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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 - 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Attached to the e-mail RAL21/0022 - 7 Triller Court_ Pomona - Response to Further Advice Matters & Change to app (1 Lot into 4).
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BUSHFIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
PLAN v4
LOT 4 ON SP320405
7 TRILLER COURT,
POMONA
FOR
MARK OLIVE
FEBRUARY 2023
PO Box 9566 Pacific Paradise QLD 4564 / Email: [email protected]
ABN 60 625 108 625
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document: Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v3
Client: Mark Olive
Project Number: J000841
Project: Reconfiguration of a Lot
Site: Lot 4 on SP320405
7 Triller Court, Pomona
File Ref: C:\OLIVE MARK\7 Triller Crt, Pomona\04 REPORTING\Bushfire Reporting\ Bushfire
Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Version Date Distribution Author/s Approved
1 08/07/2021 Blake Bell – Murray N. Willis (B. Sc., Dip. Joshua Lee
and Associates CLM., mAABR) – (B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ)
Principal Ecologist - Director
2 31/01/2022 Joshua Lee
(B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ)
- Director
3 29/03/2022
4 01/02/2023
DISCLAIMER
To the extent permitted by law, North Coast Environmental Services (including its employees, partners and consultants) excludes
all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses, and any other
compensation, arising directly or indirectly, from using this publication (in part or whole) and any information or material contained
in it.
© 2023 i
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 BACKGROUND 4 1.2 DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL 4 2 SITE DESCRIPTION 5 2.1 GENERAL 5 2.2 TOPOGRAPHY 5 2.3 VEGETATION WITHIN THE SITE 6 2.4 VEGETATION EXTERNAL OF THE SITE 6 3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT 8 3.1 HAZARD ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 8 3.1.1 LOCAL HAZARD AREA MAP 8 3.2 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASSES 9 3.2.1 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 9.1 – MOIST TO DRY EUCALYPT OPEN FORESTS ON COASTAL LOWLANDS AND RANGES 9 3.2.2 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 40.4 – CONTINUOUS LOW GRASS OR TREE COVER 9 3.2.3 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 41.4 – DISCONTINUOUS LOW GRASS OR TREE COVER 10 3.3 POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY CLASSES 12 3.4 BUSHFIRE HAZARD SUB-UNITS 12 3.5 OVERALL LOCAL HAZARD MAP 12 3.6 QUANTITATIVE MODELLING 15 4 BUSHFIRE RISK ASSESSMENT 19 4.1 GENERAL 19 4.2 RISK FROM IDENTIFIED HAZARDOUS VEGETATION 20 5 BUSHFIRE IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES 21 5.1 GENERAL 21 5.2 ASSET PROTECTION ZONES 21 5.2.1 GENERAL 21 5.2.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY – STATE INTEREST GUIDANCE MATERIAL (NATURAL HAZARDS, RISKS AND RESILIENCE – BUSHFIRE) DECEMBER 2019 21 5.2.3 RADIANT HEAT FLUX SETBACKS 22 5.2.4 RECOMMENDED APZ’S 22 5.3 WATER SUPPLY 23 5.4 FIRE BREAKS 23 5.5 VEHICULAR ACCESS 23 5.6 LANDSCAPING AND REGROWTH 24 5.7 GENERAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE 25 6 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD 3959:2018 CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS (AS 3959:2018) SETBACKS 26 7 LEGISLATION AND OVERLAYS 27 7.1 NOOSA PLAN 2020 – NATURAL HAZARDS OVERLAY CODE 27 7.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY – NATURAL HAZARDS, RISK AND RESILIENCE 31 © 2023 ii
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona 8 CONCLUSIONS 33 8.1 CERTIFICATION MATTERS 33 9 REFERENCES 34 APPENDIX 1 – SITE LAYOUT 35 APPENDIX 2 – QLD FIRE HYDRANT AND ACCESS GUIDELINES 2019 36 © 2023 iii
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to assess and manage
the degree of potential bushfire hazard and associated risk acting on Lot 4 on SP320405, located at
7 Triller Court, Pomona (referenced hereafter as ‘the site’). The site is the subject of a
Reconfiguration of a Lot development application (1 into 4 lots) to be submitted to Noosa Council.
This assessment is to be used to assist Council with their decision-making process.
State Planning Policy Bushfire Intensity Overlay Map
The site is mapped under the State Planning Policy (SPP) as containing the following Potential
Bushfire Intensity areas (refer to Plate 1):
• High Potential Bushfire Intensity area;
• Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity area; and
• Potential Impact Buffer.
Plate 1 – SPP Bushfire Intensity Mapping Overlay
Under Chapter 2, Part 1, Section 8, Item 4(a) of the Planning Act 2016, where there is an
inconsistency between a State planning policy and local government planning instrument, a State
planning policy applies instead of a regional plan or local planning instrument. As such the SPP
Bushfire Prone Areas mapping prevails with respect to the currency of the methodology used to
assign risk classes hence is to be used as the trigger for assessment under Council’s Bushfire
Hazard Overlay Code in lieu of the NSC Bushfire Hazard Overlay.
1.2 Development Proposal
The applicant is seeking to subdivide the existing allotment into 4 new allotments. Proposed Lots 4
to 6 are to be located within the low density residential zone in the east. Proposed Lot 7 is to be
located within the rural zone in the west of the site. The site will be accessed from the terminus of
Triller Court via a shared access easement. The Plan of Development is included as Appendix 1.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
2 Site Description
2.1 General
The site comprises an irregular shaped allotment located to the south of the Pomona town centre
and has area of approximately 3.6ha. Existing low density residential allotments exist along Triller
Court to the east, with Tuchekoi National Park adjoining the site’s north-western boundary.
Vegetated rural properties adjoin the site’s southern boundary.
The site is dominated by mown grass with mature trees located within the north-western site extent.
The property contains an existing dwelling with associated infrastructure (sheds, carport etc.). The
site is zoned as Low Density Residential in the eastern extent and Rural in the western extent under
The Noosa Plan 2020. Plate 2 depicts the site’s position in the landscape and the extent of existing
development.
Plate 2 – Site Context (Source: Nearmap)
2.2 Topography
The slope of the land is a major determinant of fire behaviour, particularly the slope of the land under
vegetation that contributes to bushfire hazard. Fire burns faster as it travels up slope, via preheating
of unburnt fuels ahead of the fire, increasing the rate of spread and fireline intensity. Conversely,
fires move more slowly as they travel downslope. Fireline intensity (kW/m) is a function of the rate
of spread (QFES 2019).
The site is located on sloping undulating terrain with slopes of approximately 5 degrees. A broad
ridgeline runs through the site on a roughly north-east to south west alignment. Slopes descend from
the ridgeline in a northerly and southerly direction. The site reaches a topographic high of
approximately 124m AHD in the south-west corner and declines towards the north-east to a
topographic low of approximately 93m AHD.
Plate 3 depicts topography conditions within and adjacent to the site.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Plate 3 – Site Topography (Source: NC Interactive Maps)
2.3 Vegetation within the site
The majority of the site is cleared of vegetation precluding an area of mature trees over cleared
understorey in the site’s north-western extent.
2.4 Vegetation external of the site
The landscape surrounding the site is dominated by vegetated rural allotments and National Park
which are contained within the Environmental Management and Conservation Zone. The vegetation
in the wider landscape was observed to predominantly contain tall open Eucalypt forest.
Plate 4 depicts the general extent of bushland fuel sources surrounding the site. Vegetation hazard
characteristics are described in detail in Section 3.2.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Plate 4 – Dominant forest fire runs (Source: Queensland Globe)
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT
3.1 Hazard Assessment Methodology
The Noosa Planning Scheme requires that a site-specific bushfire hazard assessment be prepared
to assess the degree of bushfire hazard on a site captured within a mapped Designated Bushfire
Hazard Area. The SPP Bushfire Prone Area mapping prevails over the Noosa Bushfire Hazard Area
mapping with respect to the currency of the methodology adopted to prepare the mapping.
Accordingly, the site-specific hazard mapping required is to be prepared consistent with the
methodology adopted to prepare the SPP mapping.
The methodology used to prepare the SPP mapping is described in:
• Department of Infrastructure, Local Government and Planning’s Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience –– Bushfire (December 2019) State Planning Policy – state interest guidance
material; and
• Queensland Fire and Emergency Services - (2019) Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities.
Site-specific hazard maps are referred to as Local Hazard Area Maps in the SPP documents. The
preparation of Local Hazard Area Maps has been undertaken for the site in accordance with the
methodology described in the above referenced documents.
