive extremely hot summers in the latter half of the 2010-2020 decade resulted
in severe fire events within the paperbark wetlands and heathlands on the eastern foreshore of Lake
Weyba, in the Peregian section of the Noosa National Park to the south of Noosa Springs as well at
Cooroibah. Smaller fires also occurred in the Girraween Nature Refuge immediately flanking the site
to the north-east and in a small urban bushland park to the north-west (presumedly an act of arson).

The severity and frequency of these events was largely unprecedented on the Sunshine Coast and
resulted in mass evacuations of local communities. These fires have temporarily reduced local fuel
loads whilst promoting fire prone vegetation regeneration. Post fire fuel loads can attain pre fire
volumes within +/- <5 years as a result of low decomposition rates and rapid regrowth following fire.
Therefore, the occurrence of a recent fire should not be misinterpreted to facilitate reduced fire risk
for any more than 2-3 years, particularly for heathland and paperbark communities. Three
successive La Nina wet seasons have followed the fires resulting in low fire risk conditions. The wet
seasons have exacerbated the recovery of fuel loads in the fire affected bushland noting many of
the affected heathland areas appear to have reattained significant fuel loads already.

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT

3.1. Hazard Assessment Methodology

The Noosa Planning Scheme requires that a site-specific bushfire hazard assessment be prepared
to assess the degree of bushfire hazard on a site captured within a mapped Designated Bushfire
Hazard Area. The SPP Bushfire Prone Area mapping prevails over the Noosa Bushfire Hazard Area
mapping with respect to the currency of the methodology adopted to prepare the mapping.
Accordingly, the site-specific hazard mapping required is to be prepared consistent with the
methodology adopted to prepare the SPP mapping.

The methodology used to prepare the SPP mapping is described in:

e Department of Infrastructure, Local Government and Planning’s Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience — Bushfire (December 2019) State Planning Policy — state interest guidance
material; and

° Queensland Fire and Emergency Services - (2019) Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities.

Site-specific hazard maps are referred to as Local Hazard Area Maps in the SPP documents. The
preparation of Local Hazard Area Maps has been undertaken for the site in accordance with the
methodology described in the above referenced documents.

3.1.1 Local Hazard Area Map
A Local Hazard Area Map was prepared by adopting the following methodology:

e Categorizing the vegetation within the site in accordance with the vegetation hazard classes
derived from QFES (2019);

e Using the patch and corridor filtering process to remove narrow corridors and small patches
of VHC’s';

e Subdividing the identified vegetation hazard classes into bushfire hazard sub-units based on
slope differences and vegetation hazard classes. All upslope and across slope vegetation
units are allocated an underlying slope of 1 degree as per methodology prescribed within
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services - (2019) Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities. The maximal slope recorded within 25m x 25m grids within the VHC’s is
adopted as the effective slope underlying the VHC. A conservative approach is adopted
where multiple slopes persist within VHC’s;

e Assigning SPP Potential Bushfire Intensity classes to the sub-units;

e Application of 100m Potential Impact Buffers to the amended sub-units to derive an overall
Local Hazard Area Map.

1 The patch and corridor filtering process to remove or downgrade hazard levels of small patches and narrow corridors involves the
following three stages:

e Merging small patches of a single Vegetation Hazard Class less than 0.5 ha;

e — Merging small Vegetation Hazard Class patches between 0.5 and 1 ha with higher or moderate fuel loads (greater than 8
tonnes/ha); and

e Removing narrow corridors of vegetation less than 50m wide through a process of patch erosion and dilation. These small
patches are merged with surrounding vegetation by allocating a patch to the Vegetation Hazard Class that is most common to
the patch boundary (Leonard et al., 2017).
@\

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

3.2 Vegetation Hazard Classes

The following vegetation hazard classes (classified in accordance with QFES (2019)) were identified
within the assessment area which includes a 150m buffer surrounding the site:

e Vegetation Hazard Class 22.1 — Melaleuca open forests on seasonally inundated lowland
coastal swamps;

° Vegetation Hazard Class 29.2 — Woodlands associated with heathlands, scrubs and
shrublands;
Vegetation Hazard Class 34.5 — Sedgeland dominated wetlands; and

e Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 — Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas.

The characteristics of each observed vegetation hazard class are described in the following sections

whilst Plan No. BFO1 — Vegetation Hazard Classes depicts their distribution across the assessment
area.

approximately 30-40%,

The canopy was dominated by Melaleuca quinquenervia (broad-leaved Paperbark) but also
contained scattered Corymbia intermedia (pink bloodwood), and Acacia spp.

The mid-storey was characterised by rejuvenating paperbark, Banksia aemula (wallum banksia),
Allocasuarina littoralis (black sheoak), Glochidion sumatranum (cheese tree) and Lophostemon
confertus (brush box).

The understorey contained a mix assemblage of native grasses, shrubs and herbs and was
dominated by Blechnum indicum (bungwahlI fern) in many areas.

VHC 22.1 is attributed a Potential combined surface fuel load of 23.4 t/ha and a potential total fuel
load of 28.4 tha, and is classed as Prone Type 1 (QFES, 2019). Plate 5 depicts typical conditions
within VHC 22.1.

   

Plate 5 — Characteristic vegetation within VHC 22.1

3.2.2. Vegetation Hazard Class 29.2 — Woodlands associated with heathlands, scrubs and
shrublands

approximately 10-30%.

The canopy was dominated by Banksia aemula (wallum banksia) and Allocasuarina littoralis (back
she-oak). The mid-storey was characterised by rejuvenating B. aemula, Acacia spp., and
Pittosporum revolutum (forest pittosporum). The understorey is dominated by a range of native ferns,

 

© 2023 9

 

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

sedges, shrubs and grasses with Xanthorrhoea johnsonii (grass tree) prevalent.

VHC 29.2 is attributed a Potential combined surface fuel load of 16.8 t/ha and a potential total fuel
load of 24.3 thha, and is classed as Prone Type 1 (QFES, 2019). Plate 6 depicts typical conditions
within VHC 24.1.

  
  

 

a Sw ies
Plate 6 - Characteristic vegetation within VHC 29.2

3.2.3. Vegetation Hazard Class 34.5 — Sedgeland dominated wetlands

Vegetation Hazard Class 34.5 (VHC 34.5) is located in the eastern extent of the assessment area.
This VHC consists of a dense association of low native wet coastal heath vegetation. Common

VHC 34.5 is attributed a potential combined surface fuel load of 8 t/ha anda potential total fuel load
of 13 t/ha, and is classed as Prone Type 1 (QFES, 2019). Plate 7 depicts typical conditions within
VHC 34.5.

 

Plate 7 — Characteristic vegetation within VHC 34.5

3.2.4 Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 — Low to moderate tree cover in built up areas

Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 (VHC 39.2) is located across the majority of the site extent and
western extent of the assessment area. VHC 39.2 exhibited mature trees set amongst buildings and
maintained areas.

Mature tree species present include Allocasuarina littoralis (black sheoak), Melaleuca quinquenervia
(broad-leaved Paperbark), Melaleuca Leucadendra (weeping paperbark), Bamboo spp.,
Lophostemon suaveolens (swamp box), palm spp., Macaranga tanarius, Glochidion ferdinandi
(cheese tree), and Acacia spp.

An area in the southern extent of the onsite VHC 39.2 unit has been recently cleared for bushfire

    

© 2023 10

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

protection and is not depicted in the aerial imagery displayed in BFO1 (refer Plate 9 VC01). This
clearing was undertaken as exempt clearing for bushfire protection under Schedule 6 of the Planning
Regulation 2017.

The mapped area of VHC 39.2 also encapsulates the recently installed fire break located in the
Noosa Council land to the immediate northeast and southeast of the site (refer Plate 10 & Section
5.4).

VHC 39.2 is attributed a potential combined surface fuel load of 5 t/ha anda potential total fuel load
of 8 tha, and is classed as Prone Type 3 (QFES, 2019). Plate 8 depicts typical conditions within
VHC 39.2.

racteristic vegetation within VHC 39.2
=
f oe my

Plate 10 — Cleared fire break wi

© 2023 1

 

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

3.3. Potential Bushfire Intensity classes

Table 1 details the Potential Bushfire Intensity classes and their corresponding potential fire-line
intensity (KW/m) values as prescribed within Leonard et. al. 2017.

Table 1: Potential Bushfire Intensity classes

 

i. Very high 40,000+ kW/m
2b High : | 20,000 - 39,999 kW/m
3. Medium 4,000— 19,999 kW/m

 

 

 

3.4 Bushfire Hazard Sub-Units

A sub-unit level Local Hazard Area Map has been prepared; Plan No. BFO2 — Sub-Units and
identifies the site scale Potential Bushfire Intensity classes across the site. The sub-unit level Local
Hazard Area Map identifies that High and Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity Areas associated with
the VHC 22.1, 29.2, and 34.5 are located within the northern, southern, and eastern extents of the
assessment area.

Note, Sub Unit 4 comprises VHC 39.2 — Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas. VHC 39.2 is
classified as Prone Type 3 — Low hazard. As per Section 7.5.2, 7.6 & Figure 14 of Bushfire Resilient
Communities 2019, Prone Type 3 VHC’s are not considered bushfire prone VHC’s. Therefore, Sub
Unit 4 was mapped as Low Potential Bushfire Intensity class on BFO2.

3.5 Overall Local Hazard Map

An overall Local Hazard Map has been prepared; Plan No. BF03 — Local Hazard Map and identifies
the Potential Bushfire Intensity classes across the site as well as associated 100m wide Potential
Impact Buffer areas. High and Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity Areas are located within the
northern, southern, and eastern extents of the assessment area with their associated Potential
Impact Buffer impacting the majority of the site precluding the central west site extent.

The Local Hazard Map presented in Plan No. BFO3 is to supersede the SPP broadscale mapping
attributed to the site and should be used to guide the formulation of appropriate site-based bushfire
management measures for the proposal.

ME

© 2023 13

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

3.6 Quantitative Modelling

Quantitative modelling of the potential bushfire conditions that may be experienced within the
VHC 22.1 open forest, VHC 29.2 woodland, and VHC 34.5 shrubland within the site and
adjoining the site has been undertaken to assist in determining the suitability of the
development and any asset setback requirements.

The models used comprise industry standard bushfire equations which have been built into
the FPAA endorsed FLAMESOL computer model. FLAMESOL allows numerous input
variables to be adjusted including fuel loads, fire danger index, site slope and distance to
vegetation. FLAMESOL uses the following algorithms:

e Rate of Spread — McArthur (1973) and Nobel et a/. (1980)

e Flame Length — NSW Rural Fire Service (2001) and Nobel et al. (1980)

e Elevation of Receiver — Douglas and Tan (2005)

e Flame Angle — Douglas and Tan (2005)

e Radian Heat Flux — Drysdale (1999), Sullivan et a/. (2003) and Douglas and Tan (2005)

The FLAMESOL Minimum Distance calculator has been used and comprises an AS
3959:2018 Method 2 (Appendix B) based calculator which will determine standard bushfire
behaviour variables as well as the minimum distances required to achieve a range of different
radiant heat levels (represented by BAL's).

Fuel load inputs have been drawn from Planning for Bushfire Resilient Communities (QFES
2019) based on the calculated potential fuel loads for the following;

e VHC 22.1 (23.4 tha surface and near surface fuels and 28.4 t/ha total fuels);
e VHC 29.2 (16.8 t/ha surface and near surface fuels and 24.3 t/ha total fuels); and
e VHC 34.5 (8 tha surface and near surface fuels and 13 t/ha total fuels).

A 1° effective slope was adopted for the slope underlying all Sub Units given across slope
conditions underlying the vegetation.

The default Flame Width of 100m was chosen for all units.

A Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) of 48 has been adopted for the site consistent with the
assignment by QFES (Catalyst 2020) (refer Plate 11).

 

+ We 100 Cooyar St, Noosa Heads, Sunshine Coast x

 

Queensland, 4567

 

3785368705.0552

647436.8637

  

J

Plate 11 —FFDI (Source: QFES redi Map)
The Flamesol output results are shown in Plates 12-14.

