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2019-11-18 GC Agenda - Item 7 - Attachment 1 - Draft Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020
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Attachment 2 to Item 7
Noosa Biosecurity Plan
2020
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Full text of the other 54 sections
Section 2
Feral pig Sus scrofa
Photo: Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
<Insert Report Title> Page 6 of 6
Section 3
© Noosa Council 2020 www.noosa.qld.gov.au General Enquiries: By telephone: (07) 5329 6500 By email: [email protected] Fax: (07) 5329 6501 Street Address: 9 Pelican Street, TEWANTIN Postal address: PO Box 141, TEWANTIN QLD 4565 Endorsed by Noosa Council [date to be inserted] or insert document date
Section 4
Table of Contents
1. Introduction and purpose.................................................................................................. 64
2. Background and Context .................................................................................................. 64
2.1 Description of Noosa Shire ..................................................................................... 64
2.2 Why do we need a Biosecurity Plan? ..................................................................... 96
2.3 What are invasive biosecurity matters? .................................................................. 96
2.4 Regulation ............................................................................................................ 117
2.5 Plan objectives ..................................................................................................... 117
2.6 Scope ................................................................................................................... 118
2.7 Stakeholders ........................................................................................................ 128
3. Management approach .................................................................................................... 139
3.1 Reporting and management response ................................................................. 149
3.2 Shire wide priorities for Schedule 1 & 2 invasive species ..................................... 149
3.3 Climate change .................................................................................................. 2113
4. Management methods ................................................................................................... 2415
4.1 Invasive plants ................................................................................................... 2415
4.1.1 Property pest management plans................................................................................ 2415
4.1.2 Management techniques ............................................................................................. 2516
4.1.3 Timing .......................................................................................................................... 2617
4.2 Invasive animals................................................................................................. 2718
4.2.1 Management techniques ............................................................................................. 2718
4.2.2 Timing of management actions ................................................................................... 2919
4.3 Codes of Practice ............................................................................................... 3221
5. Information systems ...................................................................................................... 3322
5.1 Historic data and information .............................................................................. 3322
5.2 Surveys .............................................................................................................. 3423
5.2.1 Pest survey program.................................................................................................... 3423
5.2.2 Shire wide surveys ....................................................................................................... 3523
5.2.3 Targeted surveys ......................................................................................................... 3524
5.3 Data collection applications ................................................................................ 3725
5.3.1 ‘Collector App’-Council ................................................................................................ 3725
6. Community engagement ............................................................................................... 3926
7. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 3926
8. Action Plan, Monitoring & Evaluation .......................................................................... 4027
9. Appendices .................................................................................................................... 4632
9.1 Invasive species list ........................................................................................... 4632
9.2 Useful websites on invasive species .................................................................. 5137
1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 2
2. Introduction and purpose ...................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 4
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 1
Section 5
2.2 Purpose of the Biosecurity Plan ................................................................................................ 4
3. Background and Context ....................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Description of Noosa Shire ....................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Why do we need a Biosecurity Plan? ....................................................................................... 6
3.3 What are invasive biosecurity matters? .................................................................................... 6
3.4 Regulation ................................................................................................................................. 7
3.5 Plan objectives .......................................................................................................................... 7
3.6 Monitoring and measurement of success ................................................................................. 8
3.7 Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 8
3.8 Stakeholders ............................................................................................................................. 8
4. Management approach .......................................................................................................................... 8
4.1 Reporting and management response ..................................................................................... 9
4.2 Shire wide priorities for Schedule 1&2 invasive species........................................................... 9
4.3 Climate change .......................................................................................................................12
5. Management methods .........................................................................................................................15
5.1 Invasive plants ........................................................................................................................15
5.1.1 Property pest management plans ...........................................................................................15
5.1.2 Management techniques .........................................................................................................16
5.1.3 Timing .....................................................................................................................................17
5.2 Invasive animals......................................................................................................................18
5.2.1 Management techniques .........................................................................................................19
5.2.2 Timing .....................................................................................................................................20
5.3 Codes of Practice ....................................................................................................................21
6. Information systems ............................................................................................................................22
6.1 Historic data and information ..................................................................................................22
6.2 Surveys ...................................................................................................................................24
6.2.1 Pest survey program ...............................................................................................................24
6.2.2 Shire wide surveys ..................................................................................................................24
6.2.3 Targeted surveys ....................................................................................................................25
6.3 Data collection applications ....................................................................................................26
6.3.1 ‘Collector App’-Council ............................................................................................................26
7. Community engagement .....................................................................................................................27
8. Summary ...............................................................................................................................................27
9. Implementation Action Plan ................................................................................................................28
10. Appendix ...............................................................................................................................................33
10.1 Invasive species list ................................................................................................................33
10.2 Useful websites on invasive species.......................................................................................38
1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction and purpose.................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 3
2.2 Purpose of the Biosecurity Plan ............................................................................... 3
3. Background and Context .................................................................................................... 3
3.1 Description of Noosa Shire ....................................................................................... 3
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 2
Section 6
3.2 Why do we need a Biosecurity Plan? ....................................................................... 5
3.3 What are invasive biosecurity matters? .................................................................... 5
3.4 Regulation ................................................................................................................ 6
3.5 Plan objectives ......................................................................................................... 6
3.6 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 7
3.7 Stakeholders ............................................................................................................ 7
4. Management approach ........................................................................................................ 7
4.1 Reporting and management response ..................................................................... 8
4.2 Shire wide priorities for Schedule 1&2 invasive species ........................................... 8
4.3 Climate change ...................................................................................................... 10
5. Management methods ....................................................................................................... 11
5.1 Invasive plants ....................................................................................................... 11
5.1.1 Property pest management plans.................................................................................... 11
5.1.2 Management techniques ................................................................................................. 12
5.1.3 Timing .............................................................................................................................. 13
5.2 Invasive animals..................................................................................................... 14
5.2.1 Management techniques ................................................................................................. 14
5.2.2 Timing .............................................................................................................................. 15
5.3 Codes of Practice ................................................................................................... 16
6. Information systems .......................................................................................................... 16
6.1 Historic data and information .................................................................................. 16
6.2 Surveys .................................................................................................................. 18
6.2.1 Pest survey program........................................................................................................ 18
6.2.2 Shire wide surveys ........................................................................................................... 18
6.2.3 Targeted surveys ............................................................................................................. 19
6.3 Data collection applications .................................................................................... 20
6.3.1 ‘Collector App’-Council .................................................................................................... 20
7. Community engagement ................................................................................................... 21
8. Summary ............................................................................................................................ 21
9. Implementation Action Plan .............................................................................................. 22
10. Appendix ............................................................................................................................ 25
10.1 Invasive species list ............................................................................................... 25
10.2 Useful websites on invasive species ...................................................................... 30
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 3
Section 7
1. Executive Summary Biosecurity is defined as efforts to prevent, respond to, and recover from, pests and diseases that threaten the economy and the environment. Under the Biosecurity Act 2014 all public and private landowners have a general biosecurity obligation to control invasive plants and animals on their land. The Act also requires local governments to have a Biosecurity Plan for their local government area and this is also identified in key action under the Noosa Environment Strategy 2019. Invasive animals and plants can be a threat to biodiversity, agriculture and human health. Prevention and eradication at early stages can save a significant amount of financial resources in the long term. The purpose of the Plan is to identify priority actions for local government, other government agencies and private landowners on biosecurity matters within Noosa Shire. It is also acknowledged that some introduced plants are now naturalised and perform an ecosystem function stabilising soil, providing habitat for fauna and absorbing nutrients in wetland areas. Extreme control measures without natural regenerative approaches can cause environmental harm. This Plan takes a risk management approach with pest plants and animals and prioritises geographic areas for targeted inspections and management actions. Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 4
Section 8
Photo: Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 5
Section 9
2.1. Introduction and purpose 2.1 Introduction Noosa has an extensive vegetation network with a diverse representation of regional ecosystems, fauna and flora, and habitat. Protected areas make up a third of the shire and a significant amount of vegetation and habitat exist on private land. Along with development and climate change, invasive animals and plants are a significant threat to Noosa’s biodiversity values. The livelihood of landowners can also be impacted by pest species. Wild dogs predate on stock and weeds can infest pasture and reduce productivity. The Noosa Biosecurity Plan aims to avoid and mitigate these threats, recognising that taking a risk management approach and prioritising actions in a practical and logical way, is the way forward to achieve the best outcomes for public and private landowners. 2.2 Purpose of the Biosecurity Plan The purpose of the Plan is to guide actions for local government and landowners concerning biosecurity risks in relation to invasive plants and animals. Under the Biosecurity Act 2014, public and private landowners have a general obligation to take reasonable and practical steps to minimise biosecurity matters that may present a risk to people, industry and/or the environment. This is consistent with the Noosa Environment Strategy, 2019 which has targets for retaining ecosystem values and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. 3.2. Background and Context 3.12.1 Description of Noosa Shire Geological history and a sub-tropical climate has shaped Noosa’s landscape and ecosystems. The original inhabitants, the Kabi Kabi people, had a close affinity with their environment and were influential in shaping vegetation and habitat, particularly through the use of fire, over many thousands of years. With European settlement in the late 1800s non-native plant and animal species were introduced into the area, impacting on vegetation, flora and fauna. As settlement expanded so did the extent of invasive species such as cats, dogs, pigs, ornamental plants and agricultural weeds. Other species were accidently released which also threatened the environment and agricultural productivity. Today, the release of invasive plants and animal species is still a risk and authorities are working hard to minimise these threats through border controls and regulation through the Biosecurity Act 2014. Some invasive species are now naturalised and are unlikely to ever be eradicated from Noosa Shire. They may now perform somean ecosystem functions, for example erosion control, habitat for native species, or nutrient sequestration from waterways. The role of the Noosa Biosecurity Plan is to prioritise which species are a focus for management and identify actions that can be implemented in a practical and cost effective way. Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 6
Section 10
Broad-leaved pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius), Photo: Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 7
Section 11
Map 1: Management of invasive biosecurity matters apply to all public and private landowners across the Shire Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 8