3.1.1 Local Hazard Area Map
A Local Hazard Area Map was prepared by adopting the following methodology:
• Categorizing the vegetation within the site in accordance with the vegetation hazard classes
derived from QFES (2019);
• Using the patch and corridor filtering process to remove narrow corridors and small patches
of VHC’s1;
• Subdividing the identified vegetation hazard classes into bushfire hazard sub-units based on
slope differences and vegetation hazard classes. All upslope and across slope vegetation
units are allocated an underlying slope of 1 degree as per methodology prescribed within
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services - (2019) Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities. The maximal slope recorded within 25m x 25m grids within the VHC’s is
adopted as the effective slope underlying the VHC. A conservative approach is adopted
where multiple slopes persist within VHC’s;
• Assigning SPP Potential Bushfire Intensity classes to the sub-units;
• Application of 100m Potential Impact Buffers to the amended sub-units to derive an overall
Local Hazard Area Map.
1 The patch and corridor filtering process to remove or downgrade hazard levels of small patches and narrow corridors involves the
following three stages:
• Merging small patches of a single Vegetation Hazard Class less than 0.5 ha;
• Merging small Vegetation Hazard Class patches between 0.5 and 1 ha with higher or moderate fuel loads (greater than 8
tonnes/ha); and
• Removing narrow corridors of vegetation less than 50m wide through a process of patch erosion and dilation. These small
patches are merged with surrounding vegetation by allocating a patch to the Vegetation Hazard Class that is most common to
the patch boundary (Leonard et al., 2017).
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
3.2 Vegetation Hazard Classes
The following vegetation hazard classes (classified in accordance with QFES (2019)) were identified
within the assessment area which includes a 150m buffer surrounding the site:
• Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 – Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowland and
ranges;
• Vegetation Hazard Class 40.4 – Continuous low grass or tree cover; and
• Vegetation Hazard Class 41.4 – Discontinuous low grass or tree cover.
The characteristics of each observed vegetation hazard class are described in the following sections
whilst Plan No. BF01 – Vegetation Hazard Classes depicts their distribution across the assessment
area.
3.2.1 Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 – Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands
and ranges
Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 (VHC 9.1) is located immediately adjoining the site to the north, south
and west. The average canopy height is >30m with crown cover of 60-70%. The vegetation
community is dominated by Eucalyptus pilularis (blackbutt) with Eucalyptus grandis (flooded gum),
Eucalyptus microcorys (tallow wood), Eucalyptus propinqua (small-fruited grey gum), Eucalyptus
siderophloia (grey ironbark), Lophostemon Confertus (brush box), and Syncarpia glomulifera
(Turpentine). Mid-storey species include juvenile canopy species, and Acacia species, with
Allocasuarina littoralis and vine forest species present located flanking drainage lines. The
understorey is open and dominated by grass species such as Imperata cylindrica (bladey grass),
Entolasia stricta (wiry panic) and fern species such as Calochlaena dubia (soft bracken).
VHC 9.1 is attributed a potential surface fuel load of 21 t/ha and a potential total fuel load of 24.2/ha
(QFES, 2019). Plate 5 depicts typical conditions within VHC 9.1.
Plate 5 – Characteristic vegetation within VHC 9.1
3.2.2 Vegetation Hazard Class 40.4 – Continuous low grass or tree cover
Vegetation Hazard Class 40.4 (VHC 40.4) is restricted to the vegetated area located within the north-
west of the site and the semi-vegetated allotments to the north. VHC 40.4 is characterised by mature
trees over a mowed grassy understorey. VHC 40.4 is attributed a potential combined surface fuel
load of 4.5t/ha and total fuel load of 5t/ha (QFES, 2019). Plate 6 depicts typical conditions with
VHC 40.4.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Plate 6 – Characteristic vegetation within VHC 40.4
3.2.3 Vegetation Hazard Class 41.4 – Discontinuous low grass or tree cover
Vegetation Hazard Class 41.4 (VHC 41.4) is characterised by the large expanse of mowed grass
within the west of the site and other areas maintained as mowed grass with low density woody
vegetation. VHC 41.4 is attributed a potential combined surface fuel load of 2.5t/ha and total fuel
load of 3t/ha (QFES, 2019). Plate 7 depicts typical conditions with VHC 41.4.
Plate 7 – Characteristic vegetation within VHC 41.4
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rt 150m ASSESSMENT BUFFER \ VHC 9.1 Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges VHC 40.4 Vegetation Hazard Class 40.4 Continuous low grass or tree cover * VHC 41,4 “i Vegetation Hazard Class 41.4 : Discontinuous low grass or tree cover o 15 30 North Coast Tess im : - - Environmental PO Sex 0868 Pace Peres. cus s86¢ | BUSHFIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT MARK OLIVE VEGETATION HAZARD CLASSES J000841 BFO1 P: 07 $450 5964 a. vowsons'e885 17 TRILLER COURT POMONA inicieitaaaiaiianiraias || oe 1:3000 @ A3 ks
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona 3.3 Potential Bushfire Intensity classes Table 1 details the Potential Bushfire Intensity classes and their corresponding potential fire-line intensity (KW/m) values as prescribed within Leonard et. al. 2017. Table 1: Potential Bushfire Intensity classes 3.4 Bushfire Hazard Sub-Units A sub-unit level Local Hazard Area Map has been prepared; Plan No. BF02 – Sub-Units and identifies the site scale Potential Bushfire Intensity classes across the site. The sub-unit level Local Hazard Area Map identifies that the offsite VHC 9.1 vegetation contains a Medium and High Potential Bushfire Intensity area. 3.5 Overall Local Hazard Map An overall Local Hazard Map has been prepared; Plan No. BF03 – Local Hazard Map and identifies the Potential Bushfire Intensity classes across the site as well as associated 100m wide Potential Impact Buffer areas. Areas mapped as containing a Medium and High Potential Bushfire Intensity area associated with the VHC 9.1 exist outside of the site to the north, west, and south. A subsequent Potential Impact Buffer Area has been identified extending across the site. The Local Hazard Map presented in Plan No. BF03 is to supersede the SPP broadscale mapping attributed to the site and should be used to guide the formulation of appropriate site-based bushfire management measures for the proposal. © 2023 12
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Sub Unit 1 - siope assessed as 1 degree due to Sub Unit being located uplsope or across slope relevant to the development area.
(Fireline intensity calculated using Flamesol modelling adopting forest as the relevant vegetation type)
Combined ;
Maximum | Potential P ial
Vegetation Hazard Class cerateerd Total Fuel cranes Landscape] Fireline
Near Severity Bushfire
surface Fuel|‘028'/P9)) (een) | Slope | Intensity! ensitys
Load (t/ha) "| (degrees) | (kw/m)
VHC 9.1 - Moist to dry
eucalypt open forests on
“| ana 21 24.2 47 1 15,866 | Medium
ranges:
Sub Unit 2
(Firetine intensity calculated using Flamesol modelling adopting forest as the relevant vegetation type)
Combined ;
Maximum | Potential
Vegetation Hazard Class | SY¥9%° 9" | rotat ruet | "© WES" Landscape Fireline | Poventia!
Near Severity = Bushfire
# Load (t/ha) Slope | Intensity :
Surface Fuel (FFDI) « Intensity*|
ined (t/ha) (degrees) | (kw/m)
VHC 9.1 - Moist to dry
eucalypt open forests on 45 5 a7 7 _ 24,004
[coastal lowland and
Sub Unit 3
(Fireline intensity calculated using Flamesol modelling adopting forest as the relevant vegetation type)
Combined
Maximum | Potential
Vegetation Hazard Class | M9094 | rotat euell| TS es? tancscape| Firaline:| Cree
Near Severity Bushfire.
# Load (t/ha) Slope | Intensity
Surface Fuel /(FFOI) z Intensity*
toad (t/ha) (degrees) | (kw/m)
VHC 9.1 - Moist to dry
eucalypt open forests on B , i , :
pera a 24.2 47 9 27,556
fe
Sub Unit 4
(Fireline intensity calculated using Flamesol modelling adopting woodland as the relevant vegetation type)
‘Combined ;
Maximum | Potential
. Negatetion Hazard class | shteee are lpeatruet | (heen ltandscapel lensing | eon
Near ys i Severity | Bushfire
# % Load (t/ha)} Slope | Intensity)
2 Surface Fuel (FFD!) ' Intensity*
& 3 Load (t/ha) (degrees) | (kw/m)
3 m } VHC 40.4- Continuous
z 3 3 homies ot as cee 45 5 47 9 1220 | tow
me Soo.
