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Stormwater Management Plan - Rev 1
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Log in to see the plans as drawn PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
The SPELFilter system removes contaminants from stormwater runoff via media filtration. This Technical and
Design Manual describes the principles by which the SPELFilter system works to improve the quality of the
environment throughout the United States.
MEDIA FILTRATION
Media filtration has long been used in drinking water and wastewater treatment processes. This technology has
proven effective at removing sediments, nutrients, heavy metals, and a wide variety of organic contaminants. The
target pollutants, hydraulic retention time, filter media, pretreatment, and flow rate all affect the removal efficiency of
the filter.
MECHANISMS OF REMOVAL
The SPELFilter removes pollutants from water by two mechanisms: 1) interception/attachment and 2) adsorption.
Interception occurs when a pollutant becomes trapped within the filter media. A sediment particle, for example, may
be carried into the filter media by the water and become stuck in the interstices of the media. Such a particle will
typically remain trapped within the media until the media is removed or the filter is backwashed.
Attachment occurs when pollutants bind themselves to the surface of the filter media, and this happens primarily
through adsorption. Adsorption is a surface process by which dissolved ions are removed from a solution and
chemically bind themselves to the surface of the media. This occurs when the surface of the filter media particle
contains sites that are chemically attractive to the dissolved ions. The SPELFilter system uses a proprietary media
containing activated alumina, zeolite and pearlite to enhance adsorption of anions such as phosphates and nitrogen
(ammonia and organic).
THE SPEL FILTER CARTRIDGE
The main building block of the SPELFilter stormwater filtration system is the SPELFilter cartridge (SFC), shown in
Figure 1. The SFCs are housed in a structure which may be a vault, manhole or other structure. This structure
contains the inlet and outlet pipes as well as an internal manifold that delivers treated water to the outlet of the
SPELFilter system.
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