Section 12
3.22.2 Why do we need a Biosecurity Plan?
There are approximately 8.7million plant and animal species in the world and some of these
represent a biosecurity risk to Australia and Noosa. Plants and animals have been colonising
Australia from other parts of the world for thousands of years and recent occupation, settlement
and development have dramatically increased the abundance and diversity of introduced species.
Since European settlement several thousand plant and animal species(including invertebrates)
have been introduced into Australia. Many of these species are now well established and unlikely
to be eradicated. Introduced species can significantly impact on biodiversity, economies and
community health. Alternatively some introduced species can fulfil an ecosystem function,
absorbing nutrients, protecting soil from erosion and providing habitat for fauna.
Council has shire- wide jurisdiction concerning biosecurity matters but under the Biosecurity Act
2014 all landowners are responsible for biosecurity matters on their land. The Noosa Biosecurity
Plan 2020 identifies priority invasive plants and animals that can be a problem in Noosa Shire and
management actions for landowners that are practical and feasible. Importantly consultation,
raising awareness and collaboration with key stakeholders and the Noosa community helps build
capacity to manage biosecurity matters across the shire.
3.32.3 What are invasive biosecurity matters?
The Qld Biosecurity Act 2014 identifies invasive species that are a threat to biodiversity, the
economy and the community. There are generally two types of biosecurity matters relevant to local
government jurisdiction:
Schedule 1 Prohibited matters: Invasive species that are a potential threat, however most
have not yet been recorded inare not in Queensland yet. One of these1 species has been
recorded in Noosa Shire.
Schedule 2 Restricted matters: Invasive species that are already a threat infound in
Queensland. 45 species have been recorded in Noosa Shire so far.
For prohibited and restricted matter there are 7 different categories of management controls
depending on the listed species concerned. Biosecurity Queensland and Noosa Council have
certain jurisdiction with invasive plants and animals as shown in Table 1.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 9
Section 13
Red deer (Cervus elaphus) Photo: Queensland DAF
Management Biosecurity obligation Biosecurity Noosa Council role
categories for Queensland role
Schedule 1 & 2
listed species
1 Must be reported to BQ Regulatory Refer to BQ
within 24hrs
Contain and
eradicate
2 Must be reported to BQ or Regulatory Regulatory
LGA within 24hrs
Reduce, control or Inform BQ
contain
Reduce, control or
contain
3 Cannot be supplied to Regulatory Regulatory
another person or released
into the environment
4 Cannot be moved so as to Regulatory Regulatory
avoid spreading
5 No possession allowed Regulatory Regulatory
6 Feeding not allowed unless Regulatory Regulatory
undertaking a control
program
7 Must be destroyed if in Regulatory Refer to BQ
possession
Table 1: Management categories for Schedule 1 & 2 invasive biosecurity matters. Council’s regulatory role
applies to management categories 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6
For local government jurisdiction there are 160 species alone identified in Schedule 2 of the
Biosecurity Act 2014 defined as ‘restricted matter’. In addition there are a large number of non-
scheduled invasive species that may be voluntarily managed by landowners. An invasive species
list is provided in Appendix 1 of this document.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 10
Section 14
3.42.4 Regulation
Queensland Biosecurity and Local Government Officers have powers under the Biosecurity Act
2014 to regulate biosecurity matters. In addition Council officers have powers under the Local
Government Act 2009. In the majority of situations Council officers are able to negotiate acceptable
solutions for landholders that have an obligation to manage biosecurity matters. Under certain
circumstances officers may take the following actions:
Enter land to inspect biosecurity matters.
Issue and enforce a biosecurity order.
Control a biosecurity matter and recover costs.
3.52.5 Plan objectives
The development of the Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 is a requirement of the Biosecurity Act 2014
and is necessary to achieve the biodiversity and sustainable living outcomes of the Noosa
Environment Strategy 2020. This plan supersedes the Noosa LGA Pest Management Plan 2015-
2019.
The Noosa Environment Strategy has a specific identified outcome that;
Invasive pest species are managed strategically to reduce impacts on native species and
habitats, as well as recreation and tourism values.
The This Plan’s objective is to achieve that outcome through management ofmanage invasive
plant and animal biosecurity risks to people, biodiversity, and the local economy, based on
priorities and actions that are reasonable and practical for all landowners.
Monitoring and measurement of success
The success of the Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 is measured against the following benchmarks
identified in the Noosa Environment Strategy 2019:
Theme 1-Biodiversity: BioCondition Benchmarks for Regional Ecosystem Condition Assessment
will be undertaken every 5 years for Noosa regional ecosystems.
Theme 2-Sustainable living: Every 5 years grazing land condition will be assessed.
3.62.6 Scope
The Plan applies to the Noosa local government area covering all public and private land. With
respect to public land the Plan applies to Queensland Government land such as National Park and
Council- controlled land including bushland reserves and road reserves. With regard to private
land, Council plays an advocacy role in supporting landowners to identify and manage biosecurity
risks on their land. In some cases Council will collaborate with private landowners to implement
actions to manage priority biosecurity risks, such as e.g. feral animal control.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 11
Section 15
Council plays a role in reporting Biosecurity matters to Biosecurity Queensland. Under the Biosecurity Act 2014 Council is responsible for regulating Schedule 2 Invasive Biosecurity Matter - Restricted plants and, animals and one species of insect (see Appendix 1). The Plan does not consider fauna species protected under the Nature Conservation Act 1992 that may provide a nuisance to some residentscan be a problem to some people. Examples include fFlying-foxes, magpies, brush turkeys and snakes. This Plan does not consider domestic or public health risks such as vermin, mosquitoes, biting midges or cockroaches or pathogens of humans, domestic animals, livestock or plants. 3.72.7 Stakeholders Stakeholders include Queensland Government agencies such as the Queensland Parks & Wildlife Service, National Parks,Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Queensland Rail and the Department of Transport and Main Roads. Non-government stakeholders include private landowners, catchment management associations, Landcare and local environment interest groups. Council has a close working relationship with bushland care volunteers and private landowners involved with the Land for Wildlife and Voluntary Conservation Agreement programs, also key stakeholders. Partnerships with private landholders through programs such as these provide Council with a mechanism to educate and support strategic large landholders on biosecurity matters. The Biosecurity Plan guides Council’s activities with biosecurity matters on Council- controlled land. Council may notify and work with private landowners and other government agencies to manage biosecurity matters on their land. Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 12
Section 16
Case study: Early detection, reporting and eradication
Biosecurity Queensland, Noosa Council and landowners have been successful in
eradicating several potentially invasive species from the shire. Water mimosa Neptunia
oleracea, Senegalia spp., Madras thornCase study: Early
Pithecellobium detection,
dulce reporting and eradication
and Parthenium
Parthenium hysterophorus were reported to Council by landowners andCouncil
Biosecurity Queensland, Noosa were and landowners
eradicated through herbicide treatmenthaveand been successful
mechanical in eradicating
removal. several potentially
Without early
invasive
detection, reporting and timely eradication therespecies from been
would have the shire. Water impacts
significant mimosa Neptunia
oleracea, Senegalia
for landowners and costly ongoing management. spp., Madras
Water mimosa Neptuniathorn Pithecellobium
oleracea
Photo: QLD DAF dulce and Parthenium Parthenium hysterophorus were
reported to Council by landowners and were eradicated
through herbicide treatment and mechanical removal.