OP ~ £99 ais Rue Sub Unit 5
Pe oe io “S&B (Firetine intensity calculated using Flamesol modelling adopting woodland as the relevant vegetation type)
) %, 8
\ ; og Ih jf = Combined Maxi
3 G08 ! oT AS IN = Surface and Fire Weather| im | Potential! potential
Vegetation Hazard Class Total Fuel Landscape} Fireline
015 30 4 60 75 150 # Bees Load (t/ha) Severity, Slope | Intensity! Eashira
LEGEND re ne (FF) | (degrees) | (hw/m) |'™*"5¥"
Load (t/ha) :
Ty" SITE VHC 41.4- Discontinuous 25 3 47 9 406 Low.
low grass or tree cover
150m ASSESSMENT BUFFER # From: Leonard, J., & Opie, K,, (2017) Estimating the potential bushfire hazard of vegetation patches and
corridors ~ an enhancement of Queensiand’s methodology for State-wide mapping of bushfire prone areas.
CSIRO, Australia.
LOW POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY
* From: Leonard, 1., Newnham, G., Opie, K, and Bianchi, R. (2014) Anew methodology for state-wide mapping of
bushfire prone areas in Queensiand, CSIRO, Australia
MEDIUM POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY
{ ] HIGH POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY
North Coast
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Page 15
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
3.6 Quantitative Modelling
Quantitative modelling of the potential bushfire conditions that may be experienced within the
VHC 9.1 flanking the post development footprint to the north, west, and south has been
undertaken to assist in determining the suitability of the development and any asset setback
requirements.
The models used comprise industry standard bushfire equations which have been built into
the FPAA endorsed FLAMESOL computer model. FLAMESOL allows numerous input
variables to be adjusted including fuel loads, fire danger index, site slope and distance to
vegetation. FLAMESOL uses the following algorithms:
• Rate of Spread – McArthur (1973) and Nobel et al. (1980)
• Flame Length – NSW Rural Fire Service (2001) and Nobel et al. (1980)
• Elevation of Receiver – Douglas and Tan (2005)
• Flame Angle – Douglas and Tan (2005)
• Radian Heat Flux – Drysdale (1999), Sullivan et al. (2003) and Douglas and Tan (2005)
The FLAMESOL Minimum Distance calculator has been used and comprises an AS
3959:2018 Method 2 (Appendix B) based calculator which can determine a suite of bushfire
behaviour variables including the minimum distances required to achieve a range of different
radiant heat level exposures.
Fuel load inputs have been drawn from Planning for Bushfire Resilient Communities (QFES
2019) based on the calculated potential fuel loads for VHC 9.1 (21/ha surface and near surface
fuels and 24.2t/ha total fuels). 7º effective slope was adopted for the slope underlying the VHC
9.1 to the north, 9º effective slope was adopted for the slope underlying the VHC 9.1 to the
south, and 1º effective slope was adopted for the slope underlying the VHC to the west given
the hazardous vegetation is located upslope or across slope of the development area. A Flame
width of 100m has been adopted commensurate with the edge width of all VHC 9.1 units.
A Forest Fire Danger Index of 47 has been adopted for the site consistent with the assignment
by QFES (Catalyst 2020) (refer Plate 8).
Plate 8 - FFDI (Source: QFES redi Map)
The Flamesol output result is shown in Plates 9-11.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Plate 9 – VHC 9.1 North – Flame width 100m (7º slope)
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Plate 10 – VHC 9.1 South – Flame width 100m (9º slope)
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Plate 11 – VHC 9.1 West – Flame width 100m (1º slope)
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
4 BUSHFIRE RISK ASSESSMENT
4.1 General
A bushfire risk assessment for the proposed building areas has been prepared generally in
accordance with State Planning Policy – State Interest Guideline – Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience (DILGP, 2016) and AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018 – Risk Management Methodology.
The bushfire risk assessment details the likelihood that the proposed development adjoining
the hazardous vegetation will be exposed to bushfire ember, radiant heat and/or flame attack
from the adjacent confirmed Bushfire Potential Intensity areas depicted on Plan No. BF-03.
Plate 12 illustrates the main bushfire attack mechanisms acting on buildings.
Plate 12 – Figure A 5.1 Bushfire attack mechanisms (Planning for Bush Fire Protection, 2006)
According to AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018, a ‘hazard’ is defined as a source of potential harm or
a situation with a potential to cause loss, whereas a ‘risk’ is the chance of something
happening that will have an impact on objectives measured in terms of consequences and
likelihood. The State Planning Policy – State Interest Guideline – Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience (DILGP, April 2016) refers to ‘acceptable risk’, ‘tolerable risk’, and ‘intolerable risk’
which are defined below.
• Acceptable risk
o A risk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
sufficiently low to require no new treatments or actions to reduce risk further.
Individuals and society can live with this risk without feeling the necessity to
reduce the risks any further.
• Tolerable risk
o A risk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
low enough to allow the exposure to continue, and at the same time high
enough to require new treatments or actions to reduce risk. Society can live
with this risk but believe that as much as is reasonably practical should be done
to reduce the risks further.
• Intolerable risk
o A risk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
so high that it requires actions to avoid or reduce the risk. Individuals and
society will not accept this risk and measures are to be put in place to reduce
risks to at least a tolerable level.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841
Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona
Assessment Benchmark 4 of the SPP Bushfire 2019 references radiant heat flux exposure of
<29kW/m² on any part of the building as generating an Acceptable to Tolerable level of risk.
AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018 defines ‘Likelihood’ as the chance that something might happen.
Likelihood can be defined, determined, or measured objectively or subjectively and can be
expressed either qualitatively or quantitatively (using mathematics ). The following ‘likelihood’
categories for the probability of the assessed bushfire attack mechanisms impacting the
assessment area have been adopted within this assessment:
• Likely - Will probably occur
• Unlikely - Could occur but doubtful
The determination of whether a bushfire event is likely or unlikely to occur (i.e. impact the site)
has been based on the relative position of hazardous vegetation to the site. Hazardous
vegetation located upwind of the site under typical south-east Queensland (SEQ) seasonal
fire winds from the north to north-west to west to south-west are deemed to be exposed to a
‘likely’ probability of impact. Hazardous vegetation located downwind of the site under typical
SEQ seasonal fire winds are deemed to be exposed to an ‘unlikely’ probability of impact.
4.2 Risk from Identified Hazardous Vegetation
The building envelopes within proposed Lots 4-6 are flanked by the identified hazardous
vegetation to the north and south of the site. The Lot 7 BLE is flanked by hazardous vegetation
to the north, south, and west. The likelihood of a fire approaching from the south-west to north-
west is considered likely, given dominant regional fire weather winds.
The degree of separation offered to the adjoining vegetation is the primary driver of the
assigned level of risk and was determined with consideration to the Flamesol modelling output
presented in Section 3.3. In the absence of an appropriate separation buffer to the adjacent
vegetation, and implementation of relevant AS3959-2018 construction standards, the future
dwellings on the site could be exposed to direct flame, severe radiant heat and ember attack
resulting in total structure loss.
The Plan of Development provides a dedicated Asset Protection Zone between the proposed
building envelopes on Lots 4-6 and their respective northern, southern, and western lot
boundaries which coincide with the edge of hazardous vegetation. The building envelopes
within Lots 4-6 are separated from the VHC 9.1 open eucalypt forest by a minimum of 24m to
the north and 26m to the south. >23.9m separation to the north and >25.7m separation to the
south are the minimum separations required to ensure the proposed building envelopes on
Lots 4-6 are exposed to <29kW/m² radiant heat flux, based on the Flamesol modelling
presented herein.
The building envelope within Lot 7 is separated from VHC 9.1 by a minimum of 24m to the
north, 26m to the south, and 18m to the west. >23.9m separation to the north, >25.7m
separation to the south, and >17.9m to the west are the minimum separations required to
ensure the proposed building envelope within Lot 7 is exposed to <29kW/m² radiant heat flux,
based on the Flamesol modelling presented herein.
The extent of proposed separation with Lots 4-7 therefore facilitates an acceptable risk of
radiant heat impact.
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5 BUSHFIRE IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES
5.1 General
The following section describes bushfire impact reduction measures to be incorporated into
the proposed development to reduce the risk of bushfire impacts to people and property.