 

 

Qa
© 2021 16

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

&

FPA | GS

RUSTEALIA

 

 

Calculated November 17, 2022, 10:21 am (MDc v.4.9)
VHC 22.1 (SUB UNIT 1) - 1 degree - 100m flame width

Minimum Distance Calculator - AS3959-2018 (Method 2)

 

Fire Danger Index 48 Rate of spread 1.44 km/h

Vegetation classification Forest Flame length 12.79 m

Understorey fuel load 23.4 Vha Flame angle 66 °, 72 °, 77°, 79%, 80°&8BS°

Total fuel load 28.4 t/ha Elevation of receiver 5.57 m, 5.72 m, 5.72 m, 5.57 m, 5.47mM &4.48m
Vegetation height n/a Fire intensity 21,190 kW/m

Effective slope 7 Transmissivity 0.861, 0.843, 0.819, 0.795, 0.784 & 0.729

Site slope i° Viewfactor 0.4152, 0.3076, 0.2073, 0.1404, 0.114 & 0.0306
Flame width 100m

Windspeed na

Heat of combustion 18,600 kJ/kg

Flame temperature 1,200 K

 

Rate of Spread - Mcarthur, 1973 & Noble et al., 1980

Flame length - NSW Rural Fire Service, 2001 & Noble et al., 1980
Elevation of receiver - Douglas & Tan, 2005

Flame angle - Douglas & Tan, 2005

a

Radiant heat flux - Drysdale, 1999, Sullivan et al., 2003, Douglas & Tan, 200)

 

 

 

Plate 12 — VHC 22.1 (Sub Unit 1) - 1 degree — 100m Flame Width

(
© 2023 17

orth Coast

 

 

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

Fire Danger Index
Vegetation classification
Understorey fuel load
Total fuel load
Vegetation height
Effective slope

Site slope

Flame width

Windspeed

Heat of combustion

Flame temperature

 

FPA |

Calculated November 17, 2022, 10:23 am (MDc v.4.9)
VHC 29.2 (SUB UNIT 2) - 1 degree - 100m flame width

CORSE Cee ere RO. tia)

48 Rate of spread 1.03 km/h

Woodland Flame length 9.65m

16.8 ha Flame angle 66 °, 73 °, 78 °, 81°, 82° & 86°

24.3 Yha Elevation of receiver 4.2 m, 4.34 m, 4.32 m, 4.2m, 4.11 m& 3.19 m
n/a Fire intensity 13,017 kW/m

r ‘Transmissivity 0.871, 0.856, 0.833, 0.8100000000000001, 0.798 & 0.738
ae Viewfactor 0.4085, 0.303, 0.2038, 0.1378, 0.1121 & 0.0302
100m

na

18,600 kJ/kg

1,200 K

 

Rate of Spread - Mcarthur, 1973 & Noble et al., 1980

Flame length - NSW Rural Fire Service, 2001 & Noble et al., 1980
Elevation of receiver - Dougias & Tan, 2005
Flame angle - Douglas & Tan, 2005

Radiant heat flux - Drysdale, 1999, Sullivan et ai., 2003, Douglas & Tan, 2005

 

Plate 13 - VHC 29.2 (Sub Unit 2) — 1 degree — 100m Flame Width

 

© 2023

North Coast
Environmental
Services

48 Heeeenmeate Memegemen Gant te

 

 

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

AD iim

RUSTeALIA,

 

 

Calculated November 17, 2022, 10:27 am (MDc v.4.9)
VHC 34.5 (SUB UNIT 3) - 1 degree - 100m flame width

PID Meret Cee Cet ere MO. utc)

Fire Danger Index 48 Rate of spread 3.07 km/h

Vegetation classification | Shrubland Flame length 7.47m

Understorey fuel load 8 tha Flame angle 67 °, 73 °, 79 ©, 82°, 83° & 87°

Total fuel load 13 vha Elevation of receiver 3.28 m, 3.36 m, 3.35 m, 3.24 m, 3.16mM & 2.33 m
Vegetation height m Fire intensity 20,621 kW/m

Effective slope 2 Transmissivity 0.878, 0.866, 0.846, 0.823, 0.8110000000000001 & 0.747
Site slope a Viewfactor * 0.4032, 0.2986, 0.2003, 0.1355, 0.1099 & 0.0298
Flame width 100m

Windspeed 45 km/h

Heat of combustion 18,600 ki/kg

Flame temperature 1,200 K

 

Rate of Spread - Catchpole et al. 1998
Fame fenath - 8yram, 1959

Elevation of receiver - Douglas & Tan,

 

Flame anole s & Tan, 20)

 

       

Radiant heat flux . Drysdale, 1999, van et al.,. 2003, Do: s & Tan,

 

 

 

Plate 14 —- VHC 34.5 (Sub Unit 3) - 1 degree — 100m Flame Width

     

Coast

onmental

© 2023 19 SEC RS ene

 
  

 

 

 

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

4 BUSHFIRE RISK ASSESSMENT

4.1 Methodology

A bushfire risk assessment for the proposed building areas has been prepared generally in
accordance with State Planning Policy — State Interest Guideline — Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience (DILGP, 2016) and AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018 — Risk Management Methodology.

The bushfire risk assessment details the likelihood that the proposed development will be
exposed to radiant heat impact considering the proximity to bushfire prone vegetation and
likely bushfire behaviour. Plate 15 illustrates the main bushfire attack mechanisms acting on
buildings.

 

    
 

ie eB]

Heat Radiation

 

 

 

 

  
 
      

 

LM a ex EY

Wind, Smoke & Ember Attack

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Plate 15 — Figure A 5.1 Bushfire attack mechanisms (Planning for Bush Fire Protection, 2006)

According to AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018, a ‘hazard’ is defined as a source of potential harm or
a situation with a potential to cause loss, whereas a ‘risk’ is the chance of something
happening that will have an impact on objectives measured in terms of consequences and
likelihood. The State Planning Policy — State Interest Guideline — Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience (DILGP, April 2016) refers to ‘acceptable risk’, ‘tolerable risk’, and ‘intolerable risk’
which are defined below.

e Acceptable risk

o A rrisk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
sufficiently low to require no new treatments or actions to reduce risk further.
Individuals and society can live with this risk without feeling the necessity to
reduce the risks any further.

e¢ Tolerable risk

o  Arisk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
low enough to allow the exposure to continue, and at the same time high
enough to require new treatments or actions to reduce risk. Society can live
with this risk but believe that as much as is reasonably practical should be done
to reduce the risks further.

e Intolerable risk

o  Arrisk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
so high that it requires actions to avoid or reduce the risk. Individuals and

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 ~ 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

society will not accept this risk and measures are to be put in place to reduce
risks to at least a tolerable level.

Section 9.4 of the QFES Bushfire Resilient Communities 2019 references radiant heat flux
exposure of <10kW/m? on the development footprint plan as generating an Acceptable to
Tolerable level of risk for vulnerable uses.

AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018 defines ‘Likelihood’ as the chance that something might happen.
Likelihood can be defined, determined, or measured objectively or subjectively and can be
expressed either qualitatively or quantitatively (using mathematics). The following ‘likelihood’
categories for the probability of the assessed bushfire attack mechanisms impacting the
assessment area have been adopted within this assessment:

e Likely - Will probably occur.
¢ Unlikely - Could occur but doubtful.

The determination of whether a bushfire event is likely or unlikely to occur (i.e., impact the
site) has been based on the relative position of hazardous vegetation to the site. Hazardous
vegetation located upwind of the site under typical south-east Queensland (SEQ) seasonal
fire winds from the north to north-west to west to south-west are deemed to be exposed to a
‘likely’ Probability of impact. Hazardous vegetation located downwind of the site under typical
SEQ seasonal fire winds are deemed to be exposed to an ‘unlikely’ probability of impact.

4.2 Risk from Identified Hazardous Vegetation

Hazardous vegetation is positioned to the north, south, and east of the development. The
likelihood of a fire head approaching from these directions is typically considered unlikely,
given dominant regional fire weather winds are typically derived from the north-west to west

to south-west in SEQ. A fire front being directed by such winds could be expected to burn

approach should be adopted, and the likelihood risk assigned as likely meaning that a fire
impacting the site will probably occur at some time in the future.

¢ 47.1m to Sub Unit 1 (VHC 22.1);
¢ 38.4m to Sub Unit 2 (VHC 29.2): and
¢ 31.6m to Sub Unit 3 (VHC 34.5).

Figure BF04 — Setback Requirements has been Prepared to depict the position of the
<10kW/m? RHF contour emanating from the edge of the NSC firebreak Surrounding the site
vs. the proposed development footprint. The majority of the proposed development occupies
the existing building footprint with only the southern extent of the proposed building extending
beyond the existing development footprint. The Proposed development footprint intercepts the
vulnerable use <10kW/m? RHF setback requirement/contour to the south by a maximum of
approximately 7.8m and to the east by amaximum of approximately 6m. The proposed degree

of separation therefore exposes the future building to >10kW/m2 RHF to the east and south.

Consequently, further modelling was undertaken to identify the specific radiant heat flux acting
on the building. The modelling (refer Appendix 4 for full transcripts) identified the proposed
separation exposes the building to:

¢  7.47kWim? RHF from VHC 22.1 to the north;

a

© 2023 21 Bee emme

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312-— 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

°  13.47kW/m2 RHF from VHC 29.2 to the South-east (based on 30.6m separation); and
© 12.89kW/m? RHF from VHC 34.5 to the east (based on 25.6m separation).

In this instance the application is somewhat unique in that the majority of the proposed

enforced retreat from the existing building’s footprint. At a minimum, it is advocated the
application should result in 4 non-worsening of bushfire risk acting on the building and
occupants therein. In this regard the proposed construction of a new building within the

modelling results indicated that the provision of a 2.5m radiant heat barrier will reduce the
RHF exposure to 10kW/m2 and thus is deemed acceptable to satisfy the requirements of
Assessment Benchmark 3. The output transcript of the 2.5m high barrier model run is
presented as Appendix 5.

Therefore, it is recommended a 2.5m non-flammable fence is constructed adjacent to
the southern extension of the existing building footprint. The fence must extend far
enough so that any Part of the building extension which is not directly shielded by line of sight
to the adjacent bushland hazard is exposed to 10kW/m? radiant heat flux or less. The extent
of the radiant heat barrier required to achieve this is depicted on Figure BFO4 — Setback
Requirements and consists of a barrier length of 37m north of the south-east property
boundary and 40m west of the southeast property boundary. A linear landscape treatment of
low flammability native Species either side of the radiant heat barrier can help increase the
aesthetics of the barrier but also assist with further reductio of the radiant heat flux acting on
the building extension,

The following circumstances are also deemed to reduce the potential severity of impact that
may arise as a result of the identified risk (additional context is Provided in Section 5).

¢ All emergency services required during a bushfire event are located directly adjacent
to the site to the west including Noosa Heads Fire & Rescue Station, Noosa Heads
Police Station, and Queensland Ambulance Service;

¢ The proposed development will be connected to town water hence have a pressurized
reliable supply of water in an emergency;

¢ No increase in the number of people living or congregating on premises is Proposed;

¢ Formed sealed access points are available to the north and south perimeters of the
site and the development design proposes a continuous, level, unsealed, trafficable
points, thereby facilitating direct access to a potential fire front for fire suppression
Purposes (refer BF04 green linework);

¢ The developer Proposes to voluntarily design the building to the applicable AS3959
2018 BAL construction standard hence the building could be expected to withstand the
radiant heat flux and ember attack for the modelled bushfire conditions (refer Section
6);

© 2023 22

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542

Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

© 2023

Fire hydrants and fire hose reels will be installed along the eastern and southern
perimeters of the boundary, noting one is already present along the eastern elevation
of the existing building;

A specific Bushfire Evacuation Plan has been prepared for the project (refer NCES
BEP 2022) to assist in the management of people during a bushfire emergency;

A linear suite of low flammability trees have been retained within the NSC approved
fire break to the east (predominantly she-oaks and cheese trees) and within Ozcare
land to the south, which offer a low flammability radiant heat flux and ember screen
against fire and ember ingress from an encroaching fire; and

Future landscaping within the site can comprise low flammability species to further
reduce the likelihood of spot fires development adjacent to the building.

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5 BUSHFIRE IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES

5.1 General

The following section describes bushfire impact reduction measures to be incorporated into
the proposed development to reduce the risk of bushfire impacts to people and property.
Implementation of the identified measures is not implied nor intended to advocate that building
occupants remain on the site during a bushfire event, nor that people and property will be
protected from bushfire impacts. The measures are intended to reduce the potential severity
of bushfire impact to the development and not prevent bushfire impact. The bushfire mitigation
measures have been derived from:

e Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning’s State
Planning Policy — State interest guidance material — Natural hazards, risk and
resilience — Bushfire (December 2019) (referenced herein as SPP (Bushfire) 2019);
and

e Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2019). Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities.

5.2 Asset Protection Zones

5.2.1 General

Asset Protection Zones (APZ) provide a defensive tool to assist in the reduction of potential
bushfire impact to people and property situated in bushfire prone areas. For illustrative
purposes, Plate 16 depicts the concept of an APZ surrounding a dwelling in a bushfire prone
area.

 

Building envelope Inner Protection Area Outer Protection Area Bushland
< cxmmealtie a

Qecas: ete

  

 

 

horizontal considerations

 

APZ

 

 

 

Plate 16 - Asset Protection Zones

The configuration of APZ’s is typically determined based on the results of the site-specific
hazard assessment including risk of bushfire impact, flame length analysis, applicable
AS3959-2018 Bushfire Attack Levels and State Planning Policy — State Interest Guidance
Material (Natural Hazards, Risks and Resilience — Bushfire) December 2019 Assessment
Benchmark setback requirements, with the latter the primary determining factor.

Confirmed bushfire hazard areas are located to the north, south, and east of the site hence
provision of adequate separation between the proposed buildings immediately flanking the
hazardous vegetation is required to provide a reasonable level of safety to site occupants and
emergency services staff.

5.2.2 Aged Care Facility — ‘Vulnerable Use’ Setback

There are no specific setback criteria for a Material Change of Use development application
under the NC Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code 2020.

State Planning Policy — State interest guidance material for natural hazards, risk and resilience
for bushfire considers aged care facilities to be a ‘vulnerable use’. Assessment Benchmark 3
in the SPP and Section 9.4 of the Bushfire Resilient Communities Technical Reference Guide
for the State Planning Policy State Interest ‘Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience - Bushfire’,

KE

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reference that the applicable assets in the development footprint are to be separated from the
closest edge of an adjacent mapped medium, high or very-high potential bushfire intensity
area by a distance (APZ width) that achieves a radiant heat flux level of 10 kW/m? or less at
all development footprint boundaries.