Without early detection, reporting and timely eradication
there would have been significant impacts for landowners
and costly ongoing management.
Water mimosa Neptunia oleracea Photo: QLD DAF
4.3. Management approach
The most cost effective approach is to prevent invasive
Water mimosaspecies fromoleracea
Neptunia establishing within
Photo: QLD theDAF
shire.
If invasive species are not detected early and eradicated, then costly long term management is
required.
Examples of this are partnerships where Biosecurity Queensland, Noosa Council and landowners
have been successful in eradicating several potentially invasive species from the shire. Water
mimosa (Neptunia oleracea), Senegalia spp., Madras thorn (Pithecellobium dulce) and Parthenium
(Parthenium hysterophorus) were reported to Council by landowners and were eradicated through
herbicide treatment and mechanical removal. Without early detection, reporting and timely
eradication there would have been potentially significant impacts for landowners and costly
ongoing management.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 13
Section 17
4.13.1 Reporting and management response
Reports of invasive species are provided through Council surveillance programs or from members
of the public. The response from Council to landowners will depend on the species concerned and
whether they are a scheduled species under the Biosecurity Act 2014 (see Figure 3 below).
Figure 1. Decision tool for incoming reports of invasive species.
4.23.2 Shire wide priorities for Schedule 1 & 2 invasive species
To guide Council’s invasive species management of scheduled species and targeted awareness
raising programs, an expert panel has assessed the risk and management feasibility of Schedule 1
& 2 invasive species that have been recorded in Noosa Shire previously. Note that all public and
private landowners within Noosa Shire have a biosecurity obligation for all Schedule 1 & 2 invasive
matters regardless of the prioritisation score.
The risk assessment was based on current extent, risk to biodiversity, economy and people. The
feasibility of control was also considered, to provide a prioritisation for each Schedule 2
specieswith all Schedule 2 species given a priority score. The prioritisation methodology is shown
in Table 2.considered;
Likelihood of establishment (scored between 1 and 5, where 5 was the highest likelihood)
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 14
Section 18
Ecological impact (scored between 1 and 5, where 5 was the highest impact)
Economic impact (scored between 1 and 5, where 5 was the highest impact)
Community impact (scored between 1 and 5, where 5 was the highest impact)
Feasibility of management actions (scored between 1 and 10, where 10 was the highest
likelihood of success)
Criteria Score range Score
Likelihood of establishment 1-5
Ecological impact 1-5
Economic impact 1-5
Community impact 1-5
Feasibility of management 1-10
actions
Total prioritisation score
Table 2 Prioritisation methodology (Methodology source: Gold Coast City Council Biosecurity Plan).
The invasive species, with their prioritisation score, are is further categorised into priority
management responses of prevention, eradication or containment. This is depicted in the
generalised invasion curve below. Note that actual on-ground actions for landowners will depend
on the extent of infestation.
Figure 2. Generalised invasion curve
‘Prevention’ is the highest priority followed by ‘eradication’ and ‘containment’. Investment priorities
will mirror the results of the risk assessment. In most circumstances, Priority 1 species will require
little investment, but should they be recorded in Noosa immediate resources will be required,
proportional to the risk.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 15
Section 19
This plan prioritises targeting biosecurity threats that have the best chance of being eradicated
(Priority 2: Eradication list) completely from Noosa. The Priority lists enables extra resources to be
targeted towards the next highest risk species – the more the investment, the more effective
eradication and containment will be, and the further down the list management actions will be
undertaken. It is hoped that improvements in technologies and techniques, along with active
management, may see some of the Priority 3: Containment threats able to move to potentially
eradicable in the future, or at least to achieve local eradications.
There will still be a need to sometimes target lower priority threats and some threats not on the
Priority list at all, depending on site-specific needs, and unforeseen impacts on habitats and
threatened species. The management of biosecurity threats will always need to be dynamic and
adaptable, but this risk assessment provides a framework for biosecurity management priorities.
Results of the risk assessment and management feasibility assessment are shown in Table 3in the
table below:.
Priority 1: Prevention Priority
Score
Outcome: New invasive species are prevented from entering the
shire
(previously eradicated from Noosa Shire)
Note: The species below were previously eradicated from shire and are a
high priority for monitoring. Any new invasive species that enter Noosa Shire Management
are added to this list category
Water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea and N. pPlena) 2,3,4,5 27
Madras thorn (Pithecellobium dulce) 2,3,4,5 23
Acacia (Senegalia spp.) (Schedule 1) 1 23
Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) 3 22
Priority 2: Eradication Priority
Score
Outcome: Invasive species currently present in the shire are
eradicated
Note: The species below could feasibly be eradicated from the shire with Management
sufficient resourcing category
African fountain grass (Cenchrus setaceum) 3 22
Annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) 3 22
Bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundifolia) 2,3,4,5 22
Chinee apple (Ziziphus mauritiana) 3 22
Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) 3 21
Kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) 3 21
Yellow oleander, Captain Cook tree (Cascabela thevetia syn. Thevetia 21
peruviana) 3
Creeping lantana (Lantana montevidensis) 3 20
Common pest pear, spiny pest pear (Opuntia stricta syn. O. inermis) 3 17
Drooping tree pear (O. monocantha syn. O. vulgaris) 3 17
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 16
Section 20
Priority 3: Containment Priority
Score
Outcome: Invasive species are contained within property Management
boundaries category
Note: Eradication of these species from the shire is unlikely. For small
infestations or infestations that can be eradicated within 5 years, eradication
is more cost effective for landowners than ongoing containment.
Plants
Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia spp. other than native species) 3 23
African tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata) 3 22
Thunbergia (Thunbergia grandiflora syn. T. laurifolia) 3 22
Salvinia (Salvinia molesta) 3 22
Broad-leaf privet, tree privet (Ligustrum lucidum) 3 21
Broad-leaved pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius) 3 21
Cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana) 3 20
Yellow bells (Tecoma stans) 3 20
Cat’s claw creeper (Dolichandra unguis-cati) 3 19
Singapore daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata syn. Wedelia trilobata) 3 17
Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia) 3 17
Groundsel bush (Baccharis halimifolia) 3 17
Lantana, common lantana (Lantana camara) 3 17
Asparagus fern (Asparagus aethiopicus, A. africanus and A. 17
plumosus) 3
Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) 3 16
Balloon vine (Cardiospermum grandiflorum) 3 16
Small-leaf privet, Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense) 3 15
Mother of millions hybrid (Bryophyllum x houghtonii) 3 15
Chinese celtis (Celtis sinensis) 3 15
American rat’s tail grass (Sporobolus jacquemontii) 3 15
Giant Parramatta grass (S. fertilis) 3 15
Giant rat’s tail grass (S. pyramidalis and S. natalensis) 3 15
Priority 3: Containment Priority
Management
Outcome: Feral animal populations are reduced to a manageable
category
level.
Note: Eradication of these species from the shire is unlikely.