Implementation of the identified measures is not implied nor intended to advocate that building
occupants remain on the site during a bushfire event, nor that people and property will be
protected from bushfire impacts. The measures are intended to reduce the potential severity
of bushfire impact to the development and not prevent bushfire impact. The bushfire mitigation
measures have been derived from:
• Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning’s State
Planning Policy – State interest guidance material – Natural hazards, risk and
resilience – Bushfire (December 2019) (referenced herein as SPP (Bushfire) 2019);
and
• Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2019). Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities.
5.2 Asset Protection Zones
5.2.1 General
Asset Protection Zones (APZ) provide a defensive tool to assist in the reduction of potential
bushfire impact to people and property situated in bushfire prone areas. For illustrative
purposes, Plate 13 depicts the concept of an APZ surrounding a dwelling in a bushfire prone
areas.
Plate 13 – Asset Protection Zones
The development has been confirmed to be located within a bushfire hazard area hence
provision of adequate separation between the building envelopes nominated immediately
flanking the hazardous vegetation is required to provide a reasonable level of safety to site
occupants and emergency services staff.
The specific requirements for the dimensions of APZ’s are set in theState Planning Policy –
State Interest Guidance Material (Natural Hazards, Risks and Resilience – Bushfire)
December 2019.
5.2.2 State Planning Policy – State Interest Guidance Material (Natural Hazards, Risks
and Resilience – Bushfire) December 2019
Assessment Benchmark 4 of the State Planning Policy – state interest guidance material
states:
Development supports, and does not hinder, disaster management response or recovery
capacity or capabilities.
Where reconfiguring a lot creating lots of greater than 2000 square metres (only applicable to
Lot 7):
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To ensure emergency access and operational space for firefighters the subdivision layout
results in lots that are sited so that they are separated from the closest edge to the adjacent
medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity area by a distance that achieves a
radiant heat flux level of 29 kilowatt per square metre or less.
To facilitate safe evacuation during a bushfire event, include a development footprint plan that
is located within 60 metres of the street frontage and sited to enable a route between the
development footprint plan and the street frontage with a gradient that does not exceed of
12.5 per cent.
Where reconfiguring a lot creating lots of 2000 square metres or less (i.e., Lots 4-8):
To ensure emergency access and operational space for firefighters the subdivision layout
results in lots that are sited so that they are separated from the closest edge to the adjacent
medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity area by a distance that achieves a
radiant heat flux level of 29 kilowatt per square metre or less.
1. The building envelope, if identified at RaL stage, or
2. Where a building envelope is not identified, at all the lot boundaries.
Compliance with Assessment Benchmark 4 can be attained where building envelopes are
sufficiently separated from the nearby hazardous vegetation so that a radiant heat flux level
at any point on the building or envelope does not exceed 29 kW/m².
5.2.3 Radiant Heat Flux Setbacks
Determination of the setbacks required to satisfy Assessment Benchmark 4 can be identified
from the quantitative modelling output presented in Section 3.6 herein. The output results from
Plates 9-11 can be used to identify the setback requirements to achieve the <29 kW/m² radiant
heat flux SPP requirement. The required setbacks are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 – Radiant Heat Flux Minimum Setbacks to secure <29kW/m²
VHC Direction <29 kW/m² Setback*
and slope
9.1 north - 7° 23.9m
9.1 south - 9° 25.7m
9.1 west - 1° 17.9m
* Source – Flamesol Minimum Distance calculator
Building envelopes have been nominated within each of the new allotments which are
provided with sufficient setback to the adjoining hazardous vegetation to comply with
Assessment Benchmark 4.
It is noted that Lot 7’s BLE is currently flanked by the low threat sub unit 4 (cleared
understorey) to the north however, given this area is also mapped as a Koala Habitat Area
(core) under the State mapping, the BLE has been positioned a minimum of 24m from the
edge of the unit, to account for potential understorey regrowth that may arise therein. As such
the APZ for Lot 7 does not rely on any vegetation clearing, including mowing of existing cleared
understorey conditions, within the mapped KHA.
Setbacks available within the allotments are to be prescribed as dedicated APZs and are to
be maintained in accordance with the landscape criteria specified in Section 5.6 for the life of
the development or until such time as an alternative setback can be justified (i.e. where
assessment methodologies change).
5.2.4 Recommended APZ’s
Lots 4-6
A minimum 24m wide APZ is recommended to be applied between the building envelopes
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona within Lots 4-6 and the northerly adjacent hazardous vegetation, and a minimum 26m wide APZ is recommended to be applied between the building envelopes within Lots 4-6 and the southerly adjacent hazardous vegetation to satisfy the SPP Bushfire 2019 Assessment Benchmark 4 <29 kW/m² criteria. Lot 7 A minimum 24m wide APZ is recommended to be applied between the Lot 7 building envelope and the northerly adjacent mapped KHA (sub unit 4) and a minimum 26m wide APZ is recommended to be applied between the Lot 7 building envelope and the southerly adjacent hazardous vegetation to satisfy the SPP Bushfire 2019 Assessment Benchmark 4 <29 kW/m² criteria. A minimum 18m wide APZ is recommended to be applied between the Lot 7 building envelope and the westerly adjacent hazardous vegetation to satisfy the SPP Bushfire 2019 Assessment Benchmark 4 <29 kW/m² criteria. All recommended APZ’s are to be maintained in accordance with the landscape criteria specified in Section 5.6 for the life of the development or until such time as an alternative setback can be justified (i.e. where assessment methodologies change). 5.3 Water Supply The availability of a reliable water supply for firefighting purposes is a vital tool in the defence of bushfire impact. Reticulated water supply is currently available to the site and will be provided to the proposed lots. To ensure suitable water supply design for emergency purposes it is recommended the water supply satisfy the QLD QFES Fire Hydrant and Vehicle Access Guidelines for Residential Commercial and Industrial Lots 03/2019 ( refer Appendix 2). No further specific recommendations concerning water supply are deemed necessary to comply with the SPP or the NSC Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code. 5.4 Fire Breaks The provision of fire breaks and fire trails within a site located in a bushfire prone area offers an important bushfire defence measure to assist in reducing the risk and severity of bushfire ingress onto and through a site. A significant risk of fire impact has been identified from the west and north of the site. The head of the existing sealed bitumen road leading from Reserve Street offers a 24m wide trafficable firebreak to the north-east of Lot 4 and the hazardous vegetation to the north to north-east hence offers a desirable fire break in this location. The proposed access easement serving Lots 4-7 offers a minimum 10m wide fire break equivalent between the northern boundaries of Lots 4-6 and the hazardous vegetation to the north. Additional open space low threat conditions are expected to be present in the front of Lots 4-6 post development hence the equivalent of 24m wide fire break will be available between Lots 4-6 and the hazardous vegetation to the north. The existing clearing on Lot 7 provides a trafficable firebreak to protect Lots 4-6 from fire ingress from the west. No specific firebreak is considered necessary within proposed Lot 7 as the expansive APZ about the large building envelope provides easily trafficable access between the building envelope and the adjacent vegetation to the north, south and west. The northern and western perimeters of the development footprint are therefore expected to be readily trafficable during a bushfire emergency hence the design is supported in this regard. 5.5 Vehicular Access Development in bushfire prone areas should be serviced by safe access/exit points for both occupants and emergency services personnel. The lots are to be accessed via a shared 90m long access easement which connects to the terminus of Triller Court. Triller Court is approximately 260m long and connects to Reserve Street to the east. Vehicular access is © 2023 23
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therefore to be available t the frontage of Lots 4-6 and the extents of the APZ on Lot 7 are
considered trafficable by a QFES yellow truck given the gentle grades present therein.
The proposed shared access easement is bordered to the south by a low threat area
consisting of existing cleared residential development, therefore the risk of access/egress
becoming constrained during a bushfire event is low. The driveway also directs
traffic/occupants in an easterly direction away from the most likely risk of a fire front approach
being from the north to north-west. Given the shared driveway length of up to 90m it is
recommended a passing bay be installed approximately halfway along to enable vehicles to
navigate past each other during an emergency as well as on a day to day basis.
To ensure suitable access design for emergency purposes it is recommended the road design
satisfy the QLD QFES Fire Hydrant and Vehicle Access Guidelines for Residential
Commercial and Industrial Lots 03/2019 ( refer Appendix 2). Particular attention is to be paid
to cleared widths both laterally and vertically and suitable turnaround areas for QFES MRV’s.