The proposed development footprint intercepts the modelled vulnerable use <10kW/m? RHF
setback requirement to the east by a maximum of approximately 6m and to the south by a
maximum of approximately 7.8m, noting the modelled <10kW/m? RHF contour was set from
the external edge of the NSC firebreak adjoining the site. The risk assessment performed
herein, which also considers other factors beyond just separation, has however identified that
the level of risk acting on the development could be considered to facilitate an Acceptable to
Tolerable risk of impact and therefore can be supported subject to implementation of the
recommendations set herein.

The extent of proposed separation is to constitute the extent of the recommended APZ for the
development. This means the APZ is to extend from the building edge through to the limit of
the NSC firebreak on the adjoining lot, which for clarity, extends 20m from the eastern site
boundary and 15m from the southern site boundary.

The conditions in the APZ are to managed for the life of the development and shall:

1. Comprise only low threat vegetation (for example grassland managed in a minimal fuel
condition, maintained lawns, low flammability garden beds, pathways, open space area);

2. Are designed to ensure a potential available fuel load is maintained at less than 8
tonnes/hectare in aggregate and with a fuel structure that remains discontinuous;

3. Not include any other buildings between the new building and the limit of the APZ; and

4. Not include any timber based hard landscaping such as pergolas and breezeway framing
which could facilitate a fire pathway from the adjacent vegetation onto the building.

Ozcare is to be responsible for the maintenance of the APZ for the life of the development.

5.3 Water Supply

The availability of a reliable water supply for firefighting purposes is a vital tool in the defence
of bushfire impact. The site is currently connected to the Noosa Heads reticulated water supply
which has a minimum pressure and flow of 10 litres a second at 200kPa. The new buildings
will be connected to this supply and therefore the water supply design satisfies the NSC

Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code requirements for water supply and that prescribed within the
SPP.

A fire hydrant and fire hose reel is recommended to be provided at the northern, central
eastem and southern points of the site to aid in fire suppression activities. It is recommended
that any new road components and fire hydrants are designed and installed in accordance
with:

1. Fire Hydrant and Vehicle Access Guidelines for residential, commercial and industrial
lots, Queensland Fire and Emergency Services, 2015, unless otherwise specified by the
relevant water entity; and

2. The Road Planning and Design Manual 2nd edition, Department of Transport and Main
Roads, 2013.

Note: when relevant, the superseding versions will apply.

5.4 Fire Breaks

The provision of fire breaks and fire trails within a site located in a bushfire prone area offers
an important bushfire defence measure to assist in reducing the risk and severity of bushfire
ingress onto and through a site.

The establishment and management of a 20m fire break adjacent to the eastern site boundary
(i.e., off-site) and a 15m fire break adjacent to the southern boundary has been recently
approved by Noosa Council and constructed by Ozcare. The clearance and maintenance of

Wise

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the firebreak was deemed a high priority recommendation from a hazard assessment
conducted by NCES on the existing site. The resultant fire break currently exhibits low threat
vegetation conditions but is subject to native flora regeneration including strong regeneration
of Blechnum indicum along the eastern limit of the fire break. This regeneration will require on
going management until the seed bank is exhausted and permanent grass cover can be
facilitated (refer Plate 17).

The approved fire break will provide the site with a formal fire break separating the buildings
and adjacent hazardous vegetation. The fire break provides the opportunity for RFS vehicle
access along the entire north, east and south peripheries of the site subject to installation of a
stormwater crossing point next to the central eastern elevation of the building. The fire break
trail will connect to sealed access services roads and then Cooyar Street to the north-west
and Langura street the south-west. Given the gentle grade of the fire break (1 degree) it is
expected that emergency access to the hazardous vegetation would be readily available.

Additionally, formed (sealed & unsealed) fire breaks are currently available to the south of the
site (refer BF04 green linework). These fire breaks can be accessed via Langura Street
offering alternative emergency access to the adjacent bushland.

No further fire break requirements are deemed necessary.

     

“heer Ke pe oe ny aa:
Plate 17 - Cleared fire break adjacent to the sites north-eastern (left) and south-eastern (right)
boundaries.

5.5 Vehicular Access

Development in bushfire prone areas should be serviced by safe access/exit points for both
occupants and emergency services personnel. The Ozcare site is currently served by the
existing sealed site access points at the northern end of the site via Cooyar Street and the
southern end of the site via Langura Street. The proposed development retains the existing
access arrangements.

Emergency access to the bushland edge can therefore be gained from main entry/exit point
adjacent to the site’s northern boundary and from the sealed access road (bitumen) stemming
from Langura Street to the southwest of the site (refer Plate 18).

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
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NN ave ces. toe Sees tie z ne aie Bers
Plate 18 — Existing emergency access route stemming fro

   

m Langura Street (looking west)

Overall, the risk of access/egress becoming constrained within the site during a bushfire event
is deemed low. Specific additional road design recommendations for any new roads are
however deemed warranted and comprise:

e The road design complies with the Fire Hydrant and Vehicle Access Guidelines for
residential, commercial and industrial lots, Queensland Fire and Emergency Services,
2015, unless otherwise specified by the relevant water entity.

5.6 Landscaping and Regrowth

Existing and future landscaping within the site should avoid increasing the potential for
bushfire hazard. Assessment benchmark 5 of the SPP Bushfire 2019 seeks that the site layout
places the landscape and open spaces within the site between premises and adjacent mapped
medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity areas. This landscaping and open space
comprises protective landscape treatments that:

1. Comprise only low threat vegetation (for example grassland managed in a minimal fuel
condition, maintained lawns, golf courses and cultivated gardens); or

2. Are designed to ensure a potential available fuel load is maintained at less than 8
tonnes/hectare in aggregate and with a fuel structure that remains discontinuous.

To reduce the potential for bushfire impact to buildings, structures and occupants as a result
of future regrowth and landscaping works within the site, it is recommended:

e Any landscaping within the nominated APZ’s satisfies Assessment Benchmark 5 of the
SPP Bushfire 2019, including the low threat vegetation criteria prescribed in section
2.2.3.2 of AS 3959:2018 or later iterations thereof;

e No woody mulch is used within 2m of buildings;
e No trees or shrubs are retained within 6m of the buildings;

e Beyond 6m, any trees desired to be retained are to be continuously defoliated below

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4m height above ground level and no limbs are to extend to within 6m of the roof line
of the buildings. All pruning should be undertaken in accordance with AS 4373 Pruning
of amenity trees;

e Future landscaping works/plantings maximise the use of locally indigenous, low
flammability species within the site (i.e., additional planting within the southern
boundary windbreak). Landholders should consult their local native plant nursery for
suitable species selection; and

e The approved fire break and access to the fire break is to be maintained and is to
consist of low threat understorey vegetation conditions (e.g., mown grass or similar) in
perpetuity.

5.7 General Property Maintenance

The undertaking of an appropriate level of property maintenance throughout the year, and in
particular prior to the fire season, can significantly reduce the severity of fire impact upon a
site. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services recommend the following general actions be
undertaken to prepare for the fire season:

Structure
e Clear leaves, twigs, bark and other debris from the roof and gutters.
e Purchase and test the effectiveness of gutter plugs.
e Enclose open areas under decks and floors.
e Install fine steel wire mesh screens on all windows, doors, vents and weep holes.
e Point LPG cylinder relief valves away from the house.
e Conduct maintenance checks on pumps, generators and water systems.
e Seal all gaps in external roof and wall cladding.
Access
e Display a prominent house or lot number, in case it is required in an emergency.

e Ensure there is adequate access to your property for fire trucks - 4 metres wide by 4
metres high, with a turn-around area.

Vegetation
e Reduce vegetation loads along the access path.
e Mow your grass regularly.

e Remove excess ground fuels and combustible material (long dry grass, dead leaves
and branches).

e Trim low-lying branches two metres from the ground surrounding your home.
Note the above recommendations are that of QFES and are offered herein for advisory
purposes. They have not been set as recommendations for certification purposes.
5.8 Bushfire Evacuation

Given the extent of hazardous bushland in the vicinity of the site there is an inherent risk that
an evacuation of the site may be required to mitigate serious risk of impact to site occupants.
A Bushfire Evacuation Plan (BEP) has therefore been prepared to direct the evacuation of the
site (refer Appendix 2) and comprises an integral component of the measures prescribed
herein to manage bushfire safety on the site.

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6 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD 3959:2018 CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN
BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS (AS 3959:2018) SETBACKS

In general, the majority of the site is mapped within the Bushfire Hazard Overlay in the Noosa
Plan 2020 (refer Plate 19) and SPP Bushfire Hazard Overlay Map (refer Plate 19).

r Te ran
i tal

 

    

Very High Potential Bushfire intensity
High Potential Bushfire Intensity
Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity

Poxenti

 

Plate 19 - NSC Bushfire Hazard Overlay Mapping (Source: NSC IntraMaps)

NCC 2019 Amendment 1 July 2020, Performance Requirement P2.7.5 Buildings in bushfire
prone areas states:

A Class 1 building or a Class 10a building or deck associated with a Class 1 building that is
constructed in a designated bushfire prone area must, to the degree necessary, be designed
and constructed to reduce the risk of ignition from a bushfire, appropriate to the —

(a) potential for ignition caused by burning embers, radiant heat or flame generated by a
bushfire; and

(b) intensity of the bushfire attack on the building.
Under NCC 2019 Amendment 1 July 2020, Section 3.10.5.0 Application states:
(a) Subject to (b), Performance Requirement P2.7.5 is satisfied for:
e A Class 1 building; or
e A Class 10a building or deck associated with a Class 1 building.
located in a designated bushfire prone area if it is constructed in accordance with —
e AS3959; or
e NASH Standard — Steel Framed Construction in Bushfire Areas.

(b) The requirements of (a) do not apply when, in accordance with AS 3959, the classified
vegetation is Group F rainforest (excluding wet sclerophyll forest types), mangrove
communities and grasslands under 300 mm high.

The building works are not Class 1 or 10a therefore As3959 does not apply. It is noted however

 

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that the applicant proposes the building be voluntarily constructed to satisfy the BAL that would
be assigned to the building to further reduce the level of risk acting on the building and the
occupants therein. Based on the SPP compliant modelling undertaken herein the building
would therefore likely have to be built to satisfy BAL 12.5 - BAL 19 noting the modelling used
adopts a Flame Temperature of 1200K and AS3959 only requires the use of 1090K, which
would reduce the width of the BAL contours acting on the site. A specific BAL assessment
should be conducted once the footprint of the building has been approved.

© 2023 31 GSC eS me

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

7 LEGISLATION AND OVERLAYS

7.1 Noosa Plan 2020 — Natural Hazards Overlay Code

The proposed development is considered assessable development and therefore is
assessable against Table 8.2.3.3 Bushfire Hazard Area of Council’s Bushfire Overlay Code
which has been reproduced as Table 2.

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

7.2 State Planning Policy — Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience

The Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning’s State Planning
Policy — State interest guidance material — Natural hazards, risk and resilience — Bushfire (December
2019) contains the development assessment benchmarks for natural hazards, risk and resilience -
bushfire. The SPP assessment benchmarks prevail over those prescribed in the Noosa Plan
Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code where they involve the same design elements. An assessment of the
proposed development’s compliance with each of the assessment benchmarks has been provided
below.

Assessment Benchmark 3
For development in a bushfire prone area involving vulnerable uses
1. Vulnerable uses are not established or intensified within the bushfire prone area unless:

a. there is an overriding need in the public interest for the new or expanded service the development
provides

b. there are no other suitable alternative location within the required service catchment, and

c. site planning can appropriately mitigate the risk (for example, siting ovals for an educational
establishment between the hazardous vegetation and structure.

The vulnerable use is already established within the bushfire prone area and no intensification of
people living or congregating on the site is proposed.

The development design makes use of existing and proposed bushfire mitigation measures that
appropriately mitigate the risk.

Assessment Benchmark 4
Assessable Development

Development contributes to an effective and efficient emergency response and recovery capabilities.
In the first instance, this can be achieved by new or expanded community infrastructure that is
providing essential services (emergency services, hospital and educational establishment) not being
in a bushfire prone area, as addressed in assessment benchmark 3.

To ensure emergency services can respond effectively, development is located within a reticulated
water supply area or includes a dedicated static water supply that is available solely for fire-fighting
purposes and can be accessed by fire-fighting vehicles.

Reticulated water is available to the site.
Assessment Benchmark 5
Assessable material change of use

Site layout places the landscape and open spaces within the site between premises and adjacent
mapped medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity areas. This landscaping and open
space comprises protective landscape treatments that:

1. Comprise only low threat vegetation, including grassland managed in a minimal fuel condition16,
maintained lawns, golf courses and cultivated gardens; or

2. Are designed to ensure a potential available fuel load is maintained at less than 8 tonnes/hectare
in aggregate and with a fuel structure that remains discontinuous.

Note — The landscape or open space may be located within the mapped medium, high and very high
intensity areas to create a separation between the development and the balance of the bushfire
prone area.

The proposed development footprint boundary is separated from the hazardous vegetation areas. It
is recommended that any new landscaping associated with the proposed works maximises the use
of low-flammability species and or avoids clustering of flammable species.