Animals
Feral red deer (Cervus elaphus) 3,4,6 24
Dingo (Canis lupus dingo) 3,4,5,6 20
Dog (Canis lupus familiaris), other than a domestic dog 3,4,6 20
European fox (Vulpes vulpes) 3,4,5,6 19
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 17
Section 21
Cat (Felis catus and Prionailurus bengalensis x Felis catus), other 19 than a domestic cat 3,4,6 Feral pig (Sus scrofa) 3,4,6 18 Priority 2: Eradication Priority Outcome: Invasive species currently present in the shire are eradicated from Shire Note: The species below could feasibly be eradicated from the shire with Management sufficient resourcing (feasible if sufficient resourcing) category African fountain grass (Cenchrus setaceum) 3 22 Annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) 3 22 Bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundifolia) 2,3,4,5 22 Chinee apple (Ziziphus mauritiana) 3 22 Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) 3 21 Kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) 3 21 Yellow oleander, Captain Cook tree (Cascabela thevetia syn. Thevetia 21 peruviana 3 Creeping lantana (Lantana montevidensis) 3 20 Common pest pear, spiny pest pear (O.stricta syn. O. inermis) 3 17 Drooping tree pear (O. monocantha syn. O. vulgaris) 3 17 Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 18
Section 22
Priority 3: Containment Priority
Outcome: Invasive species are contained within property
boundaries
(Eradication from Shire is unlikely) Management
Note: Eradication of these species from the shire is unlikely. fFor small category
infestations or infestations that can be eradicated within 5 years,
eradication is more cost effective for landowners than ongoing
containment.
Plants
Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia spp. other than native species) 3 23
African tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata) 3 22
Thunbergia (Thunbergia grandiflora syn. T. laurifolia) 3 22
Salvinia (Salvinia molesta) 3 22
Broad-leaf privet, tree privet (Ligustrum lucidum) 3 21
Broad-leaved pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius) 3 21
Cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana) 3 20
Yellow bells (Tecoma stans) 3 20
Cat’s claw creeper (Dolichandra unguis-cati) 3 19
Singapore daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata syn. Wedelia trilobata) 3 17
Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia) 3 17
Groundsel bush (Baccharis halimifolia) 3 17
Lantana, common lantana (Lantana camara) 3 17
Asparagus fern (Asparagus aethiopicus, A. africanus and A. 17
plumosus) 3
Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) 3 16
Balloon vine (Cardiospermum grandiflorum) 3 16
Small-leaf privet, Chinese privet (L. sinense) 3 15
Mother of millions hybrid (Bryophyllum x houghtonii) 3 15
Chinese celtis (Celtis sinensis) 3 15
American rat’s tail grass (Sporobolus jacquemontii) 3 15
Giant Parramatta grass (S. fertilis) 3 15
Giant rat’s tail grass (S. pyramidalis and S. natalensis) 3 15
Priority 3: Containment Priority
Outcome: Feral animal populations are reduced to a manageable
level.Containment (Eradication from Shire is unlikely)
Management
Note: Eradication of these species from the shire is unlikely. for feral
category
animals containment in this instance refers to reducing populations to
a manageable level.
Animals
Feral red deer (Cervus elaphus) 3,4,6 24
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 19
Section 23
Dingo (Canis lupus dingo) 3,4,5,6 20 Dog (Canis lupus familiaris), other than a domestic dog 3,4,6 20 European fox (Vulpes vulpes) 3,4,5,6 19 Cat (Felis catus and Prionailurus bengalensis x Felis catus), other 19 than a domestic cat 3,4,6 Feral pig (Sus scrofa) 3,4,6 18 Table 3.2: Shire wide priorities for management of Schedule 1 & 2 invasive species that have been recorded in Noosa Shire. Note that all public and private landowners have a biosecurity obligation to manage all scheduled invasive species regardless of the prioritisation score. Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 20
Section 24
4.33.3 Climate change Climate change is predicted to make significant changes to ecosystems, vegetation and habitat over time. Although it is likely there will be some ‘winners and losers’ as a consequence of climate change, the response of pest species is still a developing science. AdaptNRM provides tools and resources to help manage weeds under a changing climate https://adaptnrm.csiro.au/ CLIMEX modelling is used to assess the suitability of regions for certain weed species under a future climate. This predictive tool allows land owners to adapt their management priorities in response to climate change. Figure 3. CLIMEX modelling of Mimosa pigra, an invasive species. The map at the top is the current situation. The lower figure is a 2070 projection showing a decline in risk in northern Australia and an increased risk in southern Qld. Source: Waldon.,D., et al., in AdaptNRM, Supporting Weed Management Adaptation. Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 21
Section 25
Invasive species will respond in different ways under climate change pressure. A
landownerslandowner’s adaptive response will depend on the nature of the climate change impact
and the species concerned. This is summarised in the table below.
Climate change Impact Invasive species Adaptation response
pressure response
Ecological
Increased Loss of biodiversity Certain fire dependant Fire dependant invasive species
temperature through more frequent invasive species can are rated as a high priority for
and severe wildfires dominate native management within the
species after fire. prioritisation table.
Tropical weed species Ecosystems that are susceptible
expected to expand to the impacts of wildfire, such
their range to SEQ as e.g. rainforest, are managed
as fire exclusion areas.
Traditional landowner
management practices are re-
instated across the vegetation
network where appropriate
More severe flood Erosion of riparian Greater opportunity for Riparian buffer areas are
events areas invasive species to restored on a priority basis
invade areas impacted
by erosion
Sea level rise Salt water inundation Encourages salt Allow space for ecosystem
tolerant species transitional movement through
planning scheme protections
and environment levy land
purchases
More severe storm Storm damage to Reduced canopy cover Assess through Bio-condition
events vegetation provides greater Assessments and remediate
opportunity for based on priorities identified in
invasive species to the Biodiversity Assessment
invade understory report 2016
Prolonged drought Loss of biodiversity Drought tolerant Drought tolerant invasive
invasive species species are rated as a high
Changes to
outcompete native priority for management within
groundwater
species the prioritisation table
hydrology.
Alteration of flowering
patterns and nectar for
fauna
Economic
Increased Reduced crop yield More favourable Landowners are encouraged to
temperature conditions for some manage invasive species that
invasive species to respond to temperature
invade crop and extremes
pasture areas
More severe flood Soil erosion and Weed species invade Landowners are encouraged to
events saturation disturbed areas minimise soil erosion through
land management practices
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 22
Section 26
Prolonged drought Soil exposure Greater opportunity for Landowners are encouraged to
some weed species to apply soil conservation
Potential overgrazing
dominate practices.
Community
Increased Potential health issues Conditions may favour Asthma causing invasive
temperature and such as asthma asthma causing species are rated as a high
dry conditions invasive species priority for management within
the prioritisation table
Table 34. Climate change pressures and adaptive management responses
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 23
Section 27
5.4. Management methods
The method of management will depend on whether the purpose of invasive species control is to
prevent/mitigate threats to biodiversity, local economies or human health and also the extent of the
infestation.
5.14.1 Invasive plants
5.1.14.1.1 Property pest management plans
A property pest management plan can assist landowners where the extent of invasive species
requires management over several years. The nature of the property pest management plan will
depend on the desired outcomes, whether that be for example, improving agricultural productivity
or requiring ecological restoration. Private landowners may develop a property management plan
as a requirement under the Biosecurity Act 2014, or voluntarily through a Land for Wildlife or
Case study: Bushland Operational Assessments (BOAs)
Council uses a Bushland Operational Assessment (BOA) methodology to assess the condition
of its bushland reserves. Essentially a BOA spatially identifies the resilience of native vegetation
against various threats such as weeds, fire, disturbance and nutrients and its recovery potential.
Condition classes range from ‘Excellent resilience’ where full recovery is expected after natural
disturbance to ‘Nil resilience’ where significant reconstruction is required to bring the site back to
a natural condition. The BOAs are reviewed every 5 years to assess how the condition of the
bushland reserve has changed over time.
Figure 43. A BOA demonstrates how vegetation condition has changed over time through ecological
restoration works
2010
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 24
2016
Section 28
Voluntary Conservation AgreementNature Refuge program, where ecological restoration is the
main objective.
