Appendix H - Biodiversity Code

                                                                                     Native Foresters




                      FIGURE 4: Scattered trees and parkland at Carramar entrance

In the upper, northern section of the wallum woodland, the lower and mid strata consists of Mat
rush (Lomandra longifolia and L. multiflora), Weeping baeckea (Baeckea frutescens) and
Hickory wattle (Acacia penninervis) as shown in Figure 5. Throughout lower-lying southern
section, native sedges and ferns dominate the understorey including Tall saw sedge (Gahnia
clarkei), Bungwall (Blechnum indicum), Matamat (Rhyncospora corymbosa) and Smart weed
(Persicaria attenuata) as shown in Figure 6.

Non-native species are particularly dominant along the disturbed edges, including Restricted
Invasive Plants Singapore daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata), Groundsel (Baccharis halmifolia) and
Lantana (Lantana camara), as well as a diverse range of environmental weeds e.g. Sword fern
(Nephrolepsis cordata), Common wild petunia (Stephanophysum longifolium) and Cut leaf
philodendron (Philodendron bipinnatifidum).

The western edges of the natural area adjoining the Carramar buildings and footpath have been
subject to modification and disturbance including dumping of garden waste, nutrient runoff and
weed encroachment from the surrounding residential and landscaped areas, with 50% native,
50% non-native species in the mid and lower strata. In contrast, the eastern edge of the survey
area is relatively intact retaining a high degree of floristic diversity and integrity across all strata,
with very few weed species encroaching into the wet sedgeland.

The vegetation adjacent to the carpark and along the eastern property boundary exhibits the
characteristic structure and canopy composition of the remnant vegetation community RE
12.3.5 (‘Least Concern’ Melaleuca quinquenervia open forest on coastal alluvium).




Carramar Extension – Fauna and Flora Assessment                                                         16