Where involving a requirement for revegetation or rehabilitation outside of bushfire prone areas

@

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

1. Revegetation or rehabilitation areas contain patches of less than one ha of continuous fuel (i.e.,
surrounded by either no fuel or non-continuous fuel) and are further than 100 metres from the
interface with mapped medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity patches greater than
two hectares in size. Vegetation corridors in these areas with continuous fuel, should be less than
50 metres in width and isolated patches of continuous fuel, should be less than 0.5 hectare.

No revegetation or rehabilitation areas are currently proposed. It is recommended that any
landscaping undertaken within the site facilitates conditions which satisfy Assessment Benchmark 7
below.

Assessment Benchmark 7
Where a requirement for an asset protection zone (or similar) exists

Landscaping treatments comprise only low threat vegetation, including grassland managed in a
minimal fuel condition, maintained lawns, golf courses, maintained public reserves and parklands,
vineyards, orchards, cultivated gardens, commercial nurseries, nature strips and windbreaks.

OR

Landscaping management maintains a potential available fuel load which is less than eight
tonnes/hectare in aggregate, and fuel structure which is discontinuous.

OR

Development includes a bushfire management plan for the maintenance of any identified asset
protection zone, including landscape design and ongoing vegetation management.

This document includes a Bushfire Management Plan which addresses Landscaping treatments.

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

8 CONCLUSIONS

This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to assess and
manage the degree of potential bushfire risk acting on the proposed Material Change of Use
development application for the Ozcare Aged care Facility at 100 Cooyar Street, NOOSA
HEADS.

A Local Hazard Map has been prepared for the site consistent with the State Planning Policy
— Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience — Technical Manual — A ‘fit for Purpose’ approach in
undertaking natural hazard studies and risk assessments. The Local Hazard Map has
identified that High and Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity areas are located in the northern,
southern, and eastern extents of the assessment area which includes a 100m buffer area
about the site. Post development the new building will be situated in a Potential Impact Buffer.

of separation Proposed in conjunction with the recommendations and circumstances
mentioned within this report facilitate an acceptable-tolerable risk of radiant heat impact for
the vulnerable use.

Overall, the development proposed for the site, in combination with recommendations
referenced herein, is deemed suitable with respect to providing a reasonable level of
protection for people and property within the site.

Bushfire is an extremely serious and often unpredictable phenomenon that requires serious
preparatory planning and decision making to avoid potential damage to infrastructure and or
loss of life. All recommendations made herein have been formulated based on site conditions
at the time of writing and therefore may not be appropriate in the event site conditions change
over time.

Implementation of the bushfire mitigation measures referenced herein is not implied nor
intended to advocate that residents and/or occupants remain on the site during a bushfire

The landowners and site managers are to be responsible for ensuring the measures

prescribed herein are applied and stay up to date with site conditions and industry standards.

regular intervals (e.g., recommended at least every 5 years).
The first call in the event of a bushfire emergency should always be ‘000’.
8.1 Certification Matters

The following bushfire mitigation measures are to be certified as satisfactorily completed by
the project Bushfire Consultant prior to commencement of the Proposed/approved uses on the
site:

¢ All actionable recommendations set in Section 5 of this report have been implemented
(i.e., establishment of APZs, radiant heat barrier, landscaping etc.) where Practical at
the time of certification.

© 2023 38

 

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

9 REFERENCES ~
Cruz M.G., Gould J.S., Alexander M.E., Sullivan A.L., McCaw W.L., Matthews S. (2015) A

Guide to Rate of Fire Spread Models for Australian Vegetation. CSIRO Land and Water
Flagship, Canberra, ACT, and AFAC, Melbourne, Vic, 123pp.

Gould, McCaw, Cheney, Ellis & Matthews. (2007). Field Guide — Fuel assessment and fire
behaviour in dry eucalypt open forest. Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra, ACT and Department of
Environment and Conservation, Perth, WA.

Leonard, J., Opie, K. (2017). Estimating the potential bushfire hazard of vegetation patches
and corridors. An enhancement of Queensland’s methodology for State-wide mapping of
bushfire prone areas. CSIRO Land & Water, Australia.

Noosa Planning Scheme (2020). Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code. Noosa Shire Council.

Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2019). Bushfire Resilient Communities -
Technical Reference Guide for the State Planning Policy - State Interest Guideline - Natural
Hazards, Risk and Resilience 2- Bushfire.

Southeast Queensland Fire and Biodiversity Consortium — Operational Manual.

The State of Queensland, Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure
and Planning (2019). Natural hazards, risk and resilience - Bushfire State Planning Policy —
state interest guidance material.

Webster. (2002). The Complete Bushfire Safety Book. Random House (Aust) Pty Ltd.

@

© 2023 39 Feces man

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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

APPENDIX 1 — SITE LAYOUT

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Page 44

Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

APPENDIX 2 — EVACUATION PLAN

© 2023

41

NCES REF: J000542

 

Page 45

. North Coast |
Environmental

Wf Services
Environmental Management Consultants.

BUSHFIRE EVACUATION PLAN «

J000542

OZCARE AGED CARE FACILITY
LOT 9 ON RP225312
100 COOYAR STREET,
NOOSA HEADS, QLD

 

FOR
OZCARE
DECEMBER 2022

 

NOOSA COUNCIL
REFERENCE DOCUMENT
132001.210127.3 20 JULY 2023

 

 

 

PO Box 9566 Pacific Paradise QLD 4564 / Email: [email protected]
ABN 60 625 108 625

Page 46

Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

 

DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document Bushfire Evacuation Plan
Client: Ozcare

Project Number: J000542

Project: Material Change of Use

Site: Lot 9 on RP225312
100 Cooyar St, NOOSA HEADS QLD 4567

 

1 08/12/2022 Ashely Everton — J. Isaacs (B. Env Sc.) Joshua Lee
Ethos Urban Environmental Scientist; | (B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ)
Joshua Lee - Director
(B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ) .
- Director Lo
DISCLAIMER

To the extent permitted by law, North Coast Environmental Services (including its employees, partners and consultants)
excludes ail liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs,
expenses, and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly, from using this publication (in part or whole) and
any information or material contained in it.

 

© 2022 i

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION.........000000
2. DETAILS OF PREMISES...
3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ..
4. CONTACT DETAILS OF EMERGENCY SERVICES..
5. EVACUATION LOCATION.
6. TRANSPORTATION .......
7
8
A

   
  
 
  
  
 

. EVACUATION ROUTES .
. EVACUATION TRIGGERS....
PPENDIX 1 — GET READY GUIDE

SRWWWWNNN

©2022 1 orca Yanapomert Comrie

Page 48

Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

BUSHFIRE EVACUATION PLAN

1. INTRODUCTION

This Bushfire Evacuation Plan (BEP) has been designed to assist management to protect life
and property in the event that a bushfire threatens the proposed development on Lot 9 on
RP225312 located at 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads, QLD (herein referred to as ‘the site’).
The site is the subject of a proposed Material Change of Use (Aged Care Facility Renovations)
development application to be submitted to Noosa Shire Council. The proposed development
will occupy the south eastern extent of the site.

The BEP aims to establish pre-planning guidelines for an evacuation of the premises where
there is a need to relocate personnel from one place to another to enhance the protection of
those people. This evacuation plan forms part of a more comprehensive report undertaken
over the subject area to assess and recommend fire mitigation measures for bushfire
protection; Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan by North Coast Environmental
Services. Application of this evacuation plan does not specifically require reference to the
above document however it is recommended both documents be stored together.

The proposed development will increase the number of people within the site. The decision to
enact a bushfire evacuation is generally a managerial decision until the point that an official
evacuation recommendation is issued by QFES and/or QLD Police. QFES currently offer
advice via Twitter, Facebook, QLD Police and local radio stations. The current QFES warning
/ evacuation categories are shown in Plate 1.

   

Plate 1 - QFES warning / evacuation categories

Given the extent of hazardous vegetation in the vicinity of the site and surrounding the site, the
decision to evacuate is strongly recommended to be made earlier rather than later.

2. DETAILS OF PREMISES

Lot 9 on RP225312

100 Cooyar St, NOOSA HEADS QLD 4567

Type of facility: Aged Care Facility - Ozcare

Type of building (Class): Varies, Class 1 habitable buildings are proposed.

3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

CHIEF FIRE WARDEN

e Ascertain the nature of the emergency and determine appropriate action.
e Once notified of the possibility of a fire, ascertain the nature of the emergency and
determine appropriate action to ensure the safety of occupants, staff and visitors.
e Ensure that the appropriate emergency service has been notified.
° Go to the designated assembly site and take charge.
e Check on progress of movement of occupants, staff and visitors.
G

© 2022 2 a

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads :

° Allocate any extra staff required to assist in any searches for missing occupants, staff
or visitors.

° Instruct the management team where additional staff are required for supervisory or
support duties.

° Liaise with Emergency Services personnel.

4. CONTACT DETAILS OF EMERGENCY SERVICES

 

Name of Organization Name/ Place of Contact Phone Number
Noosa Heads Fire & 2 Langura St, Noosa Heads QLD 4567 (07) 5473 8484
Rescue Station Emergency 000

Noosa Heads Police Station 9 Langura St, Noosa Heads QLD 4567 (07) 5440 8111
Emergency 000

 

Noosa Heads Ambulance 31 Langura St, Noosa Heads QLD 4567 (07) 5293 4001
Station Emergency 000

Sunshine Coast Council (07) 5475 7272 (including after-hours emergency service)
State Emergency Service 132 500

QLD Ambulance Service 000

Noosa Hospital 111 Goodchap St, Noosaville QLD 4566 (07) 5455 9200

 

 

All fires to be reported to 000

5. EVACUATION LOCATION

in the event of a bushfire, there are no suitable large, cleared areas on the site to host mass
gatherings of people and or vehicles. Therefore, where an evacuation is triggered, the site is
to be completely evacuated in a manner similar to a residential area with residents and staff to
evacuate towards suitable nominated safe areas as directed by QFES and/ or the QLD Police.

In the event of a pending bushfire, the site office/manager is to ensure all occupants, staff and
visitors have evacuated the site with a record of such made in a residents and visitors register,
prior to exiting the site.

6. TRANSPORTATION

Residents, visitors and staff personal vehicles are to be used should an onsite evacuation be
required. Road access for emergency evacuation is to be from the main entry exit along the
north-western boundary of the site.

7. EVACUATION ROUTES

The available evacuation routes from the site through the local landscape are flanked by a
mosaic of fuel laden bushland and cleared urban areas host to low fuel loads. The risk of
entrapment in the event of a wildfire is therefore real and strategic selection of the most suitable
evacuation route during a bushfire event will be a critical decision.

The available main road evacuation routes from the site are identified in Plate 2 and direct
people either North towards Noosa Heads township, or East towards Sunshine Beach
township, or West towards Noosaville township.

The available evacuation routes comprise of either:

e Head north along Cooyar Street then either:

© 2022 3 A Sowiegs

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

o East along Sunshine Beach Road, then southeast along Pacific Avenue
towards the Sunshine Beach Township; or

o Northwest along Sunshine Beach Road, then north along Noosa Drive
towards the Noosa Heads township.

o Head southwest along Cooyar Road then Northwest along Leslie Drive,
then west along Weyba Road, then west along Mary Street towards the
Noosaville township.

   
 

Plate 2- External available evacuation routes (Source: Queensland Globe)

   

The evacuation route chosen will be dependent on the location of the fire front. In most
instances it is anticipated that the safest evacuation route will be North along Cooyar Street
then northwest along Sunshine Beach Road into the Noosa Junction precinct. The Noosa J
complex was used as an emergency evacuation centre in the recent 2019/2020 fires. A transit
time of approximately 5 minutes should be allowed to reach the Noosa J.

Determination of the most suitable evacuation route for a specific fire event should be made
with consideration to the relevant advice issued by QFES. Given the extent of hazardous
vegetation in the vicinity of the site and the low mobility of the site occupants, the decision to
evacuate the site must be made very early to ensure enough time is available to functionally

evacuate the sites.
8. EVACUATION TRIGGERS

The preparedness or ‘triggers’ for the event of an evacuation should be devised with
consideration given to numerous factors including, the proximity of the bushfire to the site,

 

© 2022 4

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

advice regarding the matter issued by QFES and the current national fire danger rating (FDR)
system, which is based on the McArthur Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI). The McArthur FFDI
is an estimate of fire danger based on a combination of meteorological variables (dryness,
rainfall and evaporation, wind speed, temperature and humidity. The index of 100 was set to
coincide with weather conditions during the Victorian 1939 Black Friday fires (McArthur 1967).

A guide to understanding the FDR system and associated fire behaviour potential is presented
in Plate 3.

 

   
 

aS Sey essa er Na Cy RECOMMENDED ACTION AND UNM al toes ele wu RL On

ACTION: Leaving is the ONLY option for your survival—regardiess of any plan to stay and defend.
CATASTROPHIC Fires will be uncontrollable, unpredictable and fast moving, Flames will be higher than roof tops,
'* Many people will die and be injured. Thousands of homes may be destroyed.

FDR 100+ '° Well prepared, constructed and actively defended homes may not be safe during a fire.