The proposed new road and shared easement is immediately flanked by open forest
vegetation which represents risk of limb fallout blocking or constraining access to and or
egress from the proposed new Lots during a bushfire event. It is therefore recommended the
trees overhanging the northern boundary of the new road and shared access easement be
assessed by a qualified minimum Level 5 arborist and any identified necessary remedial works
be undertaken to remove large dead wood and hazardous limbs prior to plan sealing.
Vehicular access to the southern APZ’s on Lots 4-6 is not proposed. Slopes present therein
are moderate and construction of a trafficable firebreak trail would require extensive landform
modification, which may impact the root zones of the adjacent ecologically important open
forest. The layout deliberately incorporates a minimum 2m side boundary setback on at least
one side boundary of each lot which offers direct emergency services pedestrian access to
the rear of the lots. Whilst the proximity of the building envelopes to the forest hazard to the
south satisfies the applicable SPP APZ separation requirements (i.e., <29kW/m² RHF), it is
evident that QFES operational officers would be unlikely to attempt to defend a forest fire from
such close proximity to the fire front, noting that radiant heat in excess of 3-4kW/m² is
considered the upper safe working exposure threshold for a fire fighter in full firefighting PPE
kit. To ensure unimpeded access is available along the respective side boundaries a
pedestrian gate is to be incorporated into any fenceline which extends from the side boundary
to the dwelling. Any such gate is to remain readily openable by emergency services officers
without the need for a key or combination pin.
5.6 Landscaping and Regrowth
Existing and future landscaping within the site should avoid increasing the potential for
bushfire hazard. Assessment Benchmark 5 of the SPP Bushfire 2019 seeks that the site layout
places the landscape and open spaces within the site between premises and adjacent mapped
medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity areas. This landscaping and open space
comprises protective landscape treatments that:
1. Comprise only low threat vegetation (for example grassland managed in a minimal fuel
condition, maintained lawns, golf courses and cultivated gardens); or
2. Are designed to ensure a potential available fuel load is maintained at less than 8
tonnes/hectare in aggregate and with a fuel structure that remains discontinuous.
To reduce the potential for bushfire impact to buildings, structures and occupants as a result
of future regrowth and landscaping works within the site, it is recommended:
• Any landscaping within the nominated APZ’s satisfies Assessment Benchmark 5 of the
SPP Bushfire 2019, including the low threat vegetation criteria prescribed in section
2.2.3.2 of AS 3959:2018 or later iterations thereof;
• No woody mulch is used within 2m of buildings;
• No trees or large shrubs are retained within 6m of the buildings;
• Beyond 6m, any trees desired to be retained are to be continuously defoliated below
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< 4m height above ground level and no limbs are to extend to within 3m of the roof line
of the buildings. All pruning should be undertaken in accordance with AS 4373 Pruning
of amenity trees;
• Future landscaping works/plantings maximise the use of locally indigenous, low
flammability species and or low-density plantings of suitable open forest /woodland
species with low bark shedding characteristics. Landholders should consult their local
native plant nursery for suitable species selection.
The APZ’s are to be maintained by the respective individual landholder/s and or occupants
and are to consist of low threat understorey vegetation conditions (e.g. mown grass) in
perpetuity.
5.7 General Property Maintenance
The undertaking of an appropriate level of property maintenance throughout the year, and in
particular prior to the fire season, can significantly reduce the severity of fire impact upon a
site. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services recommend the following general actions be
undertaken to prepare for the fire season:
Structure
• Clear leaves, twigs, bark and other debris from the roof and gutters.
• Purchase and test the effectiveness of gutter plugs.
• Enclose open areas under decks and floors.
• Install fine steel wire mesh screens on all windows, doors, vents and weep holes.
• Point LPG cylinder relief valves away from the house.
• Conduct maintenance checks on pumps, generators and water systems.
• Seal all gaps in external roof and wall cladding.
Access
• Display a prominent house or lot number, in case it is required in an emergency.
• Ensure there is adequate access to your property for fire trucks - 4 metres wide by 4
metres high, with a turn-around area.
Vegetation
• Reduce vegetation loads along the access path.
• Mow your grass regularly.
• Remove excess ground fuels and combustible material (long dry grass, dead leaves
and branches).
• Trim low-lying branches two metres from the ground surrounding your home.
Note the above recommendations are that of QFES and are offered herein for advisory
purposes. They have not been set as recommendations for certification purposes.
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6 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD 3959:2018 CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN
BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS (AS 3959:2018) SETBACKS
In accordance with the definition in the National Construction Code, a designated bushfire
prone area in Queensland is land which has been designated under a power of legislation as
being subject, or likely to be subject, to bushfires. Construction of a Class 1 dwelling within a
designated bushfire prone area triggers building design assessment under AS 3959:2018.
The Standard provides minimum construction requirements for new habitable dwellings and
habitable building alterations in designated Bushfire Prone Areas. The construction
requirements are intended to improve the performance of buildings subjected to burning
debris, radiant heat or flame contact. Building works in Designated Bushfire Prone Areas must
be built to the Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) construction standard relevant to the building site
as identified by the AS 3959:2018 methodology.
It is important to note that the patch and corridor filtering process adopted within the SPP
assessment methodology is not utilised within the AS 3959 hazard assessment methodology.
This may result in a BAL construction rating higher than that identified within the Quantitative
Modelling section detailed above.
A specific BAL assessment will be required once building plans have been progressed given
the BAL relies on an accurate understanding of the final footprint of the building within the BLE
and is required to be assessed against the active iteration of the Standard at the time of
assessment.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona 7 LEGISLATION AND OVERLAYS 7.1 Noosa Plan 2020 – Natural Hazards Overlay Code The proposed development is considered assessable development and therefore is assessable against Table 8.2.3.3 Bushfire Hazard Area of Council’s Bushfire Overlay Code which has been reproduced as Table 3. © 2023 27
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Table 3 – Table 8.2.3.3 Bushfire Hazard Areas – Part 8 Overlay Code Noosa Plan 2020
PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES ACCEPTABLE OUTCOMES PROPOSED SOLUTION
Safety of people and property
PO1 AO1.1 This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to
Development maintains the safety of people and Development which will materially increase the number of people maintain the safety of people and property from the adverse impacts of bushfire.
property from the adverse impacts of bushfire. living or congregating on premises, including reconfiguring a lot, is not
AO1.1 –The proposed development is located outside of a mapped medium or
located within a medium or high bushfire hazard area.
high bushfire hazard area as depicted on the Local Hazard Area Map BF03.
AO1.2 AO1.2 – The development has provided minimum setbacks between the
Development maximises setbacks from hazardous vegetation to proposed building envelopes and the offsite hazardous vegetation to achieve the
achieve an acceptable risk. SPP Assessment Benchmark 4 criteria of <29kW/m2 radiant heat flux exposure.
This setback achieves an acceptable risk where all the mitigation measures
Editor’s Note —PSP8 Natural Hazards provides guidance for detailed within this report are employed.
assessing bushfire hazard risk and preparing a bushfire hazard
management plan.
Impact on Ecologically Important Areas
PO2 No acceptable outcome provided No clearing of vegetation for bushfire mitigation measures is required. The
Bushfire mitigation measures do not adversely impact bushfire mitigation measures prescribed herein will not adversely impact on
on: biodiversity values, connectivity, ecosystem functioning, and the long-term
physical integrity of waterways, wetlands and areas of native vegetation.
a) biodiversity values, connectivity and ecosystem
functioning; and
b) the long term physical integrity of waterways, wetland
and areas of native vegetation.
Water Supply for Fire Fighting Purposes
PO3 AO3.1 AO3.1 – The site will be connected to a reticulated water supply.
Development provides an adequate water supply for Premises are connected to the reticulated water supply.
firefighting purpose which is reliable, safely located and
freely accessible. Editor's note—For reconfiguring a lot, water supply needs to provide
for a minimum flow and pressure of 10 litres a second at 200kPa at all
times for firefighting purposes.
OR
AO3.2
Where there is no available reticulated water supply, the premises
has:
a) an accessible dam, swimming pool or water tank available for
firefighting purposes with an onsite water volume of not less than
5,000 litres; and
b) a water supply outlet pipe 50 millimetres in diameter fitted with a
standard fire brigade fitting connected to the water supply (other than
where the water supply is in a swimming pool or dam).
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PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES ACCEPTABLE OUTCOMES PROPOSED SOLUTION
Editor’s Note—Water supply capacity for firefighting purposes is in
addition to water supply capacity for other uses and activities on the
premises.
Essential Community Infrastructure
PO4 AO4.1 N/A - The proposed development does not involve essential community
Essential community infrastructure is able to function Development involving essential community infrastructure is not infrastructure.
effectively during and immediately after bushfire events. located within a medium or high bushfire hazard area.
