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BUSHFIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT 14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads 7 October 2022 Litoria Consulting PO Box 461 Paddington Qld 4064 Level 3/22 Wandoo Street Fortitude Valley Q 4006 T 07 3852 4855 [email protected] litoria.com.au
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
DOCUMENT ISSUE & COPYRIGHT NOTICE
Title: Bushfire Hazard Assessment
Client: Calile Malouf Investments Pty Ltd
Date: 7 October 2022
Version: 1.0
Distribution: Cal Malouf & Michael Malouf, XYZ Pty Ltd
Andrew Stevens, Project Urban
© Copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022)
This document is the property of Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd. This document and the information contained in it are
solely for the use of the authorised recipient and, other than fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research,
criticism, or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, this document may not be used, copied or reproduced in
whole or part for any purpose other than that for which it was supplied by Litoria Consulting.
Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd makes no representation, undertakes no duty and accepts no responsibility to any third
party who may use or rely upon this document or the information contained in it. If a third party uses or relies on the
facts, content, opinions or subject matter contained in this report with or without the consent of Litoria Consulting
Pty Ltd, Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd disclaims all risk and the Third Party assumes all risk and releases and indemnifies
and agrees to keep indemnified Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd from any loss, damage, claim or liability arising directly or
indirectly from the use of or reliance on this report.
This report may contain general information about legal matters. The information is not legal advice and should not
be treated as such. You must not rely on the information on this report as an alternative to legal advice from your
solicitor or other professional legal services provider. If you have any specific questions about any legal matter you
should consult your solicitor or other professional legal services provider.
This report may contain general information about building work made assessable under the Building Act 1975
(Qld), including Bushfire Attack Levels (BAL). Information relating to BAL contained in the report is for planning
purposes only and does not constitute an assessment of BAL for the purposes of the National Construction Code or
a building application under the Building Act 1975 (Qld). It should not be relied upon for building approval purposes.
Copyright & Limited Liability Notice:
Parts of this document contain material originally prepared by:
● Noosa Shire Council,
● Queensland Fire and Emergency Services,
● Standards Australia,
● State of Queensland.
This material remains the intellectual property and copyright of each of the respective parties. Litoria Consulting Pty
Ltd accepts no liability for the quality of the information obtained from the respective parties that is contained in
the report. Nothing in this legal disclaimer will limit any of our liabilities in any way that is not permitted under
applicable law, or exclude any of our liabilities that may not be excluded under applicable law.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
CONTENTS
1 Introduction 3
2 Approved development 5
3 Proposed Development 6
4 Bushfire Hazard 7
5 Regulatory Framework 9
5.1 State Planning Policy 9
5.2 Noosa Plan 2020 11
6 Methods 13
6.1 Inputs 14
6.1.1 Vegetation Hazard Class and Fuel Load 14
6.1.2 Landscape Slope 17
6.1.3 Fire Weather Severity 17
6.2 Model 18
6.2.1 Patch and Corridor Filtering 18
6.2.2 Potential Fireline Intensity 18
6.2.3 Radiant Heat Flux 19
7 Results 21
7.1 Bushfire Behaviour 21
7.2 Radiant Heat Flux 22
7.3 Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code 23
8 Summary 24
9 References 26
Appendix 1: Plan of Development 28
Appendix 2: Vegetation Hazard Class Survey 29
Appendix 3: Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code 35
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1 INTRODUCTION
The following Bushfire Hazard Assessment (BHA) has been prepared by Litoria Consulting
on behalf of Calile Malouf Investments for land described as 14 Serenity Close, Noosa
Heads Qld (Lots 10 and 11 on SP 195871) (the subject land). Figure 1 (Map 1) shows an aerial
photo of the site.
The Bushfire Hazard Assessment has been prepared as part of an application to change an
existing approval (Council Application Ref.: 132008.176.03, dated 9 February 2017).
The purpose of the BHA was to:
i. Identify and measure site-specific factors which contribute to bushfire hazard,
ii. Assess the extent of bushfire prone areas (post-development) and calculate:
a. Potential fire intensity (PFI, kW/m),
b. Radiant heat flux (kW/m2).
c. For development within areas of potential fireline intensity or the potential
impact buffer (100m), assess Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) in accordance
with Australian Standard 3959:2018 Construction of buildings in bushfire-
prone areas (AS 3959:2018).
iii. Where applicable, identify management measures to achieve compliance with the
hazard and risk outcomes sought by:
a. State Planning Policy (SPP),
b. Noosa Plan (2020).
The BHA has been prepared generally in accordance with the State Planning Policy and
relevant Noosa Plan requirements.
The report is divided into the following sections:
● Proposed development;
● Overview of bushfire hazard;
● Regulatory framework;
● Methods;
● Results; and,
● Summary of assessment findings and recommendations.
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FIGURE 1: RECTIFIED DIGITAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SITE (NEARMAP 2022).
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2 APPROVED DEVELOPMENT
The is a Resort Development comprising Multiple Dwelling (109 Dwelling Units) and
Accommodation Building (90 Accommodation Units) and Ancillary Facilities.
An extract from the approved plans is shown in Figure 2.
FIGURE 2: EXTRACT FROM APPROVED PLAN - SITE PLAN LEVEL 1 LOWER GROUND LEVEL A-
SD-1.101 G, DATED 25 AUGUST 2009, PREPARED BY DBI DESIGN.
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3 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
The subject land is located within the Noosa Shire Council local government area and is
subject to the provisions of Noosa Plan (2020). Under the scheme, the land is zoned
Tourist Accommodation and also Environmental Management and Conservation.
The proposed development is for a Resort complex with ancillary retail. The development
comprises resort accommodation, with 178 rooms, 11 suites and 15 villas; resort facilities,
including restaurants, function rooms, indoor and outdoor recreation, well-being and open
space areas; and resort retail.
The proposed development footprint is shown in Figure 3.
FIGURE 3: PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT (SOURCE: RICHARDS AND SPENCE ARCHITECTS SD-A-01-
01-G - SD-A-01-06-G; ALTA PROJECTS A6769-22-PEW01).
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4 BUSHFIRE HAZARD
Bushfire prone areas in Queensland are identified, mapped and categorised as a function
of potential fireline intensity (kW/m). Potential fireline intensity is a function of fire
weather severity (FFDI), landscape slope and fuel load based on classified vegetation
communities according to the method described by Leonard et al. (2014) (Refer to Figure
4).
Fire Fireline
Potential
Slope Weather Intensity
fuel load
Severity (PFI)
FIGURE 4: METHOD FOR CALCULATION OF POTENTIAL FIRELINE INTENSITY (PFI) (LEONARD ET
AL. 2014).