  
 
    
   
   
   

Construction standards do not go beyond a fire danger index of 100.
Thousands of embers will be blown around.
‘Spot fires will move quickly and come from many directions, up to 20km ahead of the fire.

ACTION: Leaving is the safest option for your survival.

+ Fires will be uncontrollable, unpredictable and fast moving. Flames will be higher than roof tops.

+ People will die and be injured. Hundreds of homes may be destroyed

« Only well prepared, well constructed and actively defended houses are likely to offer safety during a
fire.

* Thousands if embers will be blown around.

+ Spot fires will move quickly and come from many directions, up to 6 km abead of the fire.

ACTION: leaving is the safest option for your survival. Only stay If your hore Is well prepared
and you can ectively defend &

Fires will be uncontrollable and move quickly. Flames may be higher than roof tops.
There is a change people may die and be injured. Some homes will be destroyed.

‘Spot fires may occur up to 4 km ahead of the fire.

     
  

ie

VERY HIGH WES can he ncaa Oconee Flames per eanhe taper :
There is a low chance people may die or be injured. Some homes may be damaged or destroyed
FOR 25—49 Well prepared and actively defended houses can offer safety during a fire.

Expect embers to be blown ahead of the fire
‘Spot fires may occur up to 2 km ahead of the fire.

Ceres

 

embers to be blown ahead of the fire.
Spot fires can occur close to the main fire,

 

ACTION: know where to get more information and monitor the situation for any changes.
's Fires can be easily controlled,
Little to no risk fo life property.

 

 

 

 

Plate 3 - Fire Danger Rati ng System

 

© 2022 5

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

The following section outlines the steps to be taken as the FDR increases; however, an earlier
evacuation may be triggered by other circumstances such as thick smoke causing medical
problems for occupants of the site. It should be noted that in the event of a bushfire emergency,
designated and appropriately qualified and trained staff are to remain onsite to assist with site
evacuation procedures until all persons requiring assistance have exited the site.

1. Precautions for a prevailing Low — Moderate fire danger rating.
e Staff are aware of evacuation procedures.

e Ensure internal access roads are maintained and can accommodate the expected
traffic.

2. Precautions for a prevailing High fire danger rating.
e Staff are aware of evacuation procedures.
e Ensure that water points are functional.

e Ensure internal access roads are unobstructed and can accommodate the expected
traffic.

e Staff to be warned of the potential risk.

e Ensure that signage informing personnel of the evacuation procedures in the event of
a bushfire are provided on site.

3. Precautions for a prevailing Very High fire danger rating.
e Staff, occupants and visitors are aware of evacuation procedures.
e €nsure that water points are functional.

e Ensure internal access roads are unobstructed and are capable of handling the
expected traffic.

e Ensure that vehicles are parked in such a way as to facilitate the prompt and safe
egress of vehicles to the shelter in place location and if need be from the site (i.e.,
vehicles not being parked or positioned in a manner which impedes traffic flow.

e Staff to be verbally warned by Fire Wardens of the potential risk.

e Ensure that signage informing personnel of the evacuation routes in the event of a
bushfire are clearly visible (i.e., shelter in place and site exit signage).

4. Precautions for a prevailing Severe to Extreme fire danger rating.
e Staff, occupants and visitors are aware of evacuation procedures.
e Ensure that water points are functional.

e Ensure internal access roads are unobstructed and can accommodate the expected
traffic.

e Ensure that vehicles are parked in such a way as to facilitate the prompt and safe
egress of vehicles to the shelter in place location and if need be from the site (i.e.,
vehicles not being parked or positioned in a manner which impedes traffic flow.

e Staff, occupants and visitors to be verbally warned by Fire Wardens of the potential
risk.

e Ensure that signage informing personnel of the evacuation routes in the event of a
bushfire are provided on site.

e Stay informed of any local bushfires and determine the level of threat to the site by
contacting the local Fire Brigade. :

Q:

©2022 6 IAP Mec me cee

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

e Monitor relevant websites, local media and public service announcements regarding
the fire situation.

5. Precautions for a prevailing Catastrophic fire danger index.

e The facility is not to accept new visitors under these conditions as the risk is considered
too great.

e Staff, occupants and visitors are aware of evacuation procedures.
e Ensure that water points are functional.

e Ensure internal access roads are unobstructed and can accommodate the expected
traffic.

e Ensure that vehicles are parked in such a way as to facilitate the prompt and safe
egress of vehicles to the shelter in place location and if need be from the site (i.e.,
vehicles not being parked or positioned in a manner which impedes traffic flow.

e Staff, occupants and visitors to be verbally warned by Fire Wardens of the potential
risk.

e Ensure that signage informing personnel of the evacuation routes in the event of a
bushfire are provided on site.

e Stay informed of any local bushfires and determine the level of threat to the site by
contacting the local Fire Brigade.

e Monitor relevant websites, local media and public service announcements regarding
the fire situation.

Additional precautions where the presence of an uncontrolled fire is within 10km of the
site.

e Stay informed of the fire’s progress and determine the level of threat to the subject site
by contacting the local Fire Control Staff (i.e., the Noosa Heads Fire & Rescue Station)
and monitor announcements regarding the fire situation via QFES public notifications.

e Alert staff and site occupants to the presence of a fire and the possibility of an
evacuation.

Additional precautions where the presence of an uncontrolled fire is within 5km of the
site.

e Alert staff and site occupants to the presence of a fire and advise them to pack up their
belongings in preparation for imminent evacuation as directed by the relevant
emergency service (depending on position of fire and projected burn pathway).

e Implement evacuation as directed by the relevant emergency service (depending on
position of fire and projected burn pathway).

e Advise the relevant emergency services of the instigation of site evacuation and the
numbers involved.

A copy of the QFES Get Ready Guide is provided as Appendix 1 and the management
measures described therein form a component of the general evacuation protocols to be

employed during a bushfire emergency and as part of general preparedness for such an
emergency.

© 2022

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Bushfire Evacuation Plan v1 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

 

APPENDIX 1 — GET READY GUIDE

 

© 2022 8

Page 55

Queensland Fire and Emergency Services

 

   

   

Queensland
Government

 

Page 56

oo) Ty

Queensland Fire and Emergency Services.............++ ns haueusuveveeasnesparsserane 3
4-Step Plan..:...ee Fee sesseeeeneeseeeeenees 4
Step 1 - Prepare Your Emergency Plan
Step 2A - Emergency Kit.. i
Step 2B - Evacuation Kit... eeeseesseesseeeceeeeeseeeeseeeseeseaeeceseeeeseeeeeeens 7
Step 3 - Prepare YOUr HOME.........ssseseesseesseeeeeneeseseeesneeseeseseees wsenene
Step 4 - Tune Into Warnings...........
Severe Storm.

 

 

CYCLO C yas scesins siaxisisaoavonen sosaneaaxevabvwsnsets snaenta caissas aasnescdi dance mates veetRaR TNT 12
BUSH... ee ececseeteeseeeseeeseeeseeseeeeeasereeseeeneees seseeeeaeeseeeeeneeeeneeeeneeeenaeeens 13
Other EVents ...... ec eeceeeseceesecssceseesseesceeeseeeseeeseeeesecseeeaeeseeeeseneeeseeeeeseeseaee

Advice From SES.
Household Emergency Plan..........cccsssecsseceseecessesesssessessesseseseessssecseneens .16
Recovering After a DiSaster.............scscccessesessesseesesesssnseenseees ceuaesaarvorerecs 18

 

© State of Queensland (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services) 2019
The Queensland Goverment, acting through the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services, supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of publicly
funded information and endorses the use of the Australian Governments Open Access and Licensing Framework (AusGOAL).

All Queensland Fire and Emergency Services material in this document ~ except the QFES logo, any material protected by a trademark, and unless otherwise noted ~ is.
licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4,0 licence,

The Queensland Fire and Emergency Services has undertaken reasonable enquiries to identify material owned by third parties and secure permission forts
reproduction. Permission may need to be obtained from third parties to re-use their material,

Written requests relating to the copyright in this document should be addressed to:
Intellectual Property Coordinator

Information Management, Ministerial and Executive Services

Public Safety Business Agency

GPO Box 9879, Brisbane 4001

EM: [email protected]

2

Page 57

 

 

QUEENSLAND FIRE AND EMERGENCY SERVIC

The purpose of this booklet is to assist all Queenslanders to understand the types of disasters
that may affect their area and what they need to do in order to prepare for these events.

Queenslanders each year face a range of hazards, including bushfires, cyclones, floods
and severe storms. All Queenslanders share responsibility for not just being prepared for
disasters, but also building a community that is resilient to nature’s ongoing challenges.

That’s why Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (QFES) work closely with residents,
councils, other government agencies, community groups and business, to encourage and
help everyone to Get Ready.

QFES’ operational arms are also on standby around the clock to respond to incidents such
as structure fires, chemical spills and a wide range of rescues from swift flowing water, road
crashes, or in remote or dangerous situations.

Alongside the paid emergency services workforce, close to 40,000 trained QFES volunteers
give their time to local communities across the state as part of the Rural Fire Service (RFS) and
the State Emergency Service (SES).

RFS volunteers help landowners manage fire risk on properties through hazard reduction
burns and turn out around the clock to fight bushfires wherever they start.

SES volunteers are best known for their work helping communities respond to severe weather
events and assisting police and other agencies with searches.

 

Page 58

a3)

3 (]4-STEP PLAN

Don’t wait for a disaster to happen before you think about how you and your
family are going to survive...

In a major disaster, high winds, fire, or rising floodwaters can prevent emergency services
from reaching you. Debris and damage can cut road access. Your community and your family
could become isolated for up to three days or more.

Even if you live just around the corner from a shopping centre, you may not be able to get
there. And even if you could, the shops may be closed due to damage, lack of electricity, staff
not being able to get there or being out of stock.

After a disaster has passed, roads can be closed and essential services disrupted, such
as power, gas and water supply, and phone communications. Emergency Services will be
focused on assisting the most vulnerable in the community during an event where a large
number of people are affected.

Depending on your circumstances, you may not have immediate access to the support
provided and will need to rely on the supplies and equipment you have on hand at home.

If you were isolated by a disaster right now, are you prepared? Do you have enough food,
water and equipment to sustain your family for three days or more?

The following four simple steps will ensure you and your family are as prepared as possible.

Prepare yrsat pentane: A

Page 59

STEP 1 - PREPARE YOUR EMERGENCY PLAN

Take the time now to prepare an Emergency Plan.

 

Develop your Emergency Plan with the entire household. It is an
important step to prepare for what can happen and to stay safe.

  
  

t
"read

QUEENSLAND

» Research hazards and disaster management arrangements in
your community:

Check with council if your area is prone to bushfire, cyclone, storm,
flood or tsunami.
Ask about local emergency plans, evacuation zones and nominated
evacuation routes for where you live and work. .
Ask about evacuation centres and Neighbourhood Safer Places.
Ask about details in emergency and evacuation plans at your workplace, school and childcare
provider. Provide them with your household emergency contact details.
Find out what sort of support is available to your household via council and local support agencies
(if required).

» Discuss possible scenarios and responses with your household:
What might happen in a bushfire, cyclone, storm, flood or tsunami?
What would you all do in the event of each emergency?
Where might you be when an emergency occurs? (Home, school, work etc.)
How will you stay in contact?
Where would you go if you need to evacuate?

Are there medical conditions or special needs of household members that require specific
consideration?

What preparations are required for your pets?
» Record details on your Emergency Plan:
Two out of town emergency contacts in case you and your family become separated.

Two emergency meeting places in case you cannot return home or you need to evacuate. One in
your neighbourhood and another further inland and on higher ground that everyone can easily get
to.

 

Information on the council evacuation zone you live in and nominated evacuation routes for your
area.

All householder contact phone numbers.
Specific medical conditions, essential medications and dosage.
Details for your pets — description, veterinarian contact details and medications.
All tasks required prior to evacuating (storing electrical items off the ground, switching off main
supplies, sandbagging drains etc.)
» Ensure everyone is prepared:
Teach children how and when to call Triple Zero (000) in an emergency.
Queensland Ambulance Service advises householders to have a sound knowledge of first aid.

Ensure everyone knows where, how and when to turn off the main power, water and gas supply in
case of emergency and evacuation.

Share your emergency plan with family and friends.

 

@e @ ®@
YaaQa

 

Page 60

EMERGENCY KIT

 

STEP 2A - EMERGENCY KIT

Your Emergency Kit contains the

provisions for your essential needs in

the event of an emergency.

 

Include items you’d need for several days in
case of disruption to essential services (i.e.

power and water supplies). Also, include the
equipment you'll need to prepare meals with

no power. Keep your kit in a waterproof storage

container and store in an easy to access
location. Check your kit every season to stock

up and rotate supplies to ensure provisions are

fresh and safe to use.

» Food and water for at least three days:
10 litres of water per person as 3 days
supply
Non-perishable food
Can opener, cutlery and cooking equipment

» Medical and sanitation supplies:

First Aid Kit and manual
Essential medications, prescriptions and
dosage
Toilet paper and personal hygiene items
Toiletries — toothbrush, toothpaste, soap,
shampoo etc.