5.1.24.1.2 Management techniques
For on-ground actions there are various methods to control invasive weeds as summarised in
Figure 54 and Table 4. Public and private landowners use various methods of control of invasive
species, often together to take an integrated approach to management. Council is guided by
industry best practice and will continue to explore management alternatives that are safe, cost
effective and practical. Each method of invasive plant control can have advantages and
disadvantages as tabled below.
Figure 54 Integrated weed management (IWM) (Source: Annie Klodd in IWM)
Public and private landowners use various methods of invasive plant control. Council is guided by
industry best practice but will continue to explore management alternatives that are cost effective
and practical. Each method of invasive plant control has advantages and disadvantages as tabled
below.
Method Advantages Disadvantages Examples
Mechanical including Targeted, immediate Can be labour intensive Groundsel at young
steaming results. unless using machinery, growth stage.
and impact off target
Steaming of weeds
species. Still may requires
along pathways.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 25
Section 29
follow up with other
methods.
Cultural Can be cost effective Can be labour intensive To minimise spread
and high risk if not well avoid slashing Giant
managed (e.g. fire Rat Tail grass prior
management) to seeding.
Fire management.
Chemical High level of Concerns from some Glyphosate and
effectiveness, reduces sectors of the community Metsulfuron to
other disturbance, and over potential health control weeds
can be targeted effects.
Biological Once established, self- Expensive, requires years Biological control of
sustainable of research, potential Lantana and
impacts to non-target Salvinia
species.
Chemical Cost effective and can be Concerns from some Glyphosate and
targeted sectors of the community Metsulfuron to
over potential health control weeds
affects
Cultural Can be cost effective Can be labour intensive To minimise spread
and high risk if not well avoid slashing Giant
managed (e.g. fire Rat Tail grass prior
management). to seeding.
Fire management.
Table 54:4 Advantages and disadvantages of various weed control methods. Steaming is another method
which can be suitable for the built environment.
The options for management of invasive plants is changing all the time with new products and
technologies coming onto the market, with the aim of addressing shortcomings of existing
techniques, and tackling emerging threats. Council has, and will continue to, trial new technologies
as they become available, assessing them for efficacy, safety, cost effectiveness, and potential off-
target impact.
5.1.34.1.3 Timing
To maximise management effectiveness different invasive species are controlled at different times.
For example certain plant species may best be controlled during growth stages or prior to
flowering. Table 65 below depicts the seasonal nature of managing invasive plant species.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 26
Section 30
Annual Planning Calender for Pest Plant Programs
Program January February March April May June July August September October November December
Groundsel
Fireweed
Giant Rat's Tail
Annual Ragweed
Lantana
Singapore Daisy
Salvinia
Broad leaved pepper
Yellow Bells
Chinese celtis
Small leaved privet
Mother of millions
Cat's Claw creeper
Madiera Vine
Camphor laurel
Hygrophila
Sagittaria
Thunbergia laurifolia
Bitou Bush
Cabomba
Activity type
Spraying
Cut & paint/ frill
Manual removal
Cut & paint & spraying
Table 5:65 Council calendar showing timing and techniques for some invasive plant species
Leucaena leucocephala is a fodder tree that has the potential to invade bushland in Noosa Shire. Although
not a scheduled species under the Biosecurity Act 2014 landowners are encouraged to remove new
incursions from their land. Photo: Qld DAF
5.24.2 Invasive animals
5.2.14.2.1 Management techniques
Invasive animals can be highly mobile, seeking out territories and searching for food and prey. As
for invasive plant controls, Ddifferent techniques are used to control invasive animals depending on
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 27
Section 31
the scale and location of the issue. These will often be used together in an integrated approach, as
rarely will one method alone be successful in reducing the biosecurity risk. Council is guided by
industry best practice and will continue to explore management alternatives that are safe, cost
effective and practical. Council will continue to explore alternatives that are both cost effective and
practical. Methods are summarised in Table 7the table below6.
Method Advantages Disadvantages Examples
Trapping Targeted control Labour intensive, small Pig trapping
targeted areas only,
ineffective for some
species
Baiting Targeted control, Concerns from some Wild dog, pig and fox
through choice and sectors of the control
placement of baitsno community regarding
impact on native species distress to feral animal
and risk to non-target
Cost effective
species
Shooting Targeted control Only where safe in rural Wild deer control
areas, ineffective for
some species
Canid Pest Ejectors Targeted control Concerns from some Wild dog, foxes
(CPEs) sectors of the
community regarding
distress to feral animal
Den fumigation Targeted control Labour intensive Foxes
Fencing Complete exclusion Expensive to build and All feral species
maintain. Some species
damage or can climb
(foxes)
Shifts the problem
elsewhere
Guardian dogs, alpacas, Doesn’t require the use Can be expensive to Wild dogs
llamas and donkeys of poisons or firearms train, purchase and
maintain
Doesn’t reduce feral
animal numbers and
shifts the problem
elsewhere
Table 6:7 Advantages and disadvantages of various pest animal control methods
New management options for feral animals are constantly emerging with new products, techniques
and technologies coming onto the market, with the aim of tackling emerging threats. Council has,
and will continue to trial new technologies as they become available, assessing them for efficacy,
safety, cost effectiveness, and potential off-target impact.
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Case study: Common Myna Acridotheres tristis
Case study: Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis)
The Common Myna was originally introduced to Australia from Asia to control agricultural
pests.
The The Common
Common Myna wasMyna is now introduced
originally widespreadtoand is oftenfrom
Australia seen in urban
Asia areas
to control around Noosa.
agricultural
There is concern that they outcompete native animals for food and nesting hollows.
pests. The Common Myna is now widespread and is often seen in urban areas around Noosa.
Although the Myna is not a scheduled species under the Biosecurity Act 2014, Council has
There is concern that they outcompete native animals for food and nesting hollows.
been helping volunteers to reduce populations through a community trapping program.
Although the Myna is not a scheduled species under the Biosecurity Act 2014, Council has
been helping volunteers to reduce populations through a community trapping program.
Photo: Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
Table 6 Advantages and disadvantages of various pest animal control methods
5.2.24.2.2 Timing of management actions
To maximise management effectiveness, pest animal control is undertaken subject to movement,
breeding and feeding patterns. For example foxes are controlled
Photo:prior
DAFto turtle nesting. Table 87
below depicts the seasonal nature of invasive animal species management.
Photo: Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
Table 7:87 Council calendar for invasive animal species management
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 29
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Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 30 Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 30
Section 34
Research has shown that wild dogs use bushland as a refuge and can significantly impact on koala
populations. Council and the University of Sunshine Coast have developed a proposal to expand
wild dog control efforts towards key koala habitat areas. This will not only help landowners but also
provide further protection to local koala populations.
Map 3: Noosa Koala Habitat Map
Case study: Research into wild dogs and koalas
Research has shown that wild dogs use bushland as a refuge and can significantly impact on koala
populations. Council and the University of Sunshine Coast have developed a proposal to expand
wild dog control efforts towards key koala habitat areas. This will not only help landowners but also
provide further protection to local koala populations.
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5.34.3 Codes of Practice
Biosecurity management actions are guided by the following Codes of Practice, guidelines and
operating procedures.
Organisation Website Resources
Australian Pesticides and https://apvma.gov.au Use of herbicides
Veterinary Medicines Authority
(APVMA)
PestSmart http://www.pestsmart.org.au/anim Standard operating procedures
al-welfare/humane-codes/ for humane control of pest
animals
Australian Government https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/about- Australian code for the care and
us/publications/australian-code- use of animals for scientific
care-and-use-animals-scientific- purposes
purposes
Safe Work Australia https://www.safeworkaustralia.go Material Safety data Sheets
v.au/sds
DAF invasive species fact sheets https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/busine Fact sheets on invasive species
and manuals ss-priorities/biosecurity control
Australian Government https://www.environment.gov.au/ Management of Weeds of
biodiversity/invasive/weeds/mana National significance (WONS)
gement/index.html
Table 8:98 Biosecurity Code of Practice, guidelines, fact sheets and operating procedure
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 32
Section 36
6.5. Information systems
6.15.1 Historic data and information
To better understand the distribution an abundance of invasive species across the shire, previous
pest surveys and customer request data and information has been loaded onto a spatial mapping
layer. This provides a visualisation of invasive species presence across the shire and helps identify
areas that require follow up management actions for staff.