Areas of potential fireline intensity include potentially hazardous vegetation that could
support a significant bushfire or be subject to significant bushfire attack. It includes
potentially hazardous vegetation with a Medium (4,000 – 20,000 kW/m), High (20,000 –
40,000 kW/m) or Very High (40,000+ kW/m) Potential Bushfire Intensity. Bushfires in
these areas have the potential for high to extreme levels of flame attack, radiant heat and
ember attack. Land adjacent to bushfire prone areas is also at risk of significant bushfire
attack from embers, flames or radiant heat. The latter are identified as potential impact
buffer areas and include all land within 100m of areas mapped as Medium, High or Very
High Potential Bushfire Intensity. Together, the areas of potential fireline intensity and
potential impact buffer form bushfire prone areas.
Vegetated parts of the landscape which support fireline intensities of less than 4,000
kW/m are categorised as grassfire prone areas or low hazard areas (e.g. rainforest or
water or non-vegetated urban areas).
The SPP methodology was developed to overcome limitations of the approach adopted
by the previous State Planning Policy (SPP 1/03), including the failure to consider regional
differences in fire weather severity, effective slope and the diversity of vegetation types
and fuel loads across Queensland (Leonard and Blanchi 2012). The new methodology
estimates the potential fireline intensity at the landscape scale. Fireline intensity is a
standardised measure of the rate that an advancing head fire would consume fuel energy
per unit time per unit length fire front (Byram 1959). As noted by Leonard et al. (2014), the
benefits of utilising fireline intensity as the principal measure of bushfire hazard, is that it
can also be used to estimate the potential flame length (e.g. Alexander and Cruz 2012)
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and radiant heat flux based on distance from hazardous vegetation. Radiant heat flux can
then be used to determine:
● minimum separation distance from hazardous vegetation needed to afford safety
levels to people and/or buildings (Zarate et al. 2008; Newnham et al. 2013), and
● estimates of Bushfire Attack Level (Standards Australia 2018), which can provide a
connection between landscape scale bushfire metrics and site level decisions for
building design.
The new methodology also excludes extraneous variables such as an ambiguous
weighting of hazard according to topographic aspect. The improved hazard assessment
methodology provides for more accurate identification of bushfire prone areas and the
potential severity of bushfires — providing the basis for planning and development
strategies which are proportional to the level of bushfire hazard.
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5 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
Management of bushfire hazard in Queensland is considered an integral component of
land use planning and development decisions given the potential significant impact on
people, social wellbeing, property, the economy, the environment and infrastructure.
There are two (2) bushfire hazard planning instruments considered as part of this BHA
that regulate development to avoid and mitigate potential impacts associated with
bushfire hazard, namely:
● State Planning Policy (SPP) under the Planning Act 2016 (Qld); and,
● Noosa Plan (2020).
5.1 STATE PLANNING POLICY
The SPP identifies the Queensland Government’s policies about matters of state interest in
land use planning and development (Department of Infrastructure Local Government and
Planning 2017). The SPP is a broad and comprehensive statutory planning instrument
which sits above regional plans, standard planning scheme provisions and local
government planning schemes within the hierarchy of planning instruments outlined in the
Planning Act 2016 (Qld).
The SPP identifies the State interest in relation to bushfire hazard planning and
management outcomes for development in bushfire prone areas. It sets out, inter alia,
development assessment requirements for certain applications where a local planning
scheme has not yet appropriately integrated the SPP and includes a State-wide map of
bushfire prone areas. The SPP map of bushfire prone areas (SPP map) is based on
modelled potential fireline intensity according to the method described by Leonard et al.
(2014) The SPP identifies land that could support a significant bushfire or be subject to
significant bushfire attack. It includes areas of hazardous vegetation with a Very High,
High or Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity, together with land within 100m of bushfire
prone areas as a potential impact buffer. The potential impact buffer identifies land that
may be subject to significant flame attack, radiant heat or ember attack. Research
indicates that not only does a very high intensity bushfire have the potential to cause
injury from radiant heat exposure up to 100m away, but over 80% of housing loss and
human life loss occurs within 100m of bushland (Leonard et al. 2014). Figure 5 (Map 2)
indicates the SPP map for the site (Department of Infrastructure Local Government and
Planning 2020).
The SPP is supported by the State Planning Policy – state interest guidance material.
Natural hazards, risk and resilience - Bushfire (SPP Guidance Material) (Department of
State Development Manufacturing Infrastructure and Planning 2019) and a technical
manual: Bushfire Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019)
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which provides an overview of the method for undertaking bushfire hazard assessment as
per Leonard et al. (2014).
FIGURE 5: EXCERPT FROM STATE PLANNING POLICY STATE-WIDE MAP OF BUSHFIRE PRONE
AREAS (DEPARTMENT OF STATE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND
PLANNING 2021).
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5.2 NOOSA PLAN 2020
Noosa Plan 2020 identifies areas subject to bushfire hazard on the Bushfire Hazard
Overlay. An extract from the Bushfire Hazard Overlay map for the site is indicated in
Figure 6 (Map 3).
Certain assessable development in areas subject to the Bushfire Hazard Overlay requires
assessment against the Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code. The purpose of the Bushfire Hazard
Overlay is to, inter alia, to ensure that development avoids or mitigates the potential
adverse impacts of bushfire on people, property, economic activity and the environment.
The purpose is achieved by ensuring that development does not expose people and
property to an unacceptable risk of bushfire attack and, where applicable, provide
treatments which reduce bushfire risk and provide for a safe environment for emergency
services. Amongst other things, Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code requires the preparation of
a site-specific bushfire hazard assessment and management plan, prepared in accordance
with Planning Scheme Policy 8 – Natural Hazards (PSP). The PSP requires that the level of
bushfire hazard shown on the Bushfire Hazard Overlay Map be confirmed via assessment
of predicted bushfire behaviour including calculation of predicted fire intensity and rate of
spread using McArthur’s equation and radiant heat flux using a recognised model such as
the View Factor Model. The PSP indicates calculations should be based on a forest fire
danger index (FFDI) of 50 and maximum predicted fuel loads to determine appropriate
setbacks.
The current State guidance material for bushfire hazard which is set out in Bushfire
Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019) utilises a
quantitative method as per Leonard et al. (2014) which predicts actual fire behaviour
including calculation of predicted fire intensity and rate of spread using a modified version
of McArthur’s equation. The latter is generally consistent with the PSP and to the extent
that there are any inconsistences, Bushfire Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and
Emergency Services 2019) approach 1 is preferred because it provides an actual estimate
of fire behaviour, rather than a qualitative estimate of potential hazard; providing a basis
for improved decision-making regarding the likelihood and severity of bushfire attack (i.e.
risk assessment).
The following section of the report provides an overview of the methodology used to
assess bushfire hazard, including quantitative measurement of fire intensity and, where
necessary, radiant heat flux.