» Light:

Battery or wind-up torch/lantern (extra
batteries)

M CHECKLIST

Wa-fresh Mrcamalce days

| PR UniccteMere Noo) ttgho) neue rene eer
and can ope

| RoR R Sie eo ea

gloves

| Fees erate oyetacli| Tetiometell and oi

mobile phone

h - essential medication
medi phone and charger
Meme eniece el eee
cash

 

» Communications:
> Battery powered or wind-up radio
(extra batteries)

Fully charged mobile phone and charger

Prepaid phone cards and coins for phone
booth calls

» Clothing and footwear:
Change of warm protective clothes and
shoes for everyone

» Important documents:
Keep original or certified copies
Scan copies to USB or online storage

IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS
nsurance (house, contents, vehicles, life)

roperty
bank documents a
@ passports, Mies CUNT UAce {CASS
medicare, pension, immunisation records
Memergency plan + contact numb:

 

Page 61

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  

Other emergency supplies to have ready at home

  

aY/NGU NCO

mm
STEP 2B - EVACUATION KIT

The potential need to evacuate where you live
might happen at short notice. Preparing an
Evacuation Kit now will save you time and be
one less thing to stress about in the event of
a disaster.

Note - you may not be able to take your
emergency kit into a shelter or evacuation
centre. Contact your local council for more
information.

When you evacuate, ensure that you take
your Emergency Kit, Evacuation Kit and
Emergency Plan with you. To help you

prepare, download a copy of the Prepare
Lol selon tLe] gM ream a(clola Celt)
getready.qld.gov.au/be-prepared

 

taney

blanket ee
[Dede tet einer ;
-kids toys/entertainment
md -pillows

eerie elena UUW =kel cl" 0 82-k- teen
- baby formula + nappies _

Page 62

PREPARE YOUR HOME

a

 

SUN ed lad cede)

General home maintenance:

 

OME

 

 

 

Be careful
» Keep your roof in good condition and check it regularly. using portable
» Keep gutters and downpipes clear so water can drain away quickly. eS
» Trim trees and overhanging branches (be aware of any overhead powerlines). pie re
» Check and fix any corrosion, rotten timber, termite infestations and loose orin enclosed
fittings. Etec ea)
General home preparations: pps
» Ensure your home, contents and car insurance is current and adequate. This can lead
Check your policy includes debris clean up and removal. a eel
» Identify the strongest room to shelter in place during severe storm or cyclone. pes ie
» Identify where and how to turn off the main supply for water, power and gas. colourless
» Consider what arrangements need to be made if you have pets. Be
» Check with your neighbours in case they need assistance. aries
If you live in a flood-prone area: Rd

 

CCT

 

» Store all poisons and garden chemicals well above ground level.
» Identify indoor items you will need to raise or empty if flood threatens.

» Consider alternatives to carpet and relocate power-points to well above previous flood
levels (using a licensed contractor).

If you live in a cyclone / severe storm-prone area:

» Arrange for a professional builder to check your building and identify ways you can
increase the structural security of your home to withstand high winds.
» Fit windows with shutters or metal screens for added protection during high winds.
If you live in a bushfire-prone area:
» Understand your risk - speak to your local Rural Fire Brigade or Volunteer Community
Educator.
» Prepare your Bushfire Survival Plan
ensure access to your property is easy for fire vehicles.

remove materials that can help fuel a fire (e.g. long dry grass, dead leaves, branches or debris
around your home).

check that pumps, generators and water systems are working correctly.

Final home preparations:

» For when warnings are issued for cyclone or severe storm
disconnect electrical appliances and external television / radio aerials and turn off electricity and
gas main supplies if instructed to do so.

Secure or put away items (e.g. garden furniture) that can be blown around.

fill buckets and bath with clean water in case of interruptions to water supply.

close windows with shutters or tape windows with strong tape and draw curtains.
» For when warnings are issued for flood:

disconnect electrical appliances.

move outdoor equipment, garbage, chemicals and poisons to a higher location.

empty and raise freezers / refrigerators and stack or move furniture, valuables and electrical items
off-site,

sandbag internal drains and toilets to prevent sewage backflow.
move livestock, plant and feed to higher ground.

Page 63

ae eA Cees

Ensure everyone knows how to
Tune In, Log On, Listen Out and Act:

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
   
  
      
 
  

 

TUNEIN:

» To your local radio and TV station to listen
for warnings and weather updates and local
community safety announcements.

LOG ON:

» To the Bureau of Meteorology (www.bom.gov.au)
for weather warnings.

» To www.qld.gov.au/alerts for information on current
disasters.

» To your council website (www.lgaq.asn.au) for:
local information on the emergency

information on evacuation centres and evacuation routes
information on assistance after a disaster event.

LISTEN OUT:

» Forthe Standard Emergency Warning Signal (SEWS) - the siren sound used at the beginning
of serious warnings on radio and
television. Pay careful attention to the
message that follows SEWS and act
immediately on the advice given. ET)

» For Emergency Alert voice messages ue
to your landline and text messages to
your mobile telephone.

» Forsirens and loud-hailer
announcements that Emergency Services may use.

» For Emergency Services personnel who may door-knock your local area to pass on warnings.
ACT:

» Act quickly on the advice provided.

» Ensure all householders are aware of the warning and advice provided.
» Check on neighbours and friends who may need special assistance.

» Activate your Emergency Plan and locate your Emergency Kit.

» Activate your evacuation arrangements if required.

 

Sa

rer

 

TUNE INTO WARNINGS

Pie uae eee)

     

Seances Age une Caines

evacuate to your predetermined safer location.

facebook.com/QldFireandEmergencyServices
facebook.com/QueenslandPolice

wW twitter.com/QIdFES or @QIdFES
twitter.com/qpsmedia

Page 64

   
   
  
   
   

You don’t have to live in the bush to be threatened by bushfire,
just close enough to be affected by burning material, embers,
and smoke.

PREPARE

 

Planning and preparing for bushfire is essential to your survival TMM Enea Gas
in a bushfire — people who plan and prepare for bushfires are Pa aPEeeeenctramrdamucenra cart
more likely to survive than those that do not. fire behaviour, the difficulty of
» Prepare your Bushfire Survival Plan (BSP) SU aU Oe eae

contact your local fire station for a copy or download one at ipEeiondio coments, MASen

Www rliralfirerqld:govall early indicator of potential danger,
A .qid.gov.au. Sr
s Eee CC -Ca are Mm tle

» Decide NOW if you will prepare to stay or prepare to leave. ea MUI URc ml
» Share your Bushfire Survival Plan with your family and SNe ekg
friends.

» Practise your Bushfire Survival Plan regularly.

ACT

 

PND) Tels
Take Action to save your life. Q ier elie Sti Si
1S) Survival Plan.
» Refer to your prepared Bushfire Survival Plan. 4 -
» Ifyou are going to prepare to leave. wo Ps on ae
A 5 - Ss Conditions are changing. Start
eee and friends that you are - Ree eUC nl
: & IsTUV alii cemesd 0 Nae ClO
Tell them where you are going. 3
» Ifyou are going to prepare to stay. | 7
“Follow the plans you have made in your Bushfire EU e ec el
Survival Plan to prepare your home. NTN
Notify your family and friends that you are
staying.

» Tune in to bushfire wamings via your local radio station, QFES websites and social media.

SURVIVE

 

 

 

Follow your plan (or BSP) to stay alive. Ifyou have stayed
» As the fire passes.
Ifyouhaveleftearly Stay fete your home until the fire has
» Don’t return to your home until you are passed.
advised it is safe to do so. Keep hydrated.
» Remember to look out for dangers as you Check around your home for possible
return home including: embers.
Emergency Crews working around the area. Check on everyone in your home and make
Animals not behaving normally. sure they are ok.
Trees that may have been weakened by the » Once it has passed.
fire and can fall at any time. Check around the outside of your house for
“Power lines that have come down or may fall. spot fires.
Water and other infrastructure that may not Drink plenty of water.
be working. Stay at your home until it is safe.

For more informationsvisit » Stay tuned in for bushfire warnings and

www.ruralfire.qld.gov.au or read other messages.
PREPARE.ACT.SURVIVE. resources.

 

13

Page 65

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OUSEHOLD EMERGENCY PLAN

Circle the hazards in our area:

0 @ @® ¢ @

 

BUSHFIRE STORM CYCLONE COASTAL FLOOD
INUNDATION
Place to meet: |
——— j nS —|
| Address: | |

“Phone number:

| Email address:

 

Address:

Phone number: |

| Email address:

 

Main service supplies

 

Electricity:
Gas:
Water:

NaC rater Maite Cee eerie)

Our strongest room is

 

ele eee ot Cue CMAs

 

Pets Pet requirements (including vet details)

Page 66

 

Ry Tae ty

 
   
 
  
   

   

Mee)

tact details

   

ae Ta ee acy

   

Triple Zero (000) Life threatening emergencies: Police - Fire - Ambulance

132 500 Storm damage and rising flood water - SES

| Local Council

Doctor/hospital_ |
Chemist |

 

Insurance supplier

   
    

ee Me TA Ea Cue cle

   

   

O Contact all householders O Make final preparations
O Check on our neighbours O Tune into Warnings
O Locate Emergency Kit O Shelter in our strongest room
(unless instructed to evacuate)
Evacuation checklist

Prior to evacuation:

 

O Ensure vehicle is full of fuel QO Check on our neighbours

QO Know the location of evacuation O Know the preferred evacuation routes
meeting place

When evacuating:

O Pack Emergency Kit, Evacuation Kit, a O Contact our out of town emergency

copy of our Emergency Plan, important contact before we leave and once we
documents and valuables, medications arrive at our evacuation destination
and water supplies
QO Turn off mains supply for power, gas QO Secure and lock our home and proceed
and water to our predetermined evacuation
destination

If flooding or storm surge is imminent:

QO Sandbag internal drains and toiletsto © Store electrical items
_ prevent backwash off the ground

DISPLAY YOUR EMERGENCY PLAN ON THE FRIDGE. PROVIDE COPIES TO HOUSEHOLD
MEMBERS, RELEVANT FRIENDS, FAMILY AND NEIGHBOURS AND KEEP A COPY IN YOUR
EMERGENCY KIT.

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Page 67

Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

APPENDIX 3 — FIRE BREAK APPROVALS

© 2023 42

NCES REF: J000542

Page 68

Officer Name: Michael! Lyons

 

Officer Email: mail@n .ald.gov.
Phone No: 07 5329 6500
CRM No: RM2022/09056 & RM2020/5358

7 June 2022

OZCARE
c/- 66 River Terrace
Kangaroo Point QLD 4169

Attention: Anna Gorgijeski ([email protected])

Dear Ms Gorgijeski,

Re: APPROVAL to remove vegetation for fire management purposes
100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

Council advises that your recent application for permission to remove vegetation for fire
management purposes within Girraween Nature Refuge (1SP239726) has been approved
under specific conditions as indicated below:

General

1. Approval is for the removal of vegetation, as detailed in permit application and email sent
to Council 27" April 2022. No vegetation, other than that specifically approved for
removal, is to be damaged.

2. The applicant, Ozcare, is responsible for all costs associated with the work and
reinstatement of the site to Council Approved Standard.

3. Should the work result in damage to council infrastructure or should remediation of the
site be required following completion of the work, council may use part or all of the bond
to fund such work. Should the amount of the bond be insufficient to cover costs, the
applicant will be liable to cover those additional costs.

4. Residents who may be affected by the removal of the tree must be notified of the work at

least three days in advance of the work being undertaken.

All debris associated with the work must be removed from the site.

A Council representative attends a pre-start meeting prior to works commencing.

7. Ajoint (Ozcare & Noosa Shire Council) media release, stating purpose of activity is to be
published for broader community notification.

8. No impacts to Endangered, Vulnerable & Near Threatened species identified under the
Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1992.

9. Sheoak (Allocasuarina littoralis) trees are to be retained in perpetuity as per submitted
survey to Council on the 27" April 2022.

Oa

Contractors 2
10. Approved Noosa Council contractors must be engaged to undertake the approved work.

11. Contractors are required to be trained to AQF Level 3 in Arboriculture or equivalent
recognised and with relevant experience.

12. All work is to be performed in accordance with all applicable laws, ordinances and
regulations required by authorities having jurisdiction over such work and provide for all
inspections and permits required by Federal, State and Local Governments and
Authorities in furnishing and transporting materials.

13. All Workplace Health & Safety regulations must be adhered to.

 

NOOSA COUNCIL PO Box'141

Aan 97 Geo 21412 TEWANTIN QLD 4565
Document Set ID: 21955679
Version: 1, Version Date: 08/06/2022

'9 6500 mail@noosa_qid.gov.au
www.noosa.qid.gov.au

  

Page 69

14. All machinery is to be controlled by competent operators in possession of appropriate and
current licences/tickets.

15. Contractors must hold Public Liability Insurance in the sum of $20 million.

16. The Dial Before You Dig information obtained (this can be done online at
https:/Awww.1100.com.au/) which demonstrates that the tree works will not interfere with

existing underground services, is to be provided to the tree contractor prior to works
commencing.

17. Traffic and pedestrian access and management must be MUTCD (Manual of Uniform
Traffic Control Devices) compliant.

18. Work must be undertaken and completed within 28 days of receipt of approval.

Native wildlife
19. A licensed and qualified fauna spotter/catcher is present at all times during operations.

Stumps

20. Stumps are to be cut as low as possible and poisoned with an appropriate herbicide
application to prevent re-shooting.