OR
AO4.2
Where located in a medium or high bushfire hazard area,
development involving essential community infrastructure is designed
to function effectively during and after a bushfire event in accordance
with a Bushfire Hazard Management Plan.
Editor’s Note— PSP8 Natural Hazards provides guidance for
assessing bushfire hazard risk and preparing a bushfire hazard
management plan.
Hazardous Material
PO5 AO5 AO5 - The proposed development does not involve the manufacture or storage
Public safety and the environment are not adversely Hazardous materials are not manufactured or stored in bulk in a of hazardous materials in bulk.
affected by the impacts of bushfire on hazardous bushfire hazard area.
materials manufacturing or storing in bulk.
Access and Evacuation Routes
PO6 AO6.1 PO6 - The road design, in conjunction with the recommendations set herein
Roads provide for easy and safe evacuation of residents The road layout provides for through-roads and avoids cul-de-sacs (refer sections 5.3-5.5) is considered to provide for easy and safe evacuation of
of premises and access by emergency services. and dead-end roads. residents of premises and access by emergency services.
OR
AO6.2
The development has a perimeter road reserve with a minimum width
of 20 metres and maximum gradient of 12.5%.
OR
AO6.3
Cul-de-sacs or no-through roads are provided with fire trails or access
easements, which are capable of being navigated by conventional
vehicles and which link to through roads.
AO6.4
Safe access and egress is available at all times to all of the
development for emergency vehicles and personnel.
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PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES ACCEPTABLE OUTCOMES PROPOSED SOLUTION
AO6.5
Where an emergency access point is required, it complies with the
relevant works codes and PSP6 Engineering Design Standards.
Lot design
PO7 AO7 AO7-
Lot design and building siting minimises bushfire hazard Each residential lot:
a) BLE’s are identified on the plan.
risk to people and property. a) includes a building envelope, identified on a plan of subdivision;
b) Each lot has provided an APZ between the edge of hazardous vegetation and
b) is of sufficient size and shape to allow for efficient emergency
the BLE, allowing for easy access during an emergency.
access to buildings for firefighting appliances (e.g. by avoiding battle-
axe/hatchet lots and long narrow lots with long access driveways to c) Lot 7 achieves setbacks from hazardous vegetation in line with Bushfire Attack
buildings); Level 29 requirements as per AS3959
c) where more than 2500m², achieves setbacks from hazardous d) Each lot has located a dedicated APZ between the BLE and the hazardous
vegetation in line with Bushfire Attack Level 29 requirements as per vegetation providing sufficient separation to confirmed hazardous vegetation to
AS3959; and secure a BAL 29 construction standard under AS3959.
d) is designed so that buildings and structures are sited in locations of
lowest hazard within the lot and elements of the development least
susceptible to fire are closest to the fire hazard.
Firebreaks and fire access tracks
PO8 AO8.1 PO8
Firebreaks and fire access tracks provide: Where development involves the creation of a new road and lots, a
The road, lot and APZ design, in conjunction with the recommendations set
firebreak is provided by providing a cleared road reserve not less than
herein (refer sections 5.3-5.5) is considered to provide adequate access for
20 metres wide and maximum gradient of 12.5% around the perimeter
a) adequate access for firefighting and other firefighting and other emergency vehicles, and adequate access for the
of the subdivision, between the created lots and surrounding
emergency vehicles; and evacuation of residents and emergency personnel in an emergency situation.
vegetated lands.
b) adequate access for the evacuation of residents and OR
emergency personnel in an emergency situation. AO8.2 AO8.3 – All bushfire management measures prescribed herein would be
Fire access tracks are provided between the created lots and carried out on the subject property and not rely upon any adjoining property.
surrounding vegetated land that:
a) have a cleared minimum width of 6 metres;
b) have a maximum gradient of 12.5%;
c) provide unbroken access for fire fighting vehicles;
d) provide passing bays and turning areas;
e) are located within an access easement that is granted in favour of
Noosa Council and the Queensland Fire and Rescue Service.
AO8.3
Bushfire management measures are carried out on the subject
property and not any adjoining property.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona 7.2 State Planning Policy – Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience The Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning’s State Planning Policy – State interest guidance material – Natural hazards, risk and resilience – Bushfire (December 2019) contains the development assessment benchmarks for natural hazards, risk and resilience - bushfire. The SPP assessment benchmarks prevail over those prescribed in the Noosa Plan Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code where they involve the same design elements. An assessment of the proposed development’s compliance with each of the assessment benchmarks has been provided below. Assessment Benchmark 4 Where reconfiguring a lot creating lots of greater than 2000 square metres (Lot 7): To ensure emergency access and operational space for firefighters, include a development footprint plan that is separated from the closest edge of the adjacent mapped medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity area by a distance that achieves a radiant heat flux level of 29 kilowatt per square metre or less. To facilitate safe evacuation during a bushfire event, include a development footprint plan that is located within 60 metres of the street frontage and sited to enable a route between the development footprint plan and the street frontage with a gradient that does not exceed of 12.5 per cent. A building envelope has been nominated on Lot 7 which is provided with sufficient APZ separation to the adjoining hazardous vegetation to comply with Assessment Benchmark 4. The APZ’s are to be maintained in accordance with the landscape criteria specified in Section 5.6 for the life of the development or until such time as an alternative setback can be justified (i.e. where assessment methodologies change). The maximum proposed access length is 331m to Lot 7 over gentle slopes which are less than 12.5 per cent. The proposed access design is bordered to the south by a low threat area consisting of existing cleared rural residential development and proposed Lots 4-6, therefore the risk of access/egress becoming constrained during a bushfire event is low. The driveway also directs traffic/occupants in an easterly direction away from the most likely risk of a fire front approach being from the north to north-west. Given the driveway length, it is recommended the road design satisfy the QLD QFES Fire Hydrant and Vehicle Access Guidelines for Residential Commercial and Industrial Lots 03/2019 ( refer Appendix 2). Particular attention is to be paid to cleared widths both laterally and vertically and suitable turnaround areas for QFES MRV’s Where reconfiguring a lot creating lots of 2000 square metres or less (i.e., Lots 4-8): To ensure emergency access and operational space for firefighters the subdivision layout results in lots that are sited so that they are separated from the closest edge to the adjacent medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity area by a distance that achieves a radiant heat flux level of 29 kilowatt per square metre or less. 1. The building envelope, if identified at RaL stage, or 2. Where a building envelope is not identified, at all the lot boundaries. Building envelopes have been nominated within Lots 4-6 which are provided with sufficient APZ’s to the adjoining hazardous vegetation to comply with Assessment Benchmark 4. All APZ’s are to be maintained in accordance with the landscape criteria specified in Section 5.6 for the life of the development or until such time as an alternative setback can be justified (i.e. where assessment methodologies change). Assessment Benchmark 5 Where reconfiguring a lot: Subdivision design avoids locating lots (or for lots greater than 2000 square metres, avoids locating the development footprint plan) that are within bushfire prone areas and on ridgelines, saddles and crests where slopes exceed 15 per cent. The development is positioned on a gently undulating hills with slopes below 15 per cent and therefore complies with Assessment Benchmark 5. © 2023 31
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona Assessment Benchmark 7 Where a requirement for an asset protection zone (or similar) exists: Landscaping treatments comprise only low threat vegetation, including grassland managed in a minimal fuel condition, maintained lawns, golf courses, maintained public reserves and parklands, vineyards, orchards, cultivated gardens, commercial nurseries, nature strips and windbreaks. OR Landscaping management maintains a potential available fuel load which is less than eight tonnes/hectare in aggregate, and fuel structure which is discontinuous. OR Development includes a bushfire management plan for the maintenance of any identified asset protection zone, including landscape design and ongoing vegetation management. This Bushfire Management Plan has prescribed management measures for the APZ’s recommended for Lots 4-7 which complies with Assessment Benchmark 7. © 2023 32
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8 CONCLUSIONS
This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to assess and
manage the degree of potential bushfire risk acting on the proposed Reconfiguration of a Lot
development application for Lot 4 on SP320405, located at 7 Triller Court, Pomona.
A Local Hazard Map has been prepared for the site consistent with the State Planning Policy
– Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience – Technical Manual – A ‘fit for purpose’ approach in
undertaking natural hazard studies and risk assessments. The Local Hazard Map has
identified that the development footprint is located within a Potential Impact Buffer attributable
to a High Potential Bushfire Intensity Area located to the north and south and a Medium
Potential Bushfire Intensity Area located to the west to north-west within the adjacent National
Park.