1 Leonard et al. 2014
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FIGURE 6: EXCERPT FROM NOOSA PLAN 2006 NATURAL HAZARDS OVERLAY (COUNCIL 2006)
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6 METHODS
Bushfire prone areas in Queensland are identified, mapped and categorised as a function
of potential fireline intensity (kW/m). Potential fireline intensity can be calculated and
mapped spatially as a function of three inputs according to the method described by
Leonard et al. (2014) (Refer to Figure 4):
i. Fuel load based on vegetation hazard classes,
ii. Maximum landscape slope, and,
iii. Fire weather severity
The method described by Leonard et al. (2014) utilises a modified version of the McArthur
Equation (McArthur 1967; Noble et al. 1980). Hazard assessment should incorporate both
the development footprint and all land within 150 metres of the development footprint
(site assessment area) (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019). Where
development involves or proposes changes to the configuration of vegetation within the
site assessment area, the re-modelling of bushfire behaviour is necessary.
Modelling of potential fireline intensity should incorporate the effects of the proposed
development on the configuration of vegetation within the site assessment area including:
• all necessary clearing to support the development and infrastructure, and,
• all requirements for revegetation, landscaping or environmental offsets.
Modelling potential fireline intensity utilised a combination of desktop and field methods,
including geoprocessing of spatial inputs and modelling of bushfire hazard according to
the process described in Bushfire Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency
Services 2019). The modelling included the following measures of fire behaviour:
i. Potential bushfire fireline intensity (PFI, kW/m), and
ii. Radiant heat flux/Bushfire Attack Level (kW/m2/BAL) according to the View
Factor Method described in AS 3959:2018 using the SPP Bushfire Asset Protection
Zone Width Calculator (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019).
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6.1 INPUTS
Fire behaviour modelling was carried out via GIS spatial modelling using rasterised inputs 2
described by Leonard et al. (2014):
i. Fuel load based on a combination site-based survey and desktop assessment of
vegetation hazard class.
ii. Maximum landscape slope.
iii. Fire weather severity/FFDI.
6.1.1 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS AND FUEL LOAD
Fuel load was derived from an estimate of potential fuel load (tonnes/ha) for 25 grouped
vegetation hazard classes (VHCs). VHCs have been categorised from a combination of
regional ecosystem maps, pre-clearing regional ecosystem maps (where no remnant
vegetation is mapped), foliage projection cover maps, land use maps, water body maps,
air photo interpretation (API) and tree plantation maps (Leonard et al. 2014). Map 4 and
Map 5 (attached) show the SPP VHCs and SPP potential fuel loads for the site assessment
area, respectively.
As the proposed development involves changes to the configuration of vegetation within
the site assessment area, a post-development map of VHCs was necessary. The post-
development map incorporated:
i. the proposed development footprint,
ii. landscaping and rehabilitation outcomes proposed as part of the development of
the land, including the effects of revegetation,
iii. other differences between VHCs observed from a combination site-based survey
and desktop methods.
VHCs were assessed at several locations within the 150m site assessment area (Refer to
Map 6 and Appendix 2). VHCs within the site assessment area were determined in
accordance with Bushfire Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency
Services 2019) using a combination of:
i. Quaternary botanical survey according to Neldner et al. (2012);
ii. Current regional ecosystem mapping 3; and,
2 VHC/fuel load, maximum landscape slope and fire weather severity input rasters can be accessed via the
Queensland Government Information Service (http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds/).
3Department of Environment and Science (2021). Biodiversity status of remnant regional ecosystems v12.0.
Queensland Herbarium. Brisbane, State of Queensland..
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iii. API using current 4, high-resolution 5, rectified aerial photography.
The modelled VHCs for the subject land reflect the proposed development i.e. ultimate
land use and including VHCs associated with proposed vegetation retention and/or
landscape treatments, where applicable (Refer to Map 6).
Where observations indicated that the observed VHC differed from the mapped VHC, the
classification or extent of VHC was altered to reflect the observed or post-development
vegetation community and the potential fuel load which corresponded with that VHC (c.f.
Map 4 and 6). Non-forest vegetation hazard classes associated with rural and urban areas
were categorised according to a combination of foliage projection cover maps, land use
maps and air photo interpretation (API), with supplementary site-based survey to confirm
desktop mapping. The results of the site-based survey of VHCs is contained in Appendix 2.
Results of the VHC assessment indicated, the following differences between SPP VHC map
and modelled VHCs:
● The proposed development footprint, together with adjacent medium density
buildings at Serenity Close were mapped as VHC 42.6 Nil to very low vegetation
cover (2 tonnes per hectare) consistent with medium-high density residential areas.
The latter is a non-bushfire prone VHC and does not contribute to bushfire hazard
(Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019).
● Areas of cultivated gardens comprised of native and exotic species associated with
existing development at Serenity Close were generally consistent with VHC 39.2 Low
to moderate tree cover in built-up areas (8 tonnes per hectare). The latter is a non-
bushfire prone VHC and does not contribute to bushfire hazard (Queensland Fire
and Emergency Services 2019).
● The proposed development incorporates tree retention within a managed landscape,
including stormwater infiltration pits, within the area to the south of the building.
The area is to be comprised of canopy trees characteristic of the preclearing
regional ecosystem (RE 12.2.5) but with a managed landscape of native vegetation.
Consequently, the vegetation area was mapped as VHC 39.2 Low to moderate tree
cover in built-up areas (8 tonnes per hectare).
● The land to the south and southwest of the proposed development includes part of
the Weyba Creek Bushland Reserve North which is mapped as:
VHC 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges,
VHC 29.3 Heathlands and associated scrubs and shrublands (Refer to Map 4).
Site assessment indicated that Lots 605 on SP195871 and Lot 602 on SP188268
contained a heterogeneous mosaic of continuous and discontinuous areas of fuel
comprised of pedestrian pathways, trails, mown areas, weed-dominated regrowth,
native regrowth and patches of remnant vegetation (Refer to Appendix 2, VHC
Assessment Site 2). Small patches of vegetation contained continuous surface fuel;
4 2021.
5 Greater than 1:10,000 resolution.
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however occurred at scales too small to map and were otherwise surrounded by
other discontinuous or grassfire-prone fuel types. These areas were mapped as VHC
39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas (8 tonnes per hectare) (Refer to
Map 6). However, there was continuous remnant vegetation consistent with RE
12.3.4 which was located on the southern side of the waterway (Refer to Appendix 2,
VHC Assessment Site 5). The latter was mapped as VHC 22.1 Melaleuca open forests
on seasonally inundated lowland coastal swamps (28 tonnes per hectare) (Refer to
Map 6). There was no evidence of VHC 29.3 Heathlands and associated scrubs and
shrublands with the waterway area (c.f. Maps 4 and 6).