Broad-leaf privet (Ligustrum lucidum)
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 33
Section 37
Map 4: shows invasive species records previously collected across the shire.
6.25.2 Surveys
Council Pest Management Officers undertake inspections on urban and rural properties as part of
an ongoing program of biosecurity surveillance.
6.2.15.2.1 Pest survey program
The Biosecurity Act 2014 gives authority for Pest Management Officers to survey private property
and government land for invasive species. Each quarteryear four localities in rural areas are
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 34
Section 38
selected for surveys. Repeat visits allow for an assessment of the effectiveness of implementation
actions to reduce biosecurity threats.
6.2.25.2.2 Shire wide surveys
To further build knowledge on the distribution and abundance of invasive species, Council has
developed an annual Shire wide random survey program. A randomised survey helps remove bias
from the collection of data which is often in areas of where people reside or travel (e.g. along
roadways). The survey covers both public and private land.
Map 5: Shire wide random survey design for invasive species. In this example 50 new sites are randomly
generated each year for the survey.
6.2.35.2.3 Targeted surveys
Targeted surveys help improve understanding of the distribution and abundance of invasive
species in specific areas such as high biodiversity value ecosystems. This information helps inform
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 35
Section 39
priority management actions. Map 6 shows a random plot design for surveys within saltmarsh and lowland rainforest which are Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs). Map 6:6. Annual Ttargeted random plot surveys within saltmarsh and lowland rainforest (Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs)) Surveys can also be species specific. For example sand plot monitoring can be used to determine the presence of dogs and foxes based on footprints left in sand plots. Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 36
Section 40
Sand plot tracking for feral animals (Photo: PestSmart)
6.35.3 Data collection applications
6.3.15.3.1 ‘Collector App’-Council
Council utilises mobility devices and applications to better support staff in the field. Staff use tablets
or mobile phones with ‘Collector App’ to record invasive species presence and management
response. Sites are re-visited to assess the effectiveness of management controls over time.
Collector App can also be used for targeted citizen science projects to gather more data and
information from residents across the Shire.
Map 7:7. Use of a tablet ‘Collector App’ to collect on ground invasive species data
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 37
Section 41
The Queensland Government Herbarium also has a ‘Weed
Spotter App’ which provides a weed identification service.
Singapore Daisy Sphagneticola trilobata Photo: Qld DAF
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 38
Section 42
Figure 65 Queensland Government Weed Spotter App
7.6. Community engagement
Essential to the success of implementing biosecurity programs is strong community engagement.
The Noosa Biosecurity Plan is promoted through:
Community engagement processes during its development
Displays at public events
Updated websites with links to biosecurity resources
Utilising existing networks to promote the importance of managing biosecurity matters.
8.7. Summary
The Noosa Biosecurity Plan provides Council and community with a framework to manage invasive
animals and plants in a practical and meaningful way. The Plan’s objective is to manage invasive
plant and animal biosecurity risks to people, biodiversity, and the local economy based on priorities
and actions that are practical for all landowners. To help achieve these objectives an
implementation Action Plan guides delivery over the next 5 years. Council appreciates efforts from
landowners and volunteers to help protect Noosa’s values from the threats of invasive plants and
animals.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 39
Section 43
8. Action Plan, Monitoring & EvaluationImplementation Action
Plan
The success of the following Implementation Action Plan will be measured against benchmarks set in the Noosa Environment Strategy 2019:
The success of the Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 will be measured by progress towards the relevant targets identified in the Noosa Environment
Strategy.
Target (from the Noosa Baseline measurement Role of the Noosa Biosecurity Plan
Environment Strategy)
By 2030, there is no net loss of Bushland operational assessments (BOAs) will be Prioritised weed management actions will lead to measurable
ecosystem values across the shire, undertaken, where they do not already exist, across improvement in BOAs in Council-managed reserves.
and the condition of Council’s priority Council-managed restoration initiatives and as
Council supports prioritised weed management on private
priority bushland reserves are identified in the Bushland Reserve Strategic Management
land through education and targeted landholder extension
enhanced. Plan.
programs.
By 2030, populations of key A baseline is to be developed for 6-8 key threatened Threats will be identified and managed for each of the
threatened indicator species remain species based on: identified key threatened species. Management will be
viable. prioritised based on this threat identification (for example,
• Representativeness across biological families
increased wild dog control to support koalas, or weed
• Representativeness across ecosystems management to protect rare plants).
• Iconic value to the Noosa community
• Availability of existing data and records
Depending on the species selected, there may already be
existing data, however a new baseline for some species
will be required.
By 2030, 80% of all grazing land A baseline is to be developed using the ABCD framework Prioritised weed management actions will lead to measurable
achieves best practice and classification for grazing lands. improvement in agricultural areas of the Shire.
management for agriculture.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 40
Section 44
Council supports prioritised weed management on private
land through education and targeted landholder extension
programs.
The Noosa Environment Strategy already identifies many key Implementation Actions that are related to biosecurity matters. The Noosa Environment
Strategy was adopted by Council in June 2019.
Noosa Environment Strategy actions related to biosecurity matters
Activity/project Council’s role Strategies New initiative/ ongoing work Year
Undertake environmental restoration activities Provider 1.1, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, Existing program 1,2,3
throughout Council’s conservation reserves. 4.3
Prepare Bushland Operational Assessments
(BOAs) for Council reserves to monitor the success
of work.
Reduce the threat of priority biosecurity risks, such Partner, educator, provider, 1.1, 1.3, 2.2, 4.3 Existing program 1,2,3
as pest plants and animals, on Council land and regulator
support private landholders to do the same.
Support private landholders to achieve Partner, enabler, educator, 1.2 Existing program expanded 1,2,3
environmental outcomes on their property through funder
an expanded Land for Wildlife and Voluntary
Conservation Agreement Program.
Undertake an urban environmental education Partner, funder 1.2, 1.3 New initiative 2,3
program to improve environmental outcomes for
urban wildlife in strategic locations.
Scope and undertake monitoring programs on Partner, researcher, funder 1.1, 1.3 New initiative 2,3
populations of 6-8 key representative threatened
species, to mitigate against local extinctions.
Implement propagation programs that grow Partner, researcher, provider, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 New initiative 1,2
threatened plant species and result in new funder
populations at appropriate, low-risk locations.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 41
Section 45
Undertake targeted wild dog control in key Koala Partner, provider 1.1, 1.3 Existing program with potential 1,2 existing
Habitat Areas as identified in Koala Threat expansion program,
Mapping. potential
expansion Year
3
Implement an Eastern Beaches dune rehabilitation Partner, funder 1.1, 1.3, 2.2, 4.3 New initiative, enhancing an 1,2,3
program to improve the condition, species diversity existing program
and stability of dune ecosystems and enhance
resilience to climate change.
Support on-ground actions with landholders that Partner, educator, enabler, 1.2, 3.3, 4.2, 4.3 New initiative 1,2,3
improve environmental, economic and social funder
outcomes on rural properties throughout Noosa
while contributing to long-term sustainability of rural
landscapes in the Shire.
This plan also identifies further actions required to support meeting of the outcomes and targets of the Noosa Environment Strategy, as well as
meeting Council’s General Biosecurity Obligation. These are identified with timeframes for actions of short term (within 12 months), medium term (1-2
years) and long-term (2-5 years).
Reporting on the plan will include the status of the outputs of the actions of the Noosa Biosecurity Plan below, as well as progress towards the
outcomes, through the identified targets in the Noosa Environment Strategy.
Theme 1-Biodiversity: BioCondition Benchmarks for Regional Ecosystem Condition Assessment will be undertaken every 5 years for Noosa regional
ecosystems.
Theme 2-Sustainable living: Every 5 years grazing land condition will be assessed.
9.