OR

21. Stumps must be ground to a minimum depth of 200mm.

22. Stump grinding is to be inclusive of any surface roots that may be reasonably considered
a potential trip hazard to pedestrians.

23. Woodchip produced during stump grinding is to be removed from the site,

24. Depressions created during stump grinding operations must be back filled to existing
ground level with soil containing no more than 2% organic material.

25. Stump grinding sites are to be left ina clean and safe condition for use by pedestrians.

Please note that in order to receive the Bond refund OZCARE must email Council to advise
completion of all works and provide your bank account details. Once inspected and all works
are fully completed and accepted, Council will release the performance bond back to you.

Should you wish to discuss this issue further, please do not hesitate to contact our Natural

Areas team at [email protected]., or Council's contact officer noted on this

correspondence. Please quote RM2022/09056 for any future communication regarding this
matter.

Yours faithfully,

 

Leo Jensen

Director Environment and Sustainable De Acting)

 

Document Set ID: 21955679
Version: 1, Version Date: 08/06/2022

Page 70

Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2

NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9on RP225312 —1 00 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

APPENDIX 4 ~ RADIANT HEAT FLUX CALCULATIONS FOR PROPOSED SEPARATION

FPA

AUSTRALIA

 

abe

  

Exposed RHF based on Proposed Separation - VHC 22.1

 

CS ecw Niele 4 Level calculator

 

AS3959-2018 (Method 2)

Heat of combustion

Flame temperature

 

© 2023

18,600 ki/kg

1,200 K

43

    

Fire Danger Index 48 Rate of spread 1.44 km/h
Vegetation classification Forest Flame length 12.79 m
Understorey fuel load 23.4 t/ha Flame angle 82°

Total fuel load 28.4 t/ha Panel height 12.67 m
Vegetation height n/a Elevation of receiver 5.33 m
Effective slope ro Fire intensity 21,190 kw/m
Site slope 1° Transmissivity / 0.77
Distance to vegetation 57.14 m Viewfactor 0.0868
Flame width 100 m al i

Windspeed n/a

 

 

 

 

Page 71

Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

=
FPR

AUSTRALIA

 

 

Gr

Calculated moder 16, 2022, 1:17 pm (BAC y 4.9

 

Exposed RHF based on Proposed Separation - VHC 29.2

      
     

Bushfire Attack Level calculator - AS39590 2018 (Method 2)

 
 

 

Fire Danger Index 48 Rate of spread 1.03 km/h
Vegetation classification Woodland Flame length 9.65 m
Understorey fuel load 16.8 t/ha Flame angle 80°

Total fuel load 24.3 t/ha Panel height 9.5m
Vegetation height n/a Elevation of receiver 4.22m
Effective slope a9: | Fire intensity 13,017 kW/m
Site slope re Transmissivity 9.8139999999999990
Distance to vegetation 30.49 m Viewfactor 0.148

Flame width 100 m

Windspeed n/a

Heat of combustion 18,600 ki/kg

Flame temperature 1,200 kK

 

 

 

 

 

Page 72

Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v2 NCES REF: J000542
Lot 9 on RP225312 — 14 00 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

—

 

AD ie

AUSTRALIA

Calculated No

 

ember 16 18 pm (BALc v.4.9)

Exposed RHF based on Proposed Separation - VHC 34.5

      
  

Bushfire Attack Level calculator - AS39590 2018 (Method 2)

  

Fire Danger Index 48 Rate of spread 3.07 km/h
Vegetation classification Shrubland Flame length 7.47 m
Understorey fuel load 8 t/ha Flame angle 82°

Total fuel load 13 t/ha Panel height 7.4m
Vegetation height 1.5m Elevation of receiver 3.25 m
Effective slope 1° Fire intensity 20,621 kW/m
Site slope 2° Transmissivity 0.825
Distance to vegetation 25.58 m Viewfactor 9.1398

  
 

Flame width 100 m : gel

Windspeed 45 km/h Bushfire Attack Level

Heat of combustion 18,600 ki/kg

 

BAL-19

Flame temperature 1,200 K

 

 

 

© 2023 45

 

Page 73

Bushfire Hazard Assess

Lot 9 on RP225312 — 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads

ment & Management Plan v2

NCES REF: J000542

 

APPENDIX 5 — RADIANT HEAT BARRIER CALCULATION

 

 

 

Fire Danger Index 48
Vegetation classification Woodland
Understorey fuel load 16.8 t/ha
Total fuel load 24.3 t/ha
Vegetation height nla
Effective slope 1°

Site slope 1°
Distance to vegetation 30.6 m
Flame width 100 m
Windspeed va

Heat of combustion 18,600 ki/kg
Flame temperature 1,200 K
Actual barrier height 2.5m

 

Rate of spread

Flame length

Flame angle

Panel height

Elevation of receiver
Effective barrier height
Fire intensity
Transmissivity
Viewfactor

Radiant heat flux
Viewfactor of barrier

Adjusted viewfactor

 

1.03 km/h

9.65 m

80°

3.5m

4.22m

2.5m

13,017 kW/m

O.8139999999999999

0.1474

13.41 kW/m?

0.0373

  

 

 

© 2023

46

 

 

Page 74

BUILDING BUSHFIRE SAFETY AND
SPREAD PREVENTION STRATEGY

100 COOYAR STREET NOOSA HEADS QLD 4567




PROJECT NO:           WBFE965-001-2023
REVISION:             0P1
DATE:                 22/03/2023

                                               NOOSA COUNCIL
                                           REFERENCE DOCUMENT
                                         132001.210127.3 20 JULY 2023

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Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention
100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads QLD 4567



DOCUMENT AUTHORISATION

REVISION HISTORY

 REVISION            DATE                    DETAILS                                PREPARED BY                  APPROVED BY


 Rev 0P1             22/03/2022              Preliminary issue for design           Michael Greenwood            Michael Greenwood
                                             team review and comment

Table 1 – Document Revision History




 © WalkerBai Fire Engineering Pty Ltd


  INFORMATION
 The information in this document has been prepared for the intended recipient and the contents are confidential. The contents
 of this document are not to be reproduced, copied, or implemented in whole or in part without the prior written consent of
 WalkerBai Consulting.


 DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY
 The information contained in this document is provided under direction from the client and all contents have been prepared
 based on the information provided under this direction. Any third party reviewing the content of this document needs to make
 their own assessment on the appropriateness of the information contained within. WalkerBai Consulting make no assurance
 that the information meets the needs of a third party and as such accepts no liability for any loss or damage incurred by third
 parties whatsoever as a result of using the information.




P a g e 2 | 18                                                                                               Project Number: WBFE965-001-2023
                                                                                                                 Date: 22/03/2023

Page 76

 Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention
 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads QLD 4567



 Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention

 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads QLD 4567
 WBFE965-001-2023
 Revision No: 0P1
 22/03/2023


 Prepared for:
 Ozcare
 66 River Terrace,
 Kangaroo Point QLD 4169


 Prepared by:
Michael Greenwood




CPEng 3601797, NPER, MIEAust, RPEQ 15806,
PE0001717, BPB2570
WalkerBai Fire Engineering
P: +61 1800 957 000
Email: [email protected]


 Approved by:
 Michael Greenwood




 CPEng 3601797, NPER, MIEAust, RPEQ 15806,
 PE0001717, BPB2570
 WalkerBai Fire Engineering
 P: +61 1800 957 000
 Email: [email protected]
 www.walkerbai.com




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Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention
100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads QLD 4567



EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This document prepared for Ozcare is a preliminary Fire Safety Strategy report analysing the risk of bushfire spread
to and from the Residential Aged Care Facility (RACF) component of the existing Ozcare Noosa Development located
at 100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads.
The scope of works to which this Fire Safety Strategy Report is applicable involves the redevelopment of the existing
2 storey RACF facility.
Volume 1 of BCA 2019 only requires Class 2, 3 and 10a buildings to comply with AS 3959.
As a result of the site redevelopment, the Noosa Planning Scheme has required that a bushfire hazard assessment is
prepared with this scope of works carried out by North Coast Environmental Services. Being a BCA Class 9c building,
the building is considered as a vulnerable residential building type in terms of its occupancy. This fire safety strategy
report is provided through adopting the principles of best practice and due diligence.
As such considering the locality of the scope of works involving the redevelopment of the existing building, further
fire engineering analysis of the site has been carried out to determine the potential for fire spread to occur to the
building during a bushfire with building fire safety strategy requirements to be implemented in order to prevent fire
spread via a bushfire. Egress and fire brigade intervention issues have also been considered to ensure that these
required fire safety measures have been suitably considered for the development.
This report outlines the potential for bushfire to spread from the adjacent vegetation to the RACF and the risk of fire
from spreading to the bushland via a fire event originating within the RACF. Further, the report provides a summary
of recommendations to ensure these scenarios do not occur, such that bushfire spread via the RACF would not be
expected to occur.
A list of recommendations are provided in Section 3 for consideration.




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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 ....... Scope of Project ............................................................................................................................. 6
2 ....... Assessment of Fire Safety Strategy – Risk of Bushfire Spread via RACF .................12
3 ....... Fire Safety Recommendations ................................................................................................16




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1 SCOPE OF PROJECT

1.1 Introduction
This Fire Safety Strategy Report has been prepared to document the risk of fire spread between the building and the
surrounding vegetation and therefore to determine and nominate a set of fire safety recommendations to prevent
the spread of fire.
The aim of this report is to document an agreed outcome that considers the input and requirements of the relevant
stakeholders. And to provide a set of outcomes through which the risk for bushfire spread is mitigated to an
acceptable degree.
The level of building fire safety has been determined by a systematic performance-based evaluation generally
complying with the Australian Building Codes Board and "International Fire Engineering Guidelines".
The project involves the redevelopment of the existing 2 storey RACF at Ozcare Noosa.

1.2 Fire Engineering Team & Stakeholders
The Fire Engineering team and other stakeholders for the project comprise the following people and organisations:
    NAME                           ORGANISATION                                          ROLE
    Tony Barnett                   Ozcare                                                Client
    Fred Jacuzzi
                                   Enrich Architecture                                   Architect
    Todd Young
    Joshua Lee                     North Coast Environmental Services                    Environmental Consultant
    Shawn Brosnan                  Formiga 1                                             Building Certifier
    TBC                            Queensland Fire & Emergency Services (QFES)           Fire Brigade Advice
    Michael Greenwood
                                   Walkerbai Fire Engineering                            Fire Safety Engineer
    Tristan Goode
Table 2 – Relevant Stakeholders

1.3 Sources of Information
The following sources of information have been used in the preparation of this document:
▪         National Construction Code, 2019. Volume One, Building Code of Australia Class 2 – 9 Buildings.
▪         Architectural documentation prepared by Enrich Architecture.
▪         Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan prepared by North Coast Environmental Services, dated
          March 2023.

1.4 Limitations
The following limitations will apply to the Fire Engineering Assessment proposed to be undertaken.
▪         The assessment does not assess property protection and associated business continuity or asset management
          issues. The assessment is confined to life safety issues.
▪         The assessment does not assess the level of contents and property protection or the level of business
          interruption within the subject building.
▪         The report assumes a complete and operational building and does not address protection of the building
          during construction, renovation or demolition.




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▪       The Fire Engineering Assessment contained within this document is specific to this project. The findings and
        outcomes of this report shall not be used outside the scope of this project.
▪       The analysis is limited to the assessment of single / accidental fires as intended by the BCA. The fire scenarios
        investigated within this document may be representative of intentional fires caused by an opportunistic
        arsonist; however multiple fires, severe acts of malice intent, terrorism, sabotage, or by wilful interference with
        fire and life safety systems are considered outside the scope of this assessment.

1.5 Assumptions
The primary assumptions used to prepare this Fire Safety Strategy Report are outlined below. Assumptions are based
on practices nominated in the International Fire Engineering Guidelines and incorporate practical simplifications to
maintain a simple analysis that is representative of a real fire and life safety situation. Assumptions are:
▪       Only one fire will occur at a time. In the event of a fire within the building.
▪       All essential services, equipment services and strategies will be maintained to the operational capacity to which
        they were designed and will correctly function during a fire situation.
▪       Prevention of arson, sabotage, and acts of malice are considered to be addressed by security systems and
        management procedures for the facility.
▪       Occupants will become aware of the fire through fire cues from the alarm system, respond to the cue, cope
        with the cue and attempt to avoid the fire, as intended by the BCA for safe evacuation.
▪       All other components of the building not addressed within this document will be installed to the requirements
        of the Deemed-to-Satisfy provisions of the Building Code of Australia applicable at the time of design.

1.6 Building Characteristics
The project involves the development of the existing RACF located in Noosa the location of which is depicted in
Figure 1.




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Figure 1: Location of Ozcare Noosa (Courtesy of Google Maps)

The site plan for the overall project is provided in Figure 2 and 3. The highlighted area of the floor plate identifies the
area of the building subject to the redevelopment works.




Figure 2 Site plan – Ground Level




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100 Cooyar Street, Noosa Heads QLD 4567




Figure 3 Level 1 Floor Plan

As identified above, the areas of the existing RACF that forms the basis of this report include:
▪       The Banksia Wing: including the 30 bed and 40 bed accommodation zones as well as the kitchen, laundry and
        services rooms;
▪       The Administration wing.
▪       The Casuarina Communal Area.
A summary of the building classification and usage is described in below.