● Site assessment also indicated that parts of the Weyba Creek Bushland Reserve
North to the west of the proposed development (Lot 600 on SP188270) which were
mapped as VHC 29.3 Heathlands and associated scrubs and shrublands on the SPP
Input Map (Refer to Map 4) were comprised predominantly of 22.1 Melaleuca open
forests on seasonally inundated lowland coastal swamps (28 tonnes per hectare)
(Refer to Appendix 2, VHC Assessment Site 3). Whereas any areas of VHC 29.3
Heathlands and associated scrubs and shrublands (20.1 tonnes per hectare) were
located outside of the 150m site assessment area (c.f. Maps 4 and 6).
● The SPP Input Map also indicated an area of VHC 4.1 Notophyll and notophyll palm
or vine forest (4 tonnes per hectare) located on a steep bank adjacent to the river on
the northern side of the existing Serenity Close buildings. Site assessment indicated
that the vegetation contained a mix of maintained gardens and lawns consistent
with VHC 39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas (8 tonnes per hectare)
and also VHC 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges
(24.2 tonnes per hectare) (Refer to Appendix 2, VHC Assessment Site 4). The latter
was consistent with the current regional ecosystem mapping for the land which
indicates the vegetation is comprised of RE 12.2.5 6.
As per Leonard et al. (2014), the Potential Fuel Load assigned to each Vegetation Hazard
Class is generally representative of the higher fuel load expected for the typical vegetation
types, landscape and site conditions within each Vegetation Hazard Class. This Potential
Fuel Load of each Vegetation Hazard Class would approximate the 80th percentile fuel
load of the “long unburnt condition” for the class (generally greater than 10 years without
burning). Modelled fuel loads for each of the amended VHCs were unchanged from the
loads recommended by Bushfire Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency
Services 2019). Fuel loads for modelled VHCs were as per the Bushfire Resilient
Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019); with hybrid or complex
communities receiving the sum of the proportional fuel load of each constituent VHC (e.g.
remnant vegetation containing a mix of regional ecosystems). Areas containing
unmanaged regrowth or revegetation were mapped according to “long unburnt condition”
for the class i.e. the potential fuel load of the vegetation type at maturity. Map 7 indicates
the modelled fuel loads.
6 State of Queensland (Department of Resources) (2021). Vegetation management regional ecosystem map - version 12.0. Q.
Herbarium. http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au/catalogue/
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6.1.2 LANDSCAPE SLOPE
Landscape slope was created from a 25m resolution digital terrain model (DTM) by
calculating the maximum slope (in degrees) from the central pixel in a group of 9 x 9 cells
to the eight (8) adjoining cells in that group.
Maximum landscape slope within the site assessment area varied from one (1) and eleven
(11) degrees (Refer to Map 8).
6.1.3 FIRE WEATHER SEVERITY
In addition to vegetation fuel loads and slope, fire behaviour and intensity is influenced by
a range of weather variables such as wind speed, relative humidity, temperature and
atmospheric conditions, as well preceding drought conditions7.
These variables are summarised as an index value which can be used by proxy to estimate
and predict fire behaviour: Fire Weather Severity (FWS). The McArthur Forest Fire Danger
Index (FFDI) (McArthur 1967) is the most widely used proxy of fire weather severity in
Australia and is used for both bushfire hazard assessment, emergency management and in
regulations such as in AS 3959:2018 Construction of buildings in bushfire-prone areas.
Unlike AS 3959:2018, which adopts a single FFDI for all of Queensland (40), fire weather
conditions vary spatially according to temperature, wind, relative humidity and
precipitation. Although FWS is equivalent to the Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) defined
in AS 3959:2018; spatially explicit FWS values for Queensland have been calibrated by
Leonard et al. (2014) based on a gridded prediction of the FFDI from long term spatial
weather products produced by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Adopted FWS
values reflect a 1:20 year or 5% annual exceedance probability (AEP) weather event.
Climate change projections suggest that the likelihood, intensity and extent of bushfires
are likely to increase, together with longer, hotter and drier fire seasons (Bureau of
Meteorology 2019). The gridded fire weather severity values for Queensland have been
adjusted to reflect the expected climate in 2050 using the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change A1FI climate scenario8 (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019).
The fire weather severity used for the purpose of calculating fireline intensity was based
on 1 in 20-year weather conditions (i.e. 5% annual exceedance probability) to reflect the
severity of fires and events suited to mitigation through land use planning in Queensland
and was based on advice from the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services.
An FFDI of 48 was adopted based on the 5% AEP event as per Leonard et al. (2014)
(Refer to Map 9).
7 Days since last rainfall.
8 The SRES A1FI scenario is most similar to the current RCP 8.5 scenario.
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6.2 MODEL
6.2.1 PATCH AND CORRIDOR FILTERING
Hazardous vegetation within rural and urban landscapes is frequently fragmented, giving
rise to smaller patches and narrow corridors of vegetation that are likely to have lower
fireline intensities than larger expanses of continuous vegetation.
The spatial context of these patches and corridors of vegetation has a major influence on
the likelihood of fire arrival, the severity of a fire at the boundary of the patch, and the
behaviour of a fire within the patch.
Because of the potential contribution of grass fires to the intensity of fire in tree or shrub
dominated hazardous vegetation, bushfire hazard assessment of patches and corridors
needs to take account of the fuel properties of adjacent vegetation or other land uses.
Continuous vegetation, such as forest, shrubland or grass, has a generally uniform
distribution of fuel that supports a continuous flame front under a range of weather
conditions. In contrast, non-continuous vegetation or land uses, such as built-up areas or
water bodies, are not expected to support a continuous flame front because they do not
contain sufficient fuel load to carry a fire.
Patch and corridor filtering rules are therefore required to identify and amend the
estimated hazard potential of narrow or small patches of vegetation likely to prevent a
running fire front from reaching the potential fireline intensity levels estimated by
Equation 1 (Refer to Section 4.2.2).
Patch and corridor filtering rules were applied to the locally refined vegetation hazard
class map in accordance with Leonard and Opie (2017) and Bushfire Resilient
Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019) to reflect the likelihood of
lower fireline intensities in smaller vegetation patches and narrow vegetation corridors,
particularly where those patches are otherwise surrounded by fragmented and
discontinuous fuel sources, such as small patches and narrow corridors of vegetation
within established urban areas.
6.2.2 POTENTIAL FIRELINE INTENSITY
The modelling included the following measures of fire behaviour:
i. Potential bushfire fireline intensity (PFI, kW/m);
ii. Potential rate of fire spread (metres/second);
iii. Potential flame lengths (m).
Fuel load, VHC, landscape slope and FFDI were represented spatially in 10m resolution
input rasters. The input rasters were modelled using GIS software to generate a model of
potential fire behaviour for the 5% AEP event. Maps 7 to 9 indicate the site-specific
18 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
modelled inputs for potential fuel load (Map 7), maximum landscape slope (Map 8) and
fire weather severity/FFDI (Map 9), respectively.