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 42
Section 46
Further specific implementation actions identified for the Noosa Biosecurity Plan
Reference Action ISuccess indicator/Output Responsibilities FrequencyTimi Resourcing StatusTime
ng frame
Short term-
6mths
Medium
term-
12 months
Long term-
5 years
1 Review Plan Plan review Council Environment Annually Existing budget CommencedO
Services ngoing
2 Regulate Schedule 2 Compliance is achieved by Council Environment As required Existing budget Ongoing
Invasive Biosecurity Matters landholders Services
as per Qld Biosecurity Act
2014
3 Qld Government , Council Invasive species are controlled Council Environment As required Existing budget Ongoing
and private landowners work through Qld Government, Services and private
collaboratively to manage Council and private landowner landowners
targeted biosecurity matters collaboration
on their land
4 Undertake regular landholder 4 rural localities are surveyed Environment Services Quarterly Existing budget Ongoing
surveys for biosecurity each quarter and landholders
matters control invasive species as
required
5 Improve knowledge on the 50 random plot surveys Council Environment Annually New initiative- Not yet
distribution and abundance of inspections per year50 random ServicesEnvironment Within existing startedOngoin
invasive species on a shire- plot survey inspections per Services resources g
wide basis through shire wide year
random plot surveys across
the shire
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 43
Section 47
Further specific implementation actions identified for the Noosa Biosecurity Plan
Reference Action ISuccess indicator/Output Responsibilities FrequencyTimi Resourcing StatusTime
ng frame
Short term-
6mths
Medium
term-
12 months
Long term-
5 years
6 Promote invasive species New invasive species are Environment Services Events-each New initiative- Ongoing
identified for ‘Pprevention’ ‘Pprevented’ from entering September Within existing
and ‘Eeradication’ to Noosa Shire. Weedb Busters resources
landowners through: Week and
- Environmental events S and species identified for Noosa Show
(Noosa Show, Festival of ‘Eeradication’ are removed Day
Water) from shire. Council
- Council Website website
- LfW and Bushcare networks update-March
- Other organisations 2020
(Country Noosa, Landcare) LfW promo-
quarterly
7 Update data and mapping on Council invasive species Environment Services Finite New initiative Not yet
invasive species based on mapping is updated and projectDecembe $10,000 subject to startedShort-
historic CRMs, DA reports, informs priority management r 2020 budget medium term
Ecological Restoration Plans actions considerations
and local knowledge
8 Investigate incentives/rebates Report to Council Environment Services Finite New initiative Not yet
that that would encourage projectJune Within existing startedMediu
landowners to meet 2021 resources m term
biosecurity obligations
9 Participate in SEQ Pest Attendance at forums Environment Services Once every 4 Existing budget Ongoing
Advisory Forum (SEQPAF) months
and attend meetings
Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 44
Section 48
Further specific implementation actions identified for the Noosa Biosecurity Plan
Reference Action ISuccess indicator/Output Responsibilities FrequencyTimi Resourcing StatusTime
ng frame
Short term-
6mths
Medium
term-
12 months
Long term-
5 years
10 Review wild dog control Wild dog control is undertaken Environment Services Finite USC work Commenced
program in relation to koala in areas which demonstrate a projectJune placement program July
habitat areas benefit for both landowners 2020 2019Short-
and koalas medium term
11 Contribute to Biosecurity Funds support administration Environment Services Annual $23,000 allocated Ongoing
Queensland Land Protection and research into managing per annum
Fund-On-ground works and biosecurity matters
research as a requirement of
the Biosecurity Act 2014
12 Climate change pressures Invasive species prioritisation Environment Services Annual Existing budget Ongoing
are considered with invasive table is updated based on
species management climate change predictive tools
13 Continue to explore emerging A suitable alternative is Environment Services Annual Existing budget Ongoing
technologies and techniques adopted to reduce the use of
for invasive species chemical controlNew
management techniques, technologies and techniques
including alternatives to are trialled for efficacy in
chemical controls Noosa.
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10.9. Appendicesx 10.19.1 Invasive species list Biosecurity Act 2014 Schedule 1, Part 3 Invasive biosecurity matters - invasive plants acacias non-indigenous to Australia (Acaciella spp., Mariosousa spp., Senegalia spp. and Vachellia spp. other than Vachellia nilotica, Vachellia farnesiana) anchored water hyacinth (Eichhornia azurea) annual thunbergia (Thunbergia annua) bitterweed (Helenium amarum) candleberry myrtle (Morella faya) cholla cactus (Cylindropuntia spp. and hybrids other than C. fulgida, C. imbricata, C. prolifera, C. rosea, C. spinosior and C. tunicata) WONS Christ’s thorn (Ziziphus spina-christi) Eurasian water milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) fanworts (Cabomba spp. other than C. caroliniana) floating water chestnuts (Trapa spp.) harrisia cactus (Harrisia spp. syn. Eriocereus spp. other than H. martinii, H. tortuosa and H. pomanensis syn. Cereus pomanensis) honey locust (Gleditsia spp. other than G. triacanthos) horsetails (Equisetum spp.) kochia (Bassia scoparia syn. Kochia scoparia) lagarosiphon (Lagarosiphon major) mesquites (all Prosopis spp. and hybrids other than P. glandulosa, P. pallida and P. velutina) WONS Mexican bean tree (all Cecropia spp. other than C. pachystachya, C. palmata and C. peltata) miconia (Miconia spp. other than M. calvescens, M. cionotricha, M. nervosa and M. racemosa) mikania (Mikania spp. other than M. micrantha) Peruvian primrose bush (Ludwigia peruviana) prickly pear (Opuntia spp. other than O. aurantiaca, O. elata, O. ficus-indica, O. microdasys, O. monacantha, O. stricta, O. streptacantha and O. tomentosa) red sesbania (Sesbania punicea) salvinias (Salvinia spp. other than S. molesta) WONS serrated tussock (Nassella trichotoma) WONS Siam weed (Chromolaena spp. other than C. odorata and C. squalida) spiked pepper (Piper aduncum) tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) water soldiers (Stratiotes aloides) witch weeds (Striga spp. other than native species) Schedule 1, Part 4 Invasive biosecurity matters - invasive animals All amphibians, mammals and reptiles other than the following — amphibians, mammals and reptiles that are restricted matter amphibians, mammals and reptiles indigenous to Australia, including marine mammals of the orders Cetacea, Pinnipedia and Sirenia alpaca (Lama pacos) Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 46
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asian house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus) axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) bison or American buffalo (Bison bison) black rat (Rattus rattus) camel (Camelus dromedarius) cane toad (Rhinella marina syn. Bufo marinus) cat (Felis catus and Prionailurus bengalensis x Felis catus) cattle (Bos spp.) chital (axis) deer (Axis axis) dog (Canis lupus familiaris) donkey (Equus asinus) European hare (Lepus europaeus) fallow deer (Dama dama) goat (Capra hircus) guanicoe (Lama guanicoe) guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) horse (Equus caballus) house mouse (Mus musculus) llama (Lama glama) mule (Equus caballus x Equus asinus) pig (Sus scrofa) red deer (Cervus elaphus) rusa deer (Rusa timorensis syn. Cervus timorensis) sewer rat (Rattus norvegicus) sheep (Ovis aries) water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Schedule 2 Invasive biosecurity matters-restricted matter and categories Grey highlight - Recorded in Noosa Shire. Yellow highlight – In adjoining Shire but not in Noosa yet WONS-Weeds of National Significance African boxthorn (Lycium ferocissimum) WONS 3 African fountain grass (Cenchrus setaceum) 3 African tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata) 3 alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) WONS 3 annual ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) 3 asparagus fern (Asparagus aethiopicus, A. africanus and A. plumosus) 3 WONS asparagus fern (Asparagus scandens) WONS 3 athel pine (Tamarix aphylla) WONS 3 badhara bush (Gmelina elliptica) 3 balloon vine (Cardiospermum grandiflorum) 3 belly-ache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia and hybrids) WONS 3 bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundifolia) WONS 2,3,4,5 blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans, Rubus fruticosus aggregate) WONS 3 boneseed (Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera) WONS 2,3,4,5 bridal creeper (Asparagus asparagoides) 2,3,4,5 bridal veil (Asparagus declinatus) 3 broad-leaved pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius) 3 Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 47