    NCC PART / DESCRIPTION                                                 CHARACTERISTICS
    Part A6 / Building classification                            Class 9a Residential Aged Care Building
    Part C1.2 / Rise in Storeys (RIS)                                      2 (2 levels contained)
    Part C2.3 / Large Isolated Building                                                No
    Part C1.1 / Type of Construction                 Type C (as permitted by BCA Clause C1.5 for a sprinkler protected
                                                                            Class 9c building)
    Schedule 3 / Effective Height                                                 < 25 m
Table 3 – Building occupancy and classification


1.7 Fire Safety Provisions
The following Life Safety Systems providing preventative and protective measures are required by the BCA "Deemed
to Satisfy" provisions.
▪       Fire Resistance Level (FRL) requirements in accordance with BCA Spec C1.1 for Type C construction unless
        otherwise specified;
▪       Fire hydrant system in accordance with BCA Clause E1.3 and AS 2419.1;
▪       Fire extinguishers in accordance with BCA Clause E1.6 and AS 2444;
▪       Automatic sprinkler protection system in accordance with BCA Clause E1.5 and AS 2118.1;




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▪        Automatic smoke detection and alarm system in accordance with AS 1670.1;
▪        Building occupant warning system;
▪        Emergency Lighting and Exit Signage as required.

1.8 Occupant Characteristics
The number of occupants accommodated within the building is determined based on the number of bedrooms, and
the number of staff present to service the building. Transient occupants will also be present at different times
including maintenance staff, staff providing other services to the building such as deliveries and visitors.
Based on the function of the building, the occupants can be classified into three key categories:
▪        Staff;
▪        Residents; and
▪        Visitors.
Staff are expected to be physically and mentally capable of evacuating in an emergency event, without the need of
any form of assistance. They are expected to be familiar with the building layout, including all egress points, therefore
reducing their wayfinding delay times. They are also expected to be trained in egress procedures and will assist
residents who are less capable of egressing. They are expected to be conducting their usual work activities at the
time of a possible fire and will therefore be alert.
Residents are expected to be of varying physical and mental capacity at the time of the fire, as many may be asleep,
medicated or unable to evacuate unassisted. To ensure the fire engineering analysis is conservative, it is assumed
throughout that these occupants will require assistance in the event of a fire, which will be provided by staff who are
expected to accompany them. Being accompanied by staff will reduce wayfinding delay to a minimum.
Visitors are expected to be of varying physical and mental capacity, however most are assumed to be able bodied
with the ability to evacuate unassisted. Their familiarity with the building may be low, however they are expected to
know the main egress points from entering the building and be in proximity to the resident they are visiting and
therefore assisting staff in the event of a fire. Visitors are not expected to be trained in any emergency procedures.

1.9 Egress
Egress is achieved on Ground Level by way of multiple exits leading directly to the outside. Fire isolated stairs serve
the upper levels discharging externally from the building.

1.10 Hazard Identification
Fire scenarios relating to an internal fire within the building can be determined with consideration of the following
potential ignition sources and fuel loads in conjunction with the information provided by the International Fire
Engineering Design Guidelines (IFEG) [2] and Fire Engineering Design Guidelines (FEDG) [3] allows for the worst-case
credible fire hazards to be estimated for the different areas of the buildings. The results of this review are provided
below.

    AREA                          IGNITION SOURCES                FUEL SOURCE                   FUEL LOAD (MJ/m2)
    Administration                 •   Short circuit of           •   Loose furnishings (i.e.   •    Administration: 800
                                       electrical wiring              chairs & desks)           •    Office: 200
    Office
                                   •   Electrical faults in       •   Joinery units (i.e.
    Back-of-house                                                     shelving)
                                       fittings or distribution
                                       system                     •   Garbage containers &
                                   •   Heating equipment              wastepaper baskets




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  AREA                             IGNITION SOURCES                FUEL SOURCE                   FUEL LOAD (MJ/m2)
                                                                   •   Electrical equipment
                                                                       (i.e. computers)
                                                                   •   Linings & coverings
                                                                       (wall linings)
  SOUs                              •   Short circuit of           •   Loose furnishings (i.e.   •    Flat: 300
                                        electrical wiring              chairs & desks)           •    Homes (penthouse units):
                                    •   Electrical faults in       •   Joinery units (i.e.            500
                                        fittings or distribution       shelving)                 •
                                        system                     •   Garbage containers &
                                    •   Heating equipment              wastepaper baskets
                                    •   Smoking                    •   Electrical equipment
                                    •    Cooking                       (i.e. computers)
                                                                   •   Linings & coverings
                                                                       (wall linings)
                                                                   •   Bedding and sheets
                                                                       etc.
                                                                   •   Kitchen and cooking
                                                                       appliances
  Corridors/ Circulation areas /    •   Electrical faults in       •   Linings and coverings     •    <100, given the use of
  lobby etc.                            fittings or distribution   •   Loose furnishings              the area and assumption
                                        system                     •   Bags temporarily               that the area will be
                                    •   Contents of rubbish            placed in area                 maintained to ensure low
                                        bags etc.                                                     fuel load
  Restaurant/ dining space          •   Short circuit of           •   Furniture (i.e. chairs    •    400, based on IFEG.
                                        electrical wiring              and tables)
                                    •   Electrical faults in       •   Loose furnishings
                                        appliances or electrical   •   Joinery units (i.e.
                                        equipment                      shelving)
                                    •   Cooking appliances         •   Garbage containers
                                    •   Lighting/fixtures          •   Electrical equipment
                                                                   •   Linings & coverings
                                                                       (wall linings)
  Theatre                           •     Electrical faults in     •   Seating                   •    Theatre: 300
                                          fittings or systems      •   Stage props and
                                     •    Contents of rubbish          equipment
                                          bags                     •   Loose furnishings,
                                     •    Short circuiting of          linings and coverings
                                          electrical equipment     •   Rubbish bins
                                     •    Specialised              •   Electrical equipment
                                          fixtures/lighting        •   Various appliances
                                     •    Sound equipment
Table 4 – Identified possible ignition sources and fuel loads




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Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention
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2 ASSESSMENT OF FIRE SAFETY STRATEGY – RISK OF BUSHFIRE SPREAD VIA RACF

2.1 Introduction
This section outlines the potential for bushfires to spread via the RACF development and provides an assessment of
potential measures to minimise the possibility of fire spread such that it is not considered a credible risk or scenario
during worst-case conditions.

2.2 Exposure of the RACF to Bushfire
North Coast Environmental Services (NCES) have determined the radiant heat exposure to the site using the local
area hazard maps as described by the State Planning Policy mapping. The full description of the assessment
methodology is described within the Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan. The aforementioned report
also identifies that the building will be subject to a BAL assessment in accordance with AS 3959 as voluntarily
proposed by the building owner.
NCES have provided the following overlay map that describes the exposure of the site as a result of the various
Vegetation Hazard Classes (VHC) as identified on site.




Figure 4 VHC Overlay Map

The VHC have been used to determine the Bushfire Intensity Classes as identified in the following figure.




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Figure 5 Bushfire Intensity Classes Overlay Map

Based on the above VHC a quantitative analysis has been undertaken by NCES to determine the radiant heat flux
(RHF) the building is subject to using the different VHC and the principles of AS 3959.
The results of this analysis determined that the building is subject to the following RHF:

VEGETATION HAZARD                                 RADIANT HEAT FLUX                    AREA OF SITE EXPOSED
CLASS
         22.1 (Sub Unit 1)                               7.47 kW/m2                            North of site
         29.2 (Sub Unit 2)                               13.47 kW/m2                         South east of site
         34.5 (Sub Unit 3)                               12.89 kW/m   2
                                                                                                East of site
Table 5 – Building occupancy and classification

Using the above data NCES have determined the necessary distances from these VHC sub units in order to get the
acceptance criteria of <10kW/m2. The following contour diagram shows the <10kW/m2 radiant heat flux exposure to
the site. Using this figure to describe the amount of radiant heat exposure to the site we are able to determine the
appropriate fire safety strategy for the development.
The assessment developed by NCES has also determined the design parameters for a radiant heat battier fence to
shield the potentially exposed south east and east. The extent of the shied is shown in the following diagram. The
shield is 2.5 m in height and of non-combustible construction.




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Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention
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Figure 6 Bushfire Intensity Contour Diagram


2.3 Assessment of RACF Bushfire Spread Potential
Referring to the contour results identified in the figures above, it is apparent that the portion of the building to the
southeast and east of the site receives a potential radiant heat of greater than 10 kW/m2.
In terms of what these values mean in terms of the potential for fire spread to occur, the Guide to the BCA provides
some guidance on the critical heat flux required to cause ignition of certain combustible materials. These values are
provided below.
Timber:
▪      Ignition in the absence of a spark 35 kW/m2
▪      Ignition in the presence of a spark 20 kW/m2
Curtain Materials
▪      Ignition in the absence of a spark 20 kW/m2
▪      Ignition in the presence of a spark 10 kW/m2
If we apply this rudimentary logic to the building, we can determine recommendations to limit the potential for
bushfire fire spread to occur to the aged care building.




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It is noted in this report that the building receives a concession by the BCA to be construct from Type C construction
however given the potential radiant heat exposure to the building is it recommended that the new works achieve the
minimum requirements for Type B construction, all external walls are required to be of non-combustible construction
in accordance with BCA Clause C1.9 and Specification C1.1.
As such all external walls, including the roof and eaves are to be non-combustible. And therefore the only remaining
path of fire spread to occur from a bushfire includes windows.
This logic of limiting the potential for fire spread to occur is consistent with the construction recommendations
provided by AS 3959, whereby external building finishes are of non-combustible construction and ember attack is
considered through application of specific measures to the windows and doors, i.e. paths whereby airborne embers
could enter the building.
As such it is recommended that all openings along the eastern and southern elevations of then building, i.e. windows
are provided with shielding against ember attack. Recommendations also include the provision of self-closing doors
and not providing any curtain type materials to unprotected openings. It is also recommended that combustible
sunshades are not provided / fixed to the building serving any outdoor areas along these elevations.
Referring to the figures below, all areas highlighted in orange areas potentially received a RHF above 10 kW/m2 and
therefore potentially exposed to a radiant heat sufficient to cause ignition of curtain type materials when exposed to
a spark, i.e. thermally thin cellulosic type materials exposed to pilot ignition. This characteristic of ignition is also
consistent with the BAL ratings as described for BAL 12.5 whereby a BAL 12.5 is exposed to ember attack. As such
recommendations are provided on this basis.




Figure 7 Bushfire Intensity: Building elements exposed to > 10kW/m2




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Fire Safety Strategy – Bushfire Fire Spread Prevention
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3 FIRE SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS

3.1 General
Note that all other items of fire and life safety, where not identified being part of the Bushfire fire safety strategy,
are to be in accordance with the Deemed-to-Satisfy provisions of the BCA Volume 1 2019 or relevant standard at
the time of design.
3.2 Fire Safety Systems and Equipment
The bushfire assessment considers the provision of the following services and equipment:
1.     All external walls are to be of non-combustible construction in accordance with BCA Clause C1.9 and
       Specification C1.1.
2.     The roof of the building including the eaves detail are required to be non-combustible.
3.     The following recommendations are to be applied to the southern and eastern elevations of the building, refer
       Figure 6.
       3.1.       No combustible external attachments including trellises, blinds, shutter, pergolas or the like are
                  permitted to be attached to the external face of the building along the southern and eastern elevations.
       3.2.       All windows provided to the building are be fixed non-openable windows.
       3.3.       Any openable windows or doors are to be shielded via a fire attenuation mesh, e.g. Crimsafe. Any fire
                  attenuation mesh shall be installed to the outside of the openings in accordance with the requirements
                  of the tested system and shall be proven to have a radiation attenuation of at least 30%.
       3.4.       Balconies along these elevations shall be shielded via the same fire attenuation mesh system. Provided
                  that fire attenuation screens are provided, sliding doors and curtains are permitted behind them.
4.     All other aspects of the building are to be in accordance with the BCA Deemed-to-Satisfy provisions, including:
       4.1.       FRLs in accordance with the requirements of BCA Type B construction, noting the relevant items above;
       4.2.       Fire hydrant system in accordance with E1.3 and AS 2419.1;
       4.3.       Fire sprinkler system in accordance with E1.5 and AS 2118.1;
       4.4.       Fire extinguishers in accordance with BCA Clause E1.6 and AS 2444;
       4.5.       Smoke detection and alarm system in accordance with BCA Specification E2.2a.
       4.6.       Emergency Lighting and Exit Signage as required.
3.3 Maintenance
Fire and life safety systems shall be maintained in accordance with the relevant Australian Standard to ensure
performance and reliability in the event of an emergency.
Maintenance of the surrounding vegetation area shall be followed with a protocol implemented such that the
extent of the current vegetation as assessed by the NCES report does not encroach towards the building envelope.
The following systems and physical building components shall be maintained in accordance with AS 1851-2012.
•      Fire hydrant system;
•      Fire extinguishers;
•      Fire sprinkler system;
•      Smoke detection and alarm system.
Emergency and exit lighting shall be maintained in accordance with AS 2293.1.




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WalkerBai Fire Engineering
Level 4/260 Queen Street
Brisbane, QLD 4000
Tel: 1800 957 000
www.walkerbai.com