PFI was calculated in accordance with Leonard et al. (2014a):
𝑃𝑃𝐹𝐹𝐼𝐼 = 0.62 𝑊𝑊 2 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝑒𝑒 (0.069𝜃𝜃) (Equation 1)
Where: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = Potential Fireline Intensity (kW/m);
𝑊𝑊 = Potential fuel load (tonnes/ha);
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = Fire weather severity/FFDI; and,
𝜃𝜃 = Maximum slope (degrees).
Resulting PFI was then classified into one of three (3) potential bushfire hazard classes, as
outlined in Table 1.
TABLE 1: POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY CLASSES (SOURCE: LEONARD ET AL. 2014).
Potential Bushfire Intensity Potential Fireline Intensity
Very High 40,000+ kW/m
High 20,000 – 40,000 kW/m
Medium 4,000 – 20,000 kW/m
6.2.3 RADIANT HEAT FLUX
Where modelling results indicated that the proposed development was located within a
bushfire prone area and/or potential impact buffer, radiant heat flux and associated
Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) was calculated according to the View Factor Method
described in AS 3959:2018 (Standards Australia 2018). Separation distances for achieving
the various BAL levels were calculated using the SPP Bushfire Asset Protection Zone
Width Calculator (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019), including inputs based
on:
● Distance(s) between the closest edge of the proposed building and the edge of
areas of potential fireline intensity, with radiant heat flux calculated consistent with
the height of the adjacent vegetation, maximum flame angle and modelled flame
lengths.
● Fuel loads derived from the post-development map of vegetation hazard classes
and site-based survey (Map 7 and Appendix 2).
● Effective and site slope under the classified vegetation were calculated from the
landscape slope map (Map 8).
● An FFDI of 48 based on the 5% AEP event as per Leonard et al. (2014) (Refer to Map
9).
● Flame width based on maximum front width perpendicular to the development
footprint.
Supplementary Method 2 input parameters and adopted values are listed in Table 2.
19 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
TABLE 2: METHOD 2 INPUT PARAMETERS AND VALUES.
Input Parameter Unit Value
Flame width m 100.00
Fuel moisture factor - 5.00
Fuel age y(years) 20.00
Heat of combustion kJ/kg 18600.00
Flame temperature K 1200.00
Ambient temperature K 308.00
Relative humidity % 25.00%
Flame emissive power - 0.95
Wind speed km/h 45.00
20 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
7 RESULTS
The modelling results are described in terms of the extent and category of bushfire prone
areas and potential fireline intensity.
7.1 BUSHFIRE BEHAVIOUR
Modelling results based on the AEP 5% FFDI indicated that:
● the subject land did not contain areas of potential fireline intensity,
● although part of the lot containing the development is within the potential impact
buffer, the proposed hotel is not located within 100m of bushfire prone areas
(potential impact buffer) (Refer to Figure 7 and Map 10, attached).
Although the proposed development and bushfire hazard model incorporates the effect of
retention of native vegetation within Environmental Management and Conservation zoned
areas of the land, modelling results indicate that the vegetation retention does not
contribute to bushfire hazard. This is primarily because the land to south of the site
contains a mosaic of continuous and discontinuous areas of fuel comprised of pedestrian
pathways, trails, mown areas, weed-dominated regrowth, native regrowth and patches of
remnant vegetation. The combination of discontinuous and continuous fuel types within a
narrow corridor does not readily permit establishment or spread of a significant bushfire.
That is, the configuration of vegetation is sufficiently narrow and surrounded by built-up
areas (VHC 41.4) such that the vegetation is unlikely to support a fully developed flame
front (Catchpole et al. 1982). These areas are less likely to ignite due to their disconnection
with fuels that can carry running fire fronts. If ignited by a point or line ignition, these
areas will limit the fire head width, hence fireline intensity. The combined effect of lower
ignition likelihood and lower intensity is likely to result in fireline intensity of less than
4000 kW/m, and this presents a low hazard to land use planning and development
assessment.
The results of the assessment demonstrated that planning and management measures to
mitigate bushfire hazard are not required as part of the proposed development.
21 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
FIGURE 7: MODELLED BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS.
7.2 RADIANT HEAT FLUX
Radiant heat flux was not calculated for the proposed development footprint as the
proposed hotel is not located within a bushfire prone area; nor within 100m of a bushfire
prone area. As such, assessment requirements set out in the Building Regulation 2006
(Qld) and Noosa Plan Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code do not apply.
22 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
7.3 BUSHFIRE HAZARD OVERLAY CODE
The proposed development involves assessable development identified as requiring
assessment against the Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code by the tables of assessment in Part
5.9 of Noosa Plan (5.9 Categories of development and assessment - Overlays).
The overall outcomes sought for the Bushfire Hazard overlay code are:
a) Development in areas at risk from bushfire hazard is compatible with the nature of
the hazard.
b) The risk to people, property and the natural environment from bushfire hazard is
minimised.
c) Development does not result in a material increase in the extent and severity of
bushfire hazard.
d) Bushfire risk mitigation treatments are accommodated in a manner that avoids or
minimises impacts on the natural environment and ecological processes.
e) Development supports and does not unduly burden disaster management response
or recovery capacity and capabilities.
f) Community infrastructure essential to the health, safety and wellbeing of the
community is located and designed to function effectively during and immediately
after a bushfire event.
g) Development avoids the release of hazardous materials as a result of a bushfire
hazard event.
The results of the bushfire hazard assessment indicated that the proposed hotel is not
located within a bushfire prone area and as such the bushfire hazard for the part of the
site in which development is proposed is 'low'.
Results of an assessment against the code indicated that the proposed development
complies with the relevant assessment benchmarks (Refer to Appendix 3).
23 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
8 SUMMARY
The Bushfire Hazard Assessment (BHA) has been prepared by Litoria Consulting on behalf
of Calile Malouf Investments for land described as 14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads Qld
(Lots 10 and 11 on SP 195871).
The purpose of the BHA was to:
i. Identify and measure site-specific factors which contribute to bushfire hazard,
ii. Assess the extent of bushfire prone areas (post-development) and calculate:
a. Potential fire intensity (PFI, kW/m),
b. Radiant heat flux (kW/m2).
c. For development within areas of potential fireline intensity or the potential
impact buffer (100m), assess Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) in accordance
with Australian Standard 3959:2018 Construction of buildings in bushfire-
prone areas (AS 3959:2018).
iii. Where applicable, identify management measures to achieve compliance with the
hazard and risk outcomes sought by:
a. State Planning Policy (SPP),
b. Noosa Plan (2020).