A bushfire risk assessment has been undertaken in general accordance with AS/NZS ISO
31000:2018 – Risk Management Methodology. The risk assessment identified that the
vegetation to the north, south, and west of the site exposes the adjacent allotments to a risk
of ember, radiant heat and direct flame impact. The risk has been identified as an acceptable
level given the separation distances between the proposed building envelopes with Lots 4-7
and the edge of hazardous vegetation exposing them to <29kW/m² radiant heat flux.
Overall, the development proposed for the site, in combination with recommendations
referenced herein, is deemed to satisfy both the Noosa Plan Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code
and the State Planning Policy – State interest guidance material – Natural hazards, risk and
resilience – Bushfire (December 2019) development assessment benchmarks.
Bushfire is an extremely serious and often unpredictable phenomenon that requires serious
preparatory planning and decision making to avoid potential damage to infrastructure and or
loss of life. All recommendations made herein have been formulated based on site conditions
at the time of writing and therefore may not be appropriate in the event site conditions change
over time.
Implementation of the bushfire mitigation measures referenced herein is not implied nor
intended to advocate that residents remain on the site during a bushfire event nor that people
and property will be protected from bushfire impact. The measures are intended to reduce
the potential severity of bushfire impact to persons and property and not prevent actual
bushfire impact.
The landowners and site managers are to be responsible for ensuring the measures
prescribed herein are applied and stay up to date with site conditions and industry standards.
Landholders/managers should therefore liaise with Queensland Fire and Rescue Services at
regular intervals (e.g. recommended at least every 5 years).
The first call in the event of a bushfire emergency should always be ‘000’.
8.1 Certification Matters
The following bushfire mitigation measures are to be certified as satisfactorily completed by
the project Bushfire Consultant prior to commencement of the proposed/approved uses on the
site:
• All actionable recommendations set in Section 5 of this report have been implemented
(i.e. establishment of APZs, fire break trails, landscaping etc.) where practical at the
time of certification.
© 2023 33
Page 35
Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona 9 REFERENCES Cruz M.G., Gould J.S., Alexander M.E., Sullivan A.L., McCaw W.L., Matthews S. (2015) A Guide to Rate of Fire Spread Models for Australian Vegetation. CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Canberra, ACT, and AFAC, Melbourne, Vic, 123pp. Gould, McCaw, Cheney, Ellis & Matthews. (2007). Field Guide – Fuel assessment and fire behaviour in dry eucalypt open forest. Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra, ACT and Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth, WA. Leonard, J., Opie, K. (2017). Estimating the potential bushfire hazard of vegetation patches and corridors. An enhancement of Queensland’s methodology for State-wide mapping of bushfire prone areas. CSIRO Land & Water, Australia. Noosa Planning Scheme (2006). Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code. Noosa Council. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2019). Bushfire Resilient Communities - Technical Reference Guide for the State Planning Policy - State Interest Guideline - Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience 2- Bushfire. Southeast Queensland Fire and Biodiversity Consortium – Operational Manual. The State of Queensland, Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning (2019). Natural hazards, risk and resilience - Bushfire State Planning Policy – state interest guidance material. Webster. (2002). The Complete Bushfire Safety Book. Random House (Aust) Pty Ltd. © 2023 34
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona APPENDIX 1 – SITE LAYOUT © 2023 35
Page 37
Vegetation
Covenant
Vegetation
Covenant
MURRAY &
ASSOCIATES
SURVEYORS & TOWN PLANNERS ACN 075 543 154
Murray Building,15-17 Currie St. Nambour Ph.(07)5441 2188 P.O. Box 246
Branch Offices at Caboolture Chinchilla Roma Gympie & Emerald
Page 38
Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v4 NCES REF: J000841 Lot 4 on SP320405 – 7 Triller Court, Pomona APPENDIX 2 – QLD FIRE HYDRANT AND ACCESS GUIDELINES 2019 © 2023 36
Page 39
’ Fire Hydrant and
~~ Nehicle Access
Guidelines
for Residential,
~ Commercial and
industrial Lots
Queensland
ean
Page 40
Table of Contents
1. Scope.......................................................................................................................................3
2. Introduction .............................................................................................................................3
3. Where Do These Guidelines Apply? ...........................................................................................3
4. Water Supply Specification........................................................................................................4
Figure 1 – Reticulated Hydrant System.....................................................................................................4
Figure 2 – Use of Hydrant System............................................................................................................4
Figure 3 – Hydrant Markers.....................................................................................................................5
Figure 5 – Marker/directional arrow spacing detail..................................................................................5
Figure 4 – Hydrant marker posts..............................................................................................................5
Figure 6 – Location of cats eyes on a sealed roadway...............................................................................5
Figure 6 – Hydrant System design to minimum standards........................................................................6
5. Vehicle Access Requirements................................................................................................... 6
Figure 7 – Vehicle Turning Provisions......................................................................................................7
Glossary of Terms
In this document, the terms are limited to the meanings described below.
Building: A building is a fixed structure that is wholly or partly enclosed by walls or is roofed.
Structure: For this document refer to definition of a Building.
Fire Truck: A vehicle used to combat a fire. A typical fire truck (a pumper) is approximately 2.5m wide, 7.7m long
and it is typically used in urban residential areas. Further specifications of fire trucks and larger trucks are
available from the QFES if design solutions are required for specific situations.
Hydrant: An assembly installed on a branch from a water pipeline, which provides a valved outlet to permit a supply
of water to be taken from the pipeline for fire fighting. These include above and below ground hydrants.
QFES: Queensland Fire and Emergency Services.
Material Change As per the Planning Act 2016
of Use:
Reconfiguration As per the Planning Act 2016
of a Lot:
Reticulated Is a permanent infrastructure provided to deliver treated water to lots from an Urban Utility Authority
Water Supply: through a system of pipes, mains, control valves etc. for household or industrial use. It will supply
uninterrupted water at a positive pressure for fire fighting purposes.
Road or Construction which is specifically designed for all vehicle travel (may or may not include a sealed top
Carriageway: surface layer).
A Constructed For the purpose of defining widths, includes the part of the road reserve set aside for traffic and also
Road: includes roll-over kerbs but does not include the remaining part of the road reserve.
Trafficable Refers to that width of the constructed road that is unimpeded by encroachments such as street furniture or
Width: landscaping, and is available for free movement of fire trucks.
© State of Queensland (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services) 2019
The Queensland Government, acting through the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (QFES), supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of publicly
funded information and endorses the use of the Australian Governments Open Access and Licensing Framework (AusGOAL).
All Queensland Fire and Emergency Services material in this document – except the QFES logo, any material protected by a trademark, and unless otherwise noted – is
licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence.
The Queensland Fire and Emergency Services has undertaken reasonable enquiries to identify material owned by third parties and secure permission for its reproduction. Permission may need to be
obtained from third parties to re-use their material.
Written requests relating to the copyright in this document should be addressed to:
Intellectual Property Coordinator
Legal Services, Ministerial and Executive Services
Public Safety Business Agency
GPO Box 9879, Brisbane 4001
EM: [email protected]
Disclaimer
To the extent possible under applicable law, the material in this document is supplied as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind whether express, implied, statutory,
or otherwise. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or
absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply.
To the extent possible under applicable law, neither the Queensland Government or the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services will be liable to you on any legal ground (including, without limitation,
negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of the use of the material in this
document. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply.
2 - Public - Fire Hydrant Guidelines (Effective: 03/2019)
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1. Scope
For applications seeking development approval for material change of use or reconfiguring a lot for
the purpose of building, where streets and common access ways are proposed regardless of building
classification.
Where reticulated hydrant systems and vehicle access are not currently required under the Planning Act
2016 (PA), the Building Act 1975 or National Construction Code (NCC) the measures in this document
should be adopted.
Australian Standard (AS) 2419.1 2005 Appendix B is a minimum standard of design and performance
for the State of Queensland. In a local government authority where a local water authority specifies a
design and performance criteria above the requirements of AS 2419.1 2005 Appendix B, the local water
authority requirements will be adopted.
For the installed reticulated hydrant systems the minimum water flow rate and pressure is to be 10 L/S
@ 200 Kpa as per AS 2419.1 2005 Table 2.2 (for buildings with Class 2-9 only). In a local government
authority where a local water authority specifies a flow rate and pressure above the requirements of AS
2419.1 2005 Table 2.2, the local water authority requirements will be adopted.