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cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana) WONS 3 camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) 3 candyleaf (Stevia ovata) 3 cane cactus (Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica) 3 cat’s claw creeper (Dolichandra unguis-cati) WONS 3 Chilean needle grass (Nassella neesiana) WONS 3 chinee apple (Ziziphus mauritiana) 3 Chinese celtis (Celtis sinensis) 3 cholla cacti with the following names— • coral cactus (Cylindropuntia fulgida) 3 • devil’s rope pear (C. imbricata) 3 • Hudson pear (Cylindropuntia rosea and C. tunicata) 2,3,4,5 • jumping cholla (C. prolifera) 2,3,4,5 • snake cactus (C. spinosior) 3 Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia spp. other than native species) 3 elephant ear vine (Argyreia nervosa) 3 Eve’s pin cactus (Austrocylindropuntia subulata) 3 fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) WONS 3 flax-leaf broom (Genista linifolia) WONS 3 gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) WONS 3 giant sensitive plant (Mimosa diplotricha var. diplotricha) 3 gorse (Ulex europaeus) WONS 3 groundsel bush (Baccharis halimifolia) 3 harrisia cactus (Harrisia martinii, H. tortuosa and H. 3 pomanensis syn. Cereus pomanensis) harungana (Harungana madagascariensis) 3 honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos including cultivars and varieties) 3 hygrophila (Hygrophila costata) 3 hymenachne or olive hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulis and 3 hybrids) WONS Koster’s curse (Clidemia hirta) 2,3,4,5 kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata, P. triloba other than 3 in the Torres Strait Islands) lantanas— • creeping lantana (Lantana montevidensis) 3 • lantana, common lantana (Lantana camara) WONS 3 limnocharis, yellow burrhead (Limnocharis flava) 2,3,4,5 Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia) WONS 3 Madras thorn (Pithecellobium dulce) 2,3,4,5 mesquites— • honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) WONS 3 • mesquite or algarroba (Prosopis pallida) WONS 3 • Quilpie mesquite (Prosopis velutina) WONS 3 Mexican bean tree (Cecropia pachystachya, C. palmata and C. peltata) 2,3,4,5 Mexican feather grass (Nassella tenuissima) 2,3,4,5 miconia with the following names— • Miconia calvescens 2,3,4,5 • M. cionotricha 2,3,4,5 • M. nervosa 2,3,4,5 • M. racemosa 2,3,4,5 mikania vine (Mikania micrantha) 2,3,4,5 mimosa pigra (Mimosa pigra) WONS 2,3,4,5 Montpellier broom (Genista monspessulana) WONS 3 Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 48
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mother of millions (Bryophyllum delagoense syn. B. tubiflorum, Kalanchoe 3 delagoensis) mother of millions hybrid (Bryophyllum x houghtonii) 3 ornamental gingers— • Kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) 3 • white ginger (H. coronarium) 3 • yellow ginger (H. flavescens) 3 parkinsonia (Parkinsonia aculeata) WONS 3 parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) WONS 3 pond apple (Annona glabra) WONS 3 prickly acacia (Vachellia nilotica) WONS 3 prickly pears— • bunny ears (Opuntia microdasys) WONS 2,3,4,5 • common pest pear, spiny pest pear (O. stricta syn. O. inermis) WONS 3 • drooping tree pear (O. monacantha syn. O. vulgaris) WONS 3 • prickly pear (O. elata) WONS 2,3,4,5 • tiger pear (O. aurantiaca) WONS 3 • velvety tree pear (O. tomentosa) WONS 3 • Westwood pear (O. streptacantha) WONS 3 privets— • broad-leaf privet, tree privet (Ligustrum lucidum) 3 • small-leaf privet, Chinese privet (L. sinense) 3 rat’s tail grasses— • American rat’s tail grass (Sporobolus jacquemontii) 3 • giant Parramatta grass (S. fertilis) 3 • giant rat’s tail grass (S. pyramidalis and S. natalensis) 3 rubber vines— • ornamental rubber vine (Cryptostegia madagascariensis) 3 • rubber vine (C. grandiflora) WONS 3 sagittaria (Sagittaria platyphylla) WONS 3 salvinia (Salvinia molesta) WONS 3 Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) WONS 3 Senegal tea (Gymnocoronis spilanthoides) 3 Siam weed with the following names— • Chromolaena odorata 3 • C. squalida 3 sicklepods— • foetid cassia (Senna tora) 3 • hairy cassia (S. hirsuta) 3 • sicklepod (S. obtusifolia) 3 silver-leaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) 3 Singapore daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata syn. Wedelia trilobata) 3 telegraph weed (Heterotheca grandiflora) 3 thunbergia (Thunbergia grandiflora syn. T. laurifolia) 3 tobacco weed (Elephantopus mollis) 3 water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) WONS 3 water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) 3 water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea and N. Plena) 2,3,4,5 willows (all Salix spp. other than S. 3 babylonica, S. x calodendron and S. x reichardtii) WONS yellow bells (Tecoma stans) 3 yellow oleander, Captain Cook tree (Cascabela thevetia syn. Thevetia 3 peruviana) Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 49
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Invasive animals barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) 2,3,4,5,6 blackbuck antelope (Antilope cervicapra) 2,3,4,5,6 cat (Felis catus and Prionailurus bengalensis x Felis catus), other than a 3,4,6 domestic cat dingo (Canis lupus dingo) 3,4,5,6 dog (Canis lupus familiaris), other than a domestic dog 3,4,6 European fox (Vulpes vulpes) 3,4,5,6 European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 3,4,5,6 feral chital (axis) deer (Axis axis) 3,4,6 feral fallow deer (Dama dama) 3,4,6 feral goat (Capra hircus) 3,4,6 feral pig (Sus scrofa) 3,4,6 feral red deer (Cervus elaphus) 3,4,6 hog deer (Axis porcinus) 2,3,4,5,6 red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) 2,3,4,5,6 feral rusa deer (Rusa timorensis, syn. Cervus timorensis) 3,4,6 sambar deer (Rusa unicolor, syn. Cervus unicolor) 2,3,4,5,6 Tramp ants yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) 3 Non-scheduled invasive species (mostly environmental weeds): There are hundreds of invasive species in Noosa Shire that are not scheduled under the BBiosecurity Act 2014. Some examples are shown below (. Ssource: Noosa’s Worst Weeds, Noosa Integrated Catchment Association (NICA)). Common name Scientific name Archer axillaris Macrotyloma axillare var. axillare Cadaghi Corymbia torrelliana Cocus palm Syragrus romanzoffiana Duranta Duranta repens Easter cassia Senna pendula var. glabrata Fishbone fren Nephrolepis cordifolia Gloriosa Lily Gloriosa superba Glycine Neonotonia wightii Impatiens Impatiens spp. Mickey mouse plant Ochna serrulata Mile-a-minute Ipomoea cairica Morning glory Ipomoea indica Setaeria Setaria sphacelate Silver-leaved Desmodium Desmodium uncinatum Siratro Macroptilium atropurpureum Slash pine Pinus spp. Umbrella tree Schefflera actinophylla Noosa Biosecurity Plan 2020 Page 50
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10.29.2 Useful websites on invasive species
Biosecurity Qld fact sheets https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/business-priorities/biosecurity
Marcus Beach Bushland Association https://mbba.org.au/our-worst-weeds/
Noosa & District Landcare https://noosalandcare.org/
Noosa Council https://www.noosa.qld.gov.au/weed-management
Noosa Council https://www.noosa.qld.gov.au/pest-animals
Noosa Parks Association-Botany Group https://noosaparks.org.au/botany-group/
Noosa Native Plants http://noosasnativeplants.com.au
Qld Government Weed Spotters Network
https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/plants/herbarium/weeds/weed-spotters
Weed Society of Qld, http://www.wsq.org.au/
Weeds of the Sunshine Coast https://noosariver.com.au/weeds-of-the-sunshine-coast/
Bitou bush Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. Rotundifoli
Photo: Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
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