Bushfire hazard for the study area was modelled according to the methods described in
Bushfire Resilient Communities (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services 2019) and
Leonard et al. (2014), including the creation of a quantitative model of potential bushfire
fireline intensity (PFI, kW/m).
The fire behaviour modelling was carried out via GIS spatial modelling using rasterised
inputs described by Leonard et al. (2014):
i. Fuel load based on site-specific assessment of vegetation hazard class;
ii. Maximum landscape slope; and,
iii. Fire weather severity/FFDI.
As the proposed development involves changes to the configuration of vegetation within
the site assessment area, a post-development map of VHCs was necessary. The post-
development map incorporated:
i. the proposed development footprint,
ii. vegetation retention outcomes proposed as part of the development of the land,
iii. other differences between VHCs observed from a combination site-based survey
and desktop methods.
Modelling results based on the AEP 5% FFDI indicated that:
● the subject land did not contain areas of potential fireline intensity,
24 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
● although part of the lot containing the development is within the potential impact
buffer, the proposed hotel is not located within 100m of bushfire prone areas
(potential impact buffer) (Refer to Figure 7 and Map 10, attached).
The results of the assessment demonstrated that planning and management measures to
mitigate bushfire hazard are not required as part of the proposed development.
The proposed development complies with the relevant Noosa Plan assessment
benchmarks as the proposed development footprint avoids bushfire attack risk.
25 | 38
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
9 REFERENCES
Alexander, M. E. and M. G. Cruz (2012). "Interdependencies between flame length and fireline intensity in
predicting crown fire initiation and crown scorch height %J International Journal of Wildland Fire."
21(2): 95-113.
Bureau of Meteorology (2019). Changes to Fire Weather in Queensland. A report from the Australian
Bureau of Meteorology, prepared for Queensland Fire and Emergency Services.
Byram, G. M. (1959). Combustion of forest fuels. Forest fire: control and use. K. P. Davis. New York,
McGraw-Hill: 69–89.
Catchpole, E. A., N. J. De Mestre and A. M. Gill (1982). "Intensity of fire at its perimeter." Australian
Forestry Research 12: 47-54.
Council, N. S. (2006). The Noosa Plan. Including amendments to 8 June 2018. Noosa, Qld, Noosa Shire
Council.
Department of Environment and Science (2021). Biodiversity status of remnant regional ecosystems
v12.0. Queensland Herbarium. Brisbane, State of Queensland.
Department of Infrastructure Local Government and Planning (2017). State Planning Policy. July 2017.
Department of Infrastructure, Local Government and Planning,. Brisbane, Qld, State of
Queensland.
Department of Infrastructure Local Government and Planning. (2020). "SPP interactive mapping
system." from http://spp.dsdip.esriaustraliaonline.com.au/geoviewer/map/da.
Department of State Development Infrastructure Local Government and Planning. (2021). "SPP
interactive mapping system." from
http://spp.dsdip.esriaustraliaonline.com.au/geoviewer/map/da.
Department of State Development Manufacturing Infrastructure and Planning (2019). State Planning
Policy – state interest guidance material. Natural hazards, risk and resilience - Bushfire. Brisbane,
Qld, State of Queensland.
Leonard, J. and R. Blanchi (2012). Queensland Bushfire Risk Planning Project. Australia, CSIRO.
Leonard, J., G. Newnham, K. Opie and R. Blanchi (2014). A new methodology for state-wide mapping of
bushfire prone areas in Queensland. Australia, CSIRO.
Leonard, J. and K. Opie (2017). Estimating the potential bushfire hazard of vegetation patches and
corridors. Australia, CSIRO.
McArthur, A. G. (1967). Fire behaviour in eucalyptus forests. F. R. Institute, Forest and Timber Bureau of
Australia.
Nearmap. (2022). "Nearmap PhotoMaps." from https://www.nearmap.com/au/en.
Neldner, V. J., B. A. Wilson, E. J. Thompson and H. A. Dillewaard (2012). Methodology for Survey and
Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland. Version 3.2.
Brisbane, Queensland Herbarium, Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and
the Arts.
26 | 38
Page 28
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Newnham, G., R. Blanchi, A. Siggins, K. Opie and J. Leonard (2013). Bushfire Decision Support Toolbox
Radiant Heat Flux Modelling: Case Study Two, Wangary, South Australia, CSIRO report to the
bushfire CRC. Australia, CSIRO.
Noble, I. R., G. A. V. Bary and A. M. Gill (1980). "McArthur's fire-danger meters expressed as equations."
Australian Journal of Ecology 5: 201-203.
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (2019). Bushfire Resilient Communities. Technical Reference
Guide for the State Planning Policy State Interest ‘Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience - Bushfire’.
Brisbane, Queensland Fire and Emergency Services,.
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (2019). State Planning Policy July 2017 (SPP) Bushfire asset
protection zone width calculator. Brisbane, Queensland Fire and Emergency Services,.
Standards Australia (2018). Australian Standard 3959:2018 Construction of buildings in bushfire prone
areas. Sydney, NSW, Standards Australia.
State of Queensland (Department of Resources) (2021). Vegetation management regional ecosystem
map - version 12.0. Q. Herbarium. http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au/catalogue/
Zarate, L., J. Arnaldos and J. Casal (2008). "Establishing safety distances for wildland fires." Fire Safety
Journal(43): 565 - 575.