For fire truck access, a minimum width and height clearance for roadways is required. Constructed roads
must comply with Government legislation such as the “Road Planning and Design Manual”.
2. Introduction
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (QFES) is the primary provider of fire and rescue services
throughout Queensland. QFES is responsible for community safety, the protection of people, property
and the environment from fire and chemical incidents and, in conjunction with other agencies, the
rescue of people trapped in vehicles, buildings and other emergency situations.
The loss of life and property damage by fire in residential, commercial and industrial premises is a
major concern to QFES, and for this reason, these lot reconfigurations need to be designed to provide
ready access for fire trucks, whilst providing a fire fighting water supply from a hydrant system.
Water supply and access requirements for material change of use or reconfiguring a lot within this
document are a planning tool and advice for building and developer applicants, it is not the intent
of this document for land development applications to be referred to QFES. They outline fire safety
requirements to enable QFES to efficiently manage fire incidents.
This document reflects Queensland Government policy of promoting sustainable development that
achieves economic, social and environmental objectives, including safety. The provisions are flexible
allowing planners and designers to economically achieve safety objectives without compromising
aesthetics or amenity.
3. Where Do These Guidelines Apply?
These guidelines apply to all material change of use or reconfiguration of a lot that will include streets
and common access ways within a common private title in areas serviced by reticulated water within
Queensland, for residential buildings, both attached and detached commercial or industrial buildings
that are not covered in other legislation or planning provisions.
For example, this would apply to planned townships or reconfigurations regardless of current fire service
intervention.
Fire Hydrant Guidelines (Effective: 03/2019) - Public - 3
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4. Water Supply Specification
Installed reticulated hydrant systems are to be located on roadways or access ways for all material
change of use and reconfigured lots for fire fighting purposes as per AS 2419.1 2005 Appendix B that
provides a minimum standard for hydrant intervals. In a Local Government Authority where a local
water authority specifies a design and performance criteria above the requirements of AS 2419.1 2005
Appendix B, the local water authority requirements will be adopted.
For the installed reticulated hydrant systems the minimum water flow rate and pressure is to be 10
L/S @ 200 Kpa as per AS 2419.1 2005 Table 2.2 (for building Class 2-9 only). In a Local Government
Authority where a local water authority specifies a flow rate and pressure above the requirements of AS
2419.1 2005 Table 2.2, the local water authority requirements will be adopted.
4.1 Hydrant Provision:
Hydrant Provision
Expectation Acceptable Outcomes
Where reticulated water is Hydrants above or below ground should be provided and maintained to
available, operable hydrants the minimum required performance standard as per AS 2419.1 2005.
are to be provided.
Rationale:
Firefighters use water as a prime extinguishing medium for structure fires. Reticulated water mains have
hydrants placed at regular intervals to enable firefighters to connect into the reticulated system. The
water is pressurised by pumps in the fire truck and delivered via hoses to the fire.
Figure 1 illustrates hydrant locations on reticulated water mains.
Figure 1 – Reticulated Hydrant System Figure 2 – Use of Hydrant System
4.2 Hydrant Markers
Hydrant Markers
Expectation Acceptable Outcomes
Hydrants are suitably Blue cats eyes are preferred for sealed roads. Marker posts at the fence
identified so that firefighters line should be used to identify hydrants where there is an unsealed
can locate them at all hours. road as road (HR) or path (HP) hydrants. The Figures 3-6 are examples
of marker locations.
4 - Public - Fire Hydrant Guidelines (Effective: 03/2019)
Page 43
Rationale:
Firefighters need to quickly locate water supplies in emergencies. Hydrant indicators need to be visually
identifiable from both directions by the approaching fire truck crews and must identify the location of
the hydrant.
Figure 3 – Hydrant Markers Figure 5 – Marker/directional arrow spacing detail
INDICATOR PLATES
• 254 x 76 aluminium
indicator plate.
• Fix top and bottom with
galvanised clouts.
• HP indicates hydrant
located in footpath.
• HR indicate hyrdant
located in road
carriageway.
Figure 4 – Hydrant marker posts Figure 6 – Location of cats eyes on a sealed roadway
4.3 Hydrant Location
Hydrant Location
Expectation Acceptable Outcomes
Hydrants are located in Residential Streets and Accessways
positions that will enable Above or below ground fire hydrants should be provided at not more
firefighters to access water than 120m intervals along residential streets and at each street
safely, effectively and intersection. Above ground fire hydrants may be single outlet.
efficiently.
Commercial and Industrial Streets and Accessways
Within streets serving commercial properties such as factories,
warehouses and offices (building classes 2-9 not requiring hydrants by
NCC), above or below ground fire hydrants should be provided at not
more than 90m intervals and at each street intersection. Above ground
fire hydrants should have dual valved outlets.
Rationale:
Upon arriving at a structure fire, firefighters site the fire truck with considerations to safety, access to the
fire, other responding trucks and accessible water supply for fire fighting purposes. Firefighters have an
expectation that fire hydrants will be located on reticulated water systems no more than 120m apart as
per AS 2419.1 2005, Appendix B. QFES equipment, procedures and the training of personnel is based
on this preferred standard of fire hydrant placement and associated access requirements.
Fire Hydrant Guidelines (Effective: 03/2019) - Public - 5
Page 44
Note: Hydrants should be located at each
intersection. With this in mind hydrant
interval distances should not exceed 120
metres.
Figure 6 – Hydrant System design to minimum standards
5. Vehicle Access Requirements
Fire service vehicular access is to enable the service to intervene to fight the fire, assist with evacuation
and stop the spread of fire to another building.
A minimum roadway clearance of 3.5m wide by 4.8m high is required for a fire truck. Constructed roads
must comply with Government legislation as specified in the “Road Planning and Design Manual”.
5.1 Road Width and Height
Road Width and Height
Performance Outcomes QFES Acceptable Outcomes
Roads are wide enough for Constructed roads must be as specified in the “Road Planning and
fire trucks to gain access to Design Manual”.
a safe working area close to
dwellings and water supplies
whether or not on-street
parking spaces are occupied.
5.2 Road Construction
Road Construction
Performance Outcomes QFES Acceptable Outcomes
Roads must be constructed Roads must be constructed to a standard so that they are accessible in
to facilitate the safe passage all weather conditions and capable of accommodating a vehicle of 15
of a laden fire truck in all tonnes for the trafficable road width as specified in the “Road Planning
weather conditions. and Design Manual”.
For specific details on QFES fire trucks, please refer to appendix 1 or contact QFES. Contact details for
specific areas are available at www.qfes.qld.gov.au/buildingsafety/Pages/default.aspx.
5.3 Road Grades
Road Grades
Performance Outcomes QFES Acceptable Outcomes
Grades of roads must The average grades, dips, and exit angles must be addressed as
facilitate the safe passage of specified in the “Road Planning and Design Manual”.
fire trucks.
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Page 45
Rationale:
Steep slopes affect the free movement of trucks and hinder safe fire fighting. Severe short dips may
limit access due to the overhang of the body from the wheels.
5.4 Turning Bays
Turning Bays
Performance Outcomes QFES Acceptable Outcomes
Provision is made for fire Constructed roads more than 60m in length from the nearest
trucks to turn at the end of intersection must have a turning circle with a minimum radius of 8m
dead end roads. (including roll-over kerbs if they are provided). Other solutions using T
or Y heads of specified dimensions are also appropriate. See figure 2 in
the “Road Planning and Design Manual” .
Rationale:
It is dangerous for emergency vehicles to be required to reverse along roads for excessive distances
in urban areas. Turning is normally carried out after the incident is under control when emergency
movement is not required. Even then, large trucks reversing in residential areas create safety concerns.
Fire trucks occasionally need to seek an alternative route necessitating a 180 degree turn in emergency
conditions. Using a three point turn, fire trucks require a turning circle radius of 8m to turn safely.
Alternative designs using specified T or Y heads are also appropriate. This area needs to be clear of
obstructions.
Turning Examples
Figure 7 – Vehicle Turning Provisions
Fire Hydrant Guidelines (Effective: 03/2019) - Public - 7
Page 46
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Page 47
Disclaimer
Any representation, statement, opinion or advice expressed or implied in this publication is made in good faith but on the
basis that the State of Queensland, its agents and employees are not liable (whether by reason of negligence, lack of care or
otherwise) to any person for damage or loss whatsoever which has occurred or may occur in relation to that person taking
or not taking (as the case may be) action in respect of any representation, statement, opinion or advice referred to above.
Version 03/2019