220239 - 44 Williams Road, KIN KIN - Site Classification Report

         Term                                                                            Description
                      Cohesive soils; hard and friable or powdery, well dry of plastic limit.
          Dry
                      Granular soils; cohesionless and free-running
                      Soil feels cool, darkened in colour.
         Moist        Cohesive soils can be moulded.
                      Granular soils tend to cohere.
                      Soil feels cool, darkened in colour.
          Wet         Cohesive soils usually weakened and free water forms on hands when handling.
                      Granular soils tend to cohere and free water forms on hands when handling.

Consistency of Cohesive Soils: May be estimated using simple field tests, or described in terms of a strength scale. In the field, the undrained shear
strength (su) can be assessed using a simple field tool appropriate for cohesive soils, in conjunction with the relevant calibration. Refer to AS 1726-1993,
Table A4.

                                 Consistency - Essentially Cohesive Soils                                                            Soil Particle Sizes

                                                                SPT        Undrained         Unconfined
                                                                              Shear          Compressive
   Term                  Field Guide               Symbol       “N”                                                           Term                  Size Range
                                                                             Strength          Strength
                                                               Value         su (kPa)          qu (kPa)

                  Oozes between fingers                                                                               BOULDERS                                >200 mm
  Very soft       when squeezed in hand.              VS         0-2             <12             <25                  COBBLES                                63-200 mm
                                                                                                                      Coarse GRAVEL                           20-63 mm
                  Easily moulded with
       Soft       fingers.                            S          2-4            12-25           25-50                 Medium GRAVEL                            6-20 mm
                                                                                                                      Fine GRAVEL                            2.36-6 mm
                  Can be moulded by strong                                                                            Coarse SAND                           0.6-2.36 mm
    Firm          pressure of fingers.                F          4-8            25-50           50-100                Medium SAND                            0.2-0.6 mm
                                                                                                                      Fine SAND                            0.075-0.2 mm
       Stiff                                          St         8-15           50-100         100-200                SILT                           0.002-0.075 mm
                                                                                                                      CLAY                                <0.002 mm
                  Not possible to mould with
  Very stiff      fingers.                            VSt       15-30          100-200         200-400


                  Can be indented with
    Hard          difficulty by thumb nail.           H          >30            >200          >400


Note: SPT - N to qu correlation from Terzaghi and Peck, 1967. (General guide only).

Consistency of Non-Cohesive Soils: Is described in terms of the density index, as defined in AS 1289.0-2000. This can be assessed using a field tool
appropriate for non-cohesive soils, in conjunction with the relevant calibration. Refer to AS 1726-1993, Table A5; BS5930-1999, p117.
                                                      Consistency - Essentially Non-Cohesive Soils

               Term                      Symbol                    SPT N Value                            Field Guide                        Density Index (%)

  Very loose                                  VL                         0-4                         Foot imprints readily                          0-15

  Loose                                       L                          4-10                           Shovels Easily                             15-35

  Medium dense                                MD                        10-30                          Shovelling difficult                        35-65

  Dense                                       D                         30-50                            Pick required                             65-85

  Very dense                                  VD                         >50                            Picking difficult                          85-100


Standard Penetration Test (SPT): Refer to. AS 1289.6.3.1-2004. Example report formats for SPT results are shown below:


  Test Report                     Penetration Resistance (N)            Explanation / Comment

  4, 7, 11                        N=18                                  Full penetration; N is reported on engineering borehole log
  18, 27, 32                      N=59                                  Full penetration; N is reported on engineering borehole log
  4, 18, 30/15 mm                 N is not reported                     30 blows causes less than 100 mm penetration (3rd interval) – test discontinued
  30/80 mm                        N is not reported                     30 blows causes less than 100 mm penetration (1st interval) – test discontinued
  rw                              N<1                                   Rod weight only causes full penetration
  hw                              N<1                                   Hammer and rod weight only causes full penetration
  hb                              N is not reported                     Hammer bouncing for 5 consecutive blows with no measurable penetration – test
                                                                        discontinued