27 | 38
Page 29
Map 01: Aerial Photograph of Site
(Image date: June 2022)
Legend
Site
Site Assessment Area (150m)
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 30
Map 02: SPP Map of Bushfire Prone
Areas
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
SPP Bushfire Prone Area
CLASS
Very High Potential Bushfire Intensity
High Potential Bushfire Intensity
Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity
Potential Impact Buffer
#
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 31
03: Noosa Plan 2006 Bushfire
Hazard Overlay
Legend
Site
Site Assessment Area (150m)
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Noosa Plan 2006 Bushfire Hazard Overlay
CLASS
Very High Potential Bushfire Intensity
High Potential Bushfire Intensity
Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity
Potential Impact Buffer
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 32
03: Noosa Plan 2020 Bushfire
Hazard Overlay
Legend
Site
Site Assessment Area (150m)
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Bushfire Hazard Overlay
CLASS
High Potential Bushfire Intensity
Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity
Potential Impact Buffer
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 33
Map 04: SPP Input Map -
Vegetation Hazard Class
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Vegetation Hazard Class
Level 2 Description
4.1 Notophyll and notophyll palm or vine forest
9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands
and ranges
22.1 Melaleuca open forests on seasonally inundated
lowland coastal swamps
29.3 Heathlands and associated scrubs and shrublands
39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas
40.4 Low grass or tree cover in rural areas
# 41.4 Low grass or tree cover in built-up areas
42.6 Nil to very low vegetation cover
43.6 Water bodies
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 34
Map 05: SPP Input Map - Potential
Fuel Load
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Potential Fuel Load
tonnes / ha
0
2
3
5
8
10.4
20.1
# 24.2
28.4
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 35
Map 06: Modelled Vegetation
Hazard Class
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Modelled Vegetation Hazard Class
Level 2 Description
4.1 Notophyll and notophyll palm or vine forest
9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands
and ranges
22.1 Melaleuca open forests on seasonally inundated
lowland coastal swamps
39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas
41.4 Low grass or tree cover in built-up areas
42.6 Nil to very low vegetation cover
# 43.6 Water bodies
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 36
Map 07: Modelled Potential Fuel
Load
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Modelled Potential Fuel Load
tonnes / ha
0
2
3
4
8
24.2
28.4
#
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 37
Map 08: SPP Input Map - Maximum
Landscape Slope
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Proposed development
Upper levels
Ground (Level 3)
Level 2 (Below)
Level 1 (Below)
Maximum landscape slope
degrees
High : 30
Low : 0
#
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 38
Map 09: SPP Input Map - Fire
Weather Severity
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Proposed development
Upper levels
Ground (Level 3)
Level 2 (Below)
Level 1 (Below)
Fire Weather Severity
FFDI
High : 48
Low : 48
#
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 39
Map 10: Modelled Bushfire Prone
Areas
Legend
Site
# Site Assessment Area (150m)
# VHC Assessment Site
Cadastre
Easement
Lot boundary
Proposed development
Upper levels
Ground (Level 3)
Level 2 (Below)
Level 1 (Below)
Modelled Bushfire Prone Areas
Class
Very High Potential Bushfire Intensity
High Potential Bushfire Intensity
Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity
# Potential Impact Buffer
© copyright Litoria Consulting Pty Ltd (2022). This document is and shall remain the property of Litoria
Consulting Pty Ltd. This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned
and inaccordance with the terms of the engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this
document in any way is prohibited. While Litoria Consulting uses reasonable efforts to ensure the
accuracy, correctness and reliability of the drawing Litoriua Consuling the accuracy, correctness or
reliability of the drawing or content contained therein. Where errors, omissions, inaccuracies and
distortions exist, Litoria Consulting will not be responsible for, or liable for any claims made by or
arising out of, any person or entity seeking to rely on the drawing.
DCDB: Based on or contains data provided by the State of Queensland (Department of Natural
Resources and Mines) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting use of this data you acknowledge
and agree that the State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including accuracy, reliability,
completeness, currency or suitability) and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability in
# negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including consequential damage) relating to any use of the
data. Data must not be used for direct marketing or be used in breach of the privacy laws.
# Bushfire hazard area: © State of Queensland (Public Safety Business Agency) (2019). Bushfire hazard
area - Bushfire prone area - inputs – Queensland. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of
the spatial data layer, all data custodians and/or the State of Queensland makes no representations or
warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and
disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all
expenses, losses, damages (including indirect or consequential damage) and costs to which the user
might incur as a result of the data being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
Available from http://dds.information.qld.gov.au/dds?title="Bushfirehazardarea-Bushfirepronearea-
inputs-Queensland"
1:2,000 Date Created: 5/10/2022
#
0 50 100 Metres
ABN: 75 100 511 689
[
lvl 3 22 wandoo st fortitude valley
po box 461 paddington qld 4064
p: +61 7 3852 4855 f: +61 7 3319 8953
e: [email protected]
Page 40
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
APPENDIX 1: PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT
28 | 38
Page 41
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RL-22.125. RESTAURANT RL 22.500 POOL 7 x 50m LAWN Drawing Title 2100004 Revision: Q | Date: LEVEL 04 AS | Date: Project No 1:400@A1 | Co-ordinated: Scale: GENERAL ARRANGEMENT PLAN SD-A-01-03-G_LEVEL 04 AS [Date 02.07.21 [Proi Director: AS | Date: | Drawn: | Proj. Architect: Cad File: Drawing Number: Project 3 - 7 SERENITY CLOSE NOOSA HEADS CALILE MALOUF INVESTMENTS Client Document Control Status Original Scale at A1: Northpoint Keyplan Date ly Description Rev 06.10.22 i = - - - - 7 - DEVELOPMENT APPROVAL o -- - - - - - 7 RL:19.000 Date ley Description 08.08.22 11.08.22 [as [as [As [As [es [es [ss las CONSULTANT COORDINATION CONSULTANT COORDINATION PEER REVIEW PEER REVIEW AREA CHECK PLANNER REVIEW PLANNER REVIEW [F [E [K [E [Mo [N [> [Po Rev Date ley Description Rev 05.07.22 11.07.22 20.07.22 21.07.22 28.07.22 04.08.22 [as [as [As [As [As [As [as [as STORMWATER EASEMENT SITE COVER REDUCED COORDINATION COORDINATION CLIENT REVIEW CLIENT REVIEW COORDINATION CLIENT REVIEW [A [e [o [> [E [F [e [A RICHARDS+SPENCE 24 COWLISHAW STREET BOWEN HILLS © COPYRIGHT RICHARDS AND SPENCE PTY LTD ANY FORM OF REPRODUCTION OF THIS DRAWING IN FULL OR PART WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF RICHARDS AND SPENCE PTY LTD CONSTITUTES AN INFRINGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT [email protected] CHECK ALL DIMENSIONS ON SITE BEFORE FABRICATION OR SET-OUT BRISBANE QLD 4006 T: 617 3257 0077 ign $:\2100002_Jonson St - South\200 - Documentation\210 - Revit\CAD\Reference Files\A1 BASE_210002.d:
Page 43
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
APPENDIX 2: VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS
SURVEY
FIGURE 8: RECTIFIED DIGITAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SITE, SITE ASSESSMENT BUFFER
(150M) AND VHC SURVEY SITES (SOURCE: NEARMAP, 2022).
29 | 38
Page 44
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Site No.: 1
Site address: 14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Mapped VHC (PSBA): 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges (24.2
tonnes per hectare)
Observed VHC (Litoria Current: 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and
Consulting): ranges (24.2 tonnes per hectare)
Post-development: 39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas (8
tonnes per hectare)
Potential fuel load: 8 tonnes per ha
Notes: • Remnant vegetation consistent with RE 12.2.5.
• Low open forest to woodland of Corymbia intermedia, Allocasuarina
littoralis, Lophostemon confertus, Melaleuca quinquenervia, Banksia
aemula, Callitris columellaris, Acacia spp.
30 | 38
Page 45
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Site No.: 2
Site address: Weyba Creek Bushland Reserve North
Lots 605 on SP195871 and Lot 602 on SP188268
Mapped VHC (PSBA): 29.3 Heathlands and associated scrubs and shrublands (20.1 tonnes per
hectare)
Observed VHC (Litoria 39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas (8 tonnes per
Consulting): hectare)
Potential fuel load: 8 tonnes per hectare
Notes: • Non-remnant waterway / swamp.
• Sparse to very sparse, low to tall shrub (4-8m) Melaleuca
quinquenervia & Glochidion ferdinandi +/- Eucalyptus robusta, Acacia
disparrima and Corymbia tessellaris, sometimes in clumps.
• Understorey of Typha orientalis, Melinis minutiflora, Urochloa mutica
and native ferns and sedges.
• Near surface fuel: Dense to mid-dense.
• Surface fuel absent, near-surface fuel of grass and sedges.
• Grades to remnant vegetation on southern edge (Refer to VHC Site
No. 5).
31 | 38
Page 46
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Site No.: 3
Site address: Weyba Creek Bushland Reserve North
Lot 600 on SP188270
Mapped VHC (PSBA): 29.3 Heathlands and associated scrubs and shrublands (20.1 tonnes per
hectare)
Observed VHC (Litoria 22.1 Melaleuca open forests on seasonally inundated lowland coastal
Consulting): swamps (28 tonnes per hectare)
Potential fuel load: 28 tonnes per hectare
Notes: • Predominantly remnant vegetation consistent with RE 12.3.4. Any areas
of RE 12.3.13 were located outside the site assessment area (150m).
• Canopy species (sparse to mid-dense; 12-16m): Melaleuca quinquenervia
+/- Eucalyptus tereticornis, E. resinifera, Endiandra sierberi and
Lophostemon confertus (at margins).
• Sub-canopy (8-12m): Glochidion sumatranum, Macaranga tanarius,
Mellicope elleryana, Acmena smithii, Livistona australis, Archontophoenix
cunninghamiana.
• Understorey species: Ferns and sedges such as Blechnum indicum,
Gahnia clarkeii Gahnia sieberiana, Caldium procerum, Lygodium
microphyllum with weeds at margins e.g. Singapore Daisy and Para
Grass.
• Near surface fuel: Dense to mid-dense.
• Surface fuel: +/-continuous in areas with canopy cover.
32 | 38
Page 47
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Site No.: 4
Site address: ‘Macquarie Lodge’ 2 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Mapped VHC (PSBA): 4.1 Notophyll and notophyll palm or vine forest (4 tonnes per hectare)
Observed VHC (Litoria 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges (24.2
Consulting): tonnes per hectare) and 39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built-up areas (8
tonnes per hectare)
Potential fuel load: 24.2 tonnes per hectare (bushland) & 8 tonnes per hectare (maintained areas)
Notes: • Open forest to woodland adjacent to Weyba Creek.
• Canopy species (12-20m): Corymbia intermedia, Lophostemon confertus,
Callitris columellaris, Eucalyptus tereticornis and Corymbia tessellaris.
• Sparse shrub layer of canopy recruits, Acacia spp. and Allocasuarina littoralis
with evidence of clearing/maintenance.
• Evidence of clearing
• Understorey highly disturbed – garden escapees and environmental
weedsUnderstorey
• No surface fuel.
33 | 38
Page 48
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Site No.: 5
Site address: Weyba Creek Bushland Reserve North
Banksia Ave, Noosa Heads
Mapped VHC (PSBA): 9.1 Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges (24.2
tonnes per hectare)
Observed VHC (Litoria 22.1 Melaleuca open forests on seasonally inundated lowland coastal swamps
Consulting): (28 tonnes per hectare)
Potential fuel load: 28 tonnes per hectare
Notes: • Remnant vegetation consistent with RE 12.3.4 (wetland)
• Canopy species (open to mid-dense; 15-20m): Eucalyptus robusta +/-
Corymbia intermedia, Melaleuca quinquenervia with Glochidion sumatranum,
Macaranga tanarius, Mellicope elleryana, Polyscias elegans and
Archontophoenix cunninghamiana in sub-canopy.
• Sparse shrub layer of canopy recruits and Umbrella Tree*.
• Understorey dominated by ferns including Blechnum indicum, Calochalena
dubia, Hypolepis muelleri.
• Near surface fuel: abundant, dense including ladder fuel (palm fronds) and
coarse woody debris to 5cm diam.
• Surface fuel: Dense, continuous (100%) leaf litter to 6cm settled depth.
34 | 38
Page 49
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
APPENDIX 3: BUSHFIRE HAZARD OVERLAY
CODE
TABLE 8.2.3.3 - CRITERIA FOR ASSESSABLE DEVELOPMENT
Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Compliance
Safety of people and property
PO1 AO1.1 Complies with A01.1
Development maintains the safety of Development which will materially
people and property from the increase the number of people living or
adverse impacts of bushfire. congregating on premises, including
reconfiguring a lot, is not located within
a medium or high bushfire hazard area.
AO1.2
Development maximises setbacks from
hazardous vegetation to achieve an
acceptable risk.
Editor’s Note — PSP8 Natural
Hazards provides guidance for assessing
bushfire hazard risk and preparing a
bushfire hazard management plan.
Impacts on Ecologically Important Areas
PO2 Not applicable.
Bushfire mitigation measures do not No acceptable outcome provided
adversely impact on:
biodiversity values, connectivity and
ecosystem functioning; and
the long term physical integrity of
waterways, wetland and areas of
native vegetation.
Water Supply for Fire Fighting Purposes
PO3 AO3.1 Complies with A03.1
Development provides an adequate Premises are connected to the
water supply for fire fighting reticulated water supply.
purpose which is reliable, safely
located and freely accessible. Editor's note—For reconfiguring a lot,
water supply needs to provide for a
minimum flow and pressure of 10 litres a
second at 200kPa at all times for fire
fighting purposes.
35 | 38
Page 50
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Compliance
OR
AO3.2
Where there is no available reticulated
water supply, the premises has:
an accessible dam, swimming pool or
water tank available for fire fighting
purposes with an onsite water volume of
not less than 5,000 litres; and
a water supply outlet pipe 50 millimetres
in diameter fitted with a standard fire
brigade fitting connected to the water
supply (other than where the water
supply is in a swimming pool or dam).
Editor’s Note—Water supply capacity for
fire fighting purposes is in addition to
water supply capacity for other uses and
activities on the premises.
Essential Community Infrastructure
PO4 AO4.1 Not applicable.
Essential community infrastructure Development involving essential
is able to function effectively during community infrastructure is not located
and immediately after bushfire within a medium or high bushfire hazard
events. area.
OR
AO4.2
Where located in a medium or high
bushfire hazard area, development
involving essential community
infrastructure is designed to function
effectively during and after a bushfire
event in accordance with a Bushfire
Hazard Management Plan.
Editor’s Note— PSP8 Natural
Hazards provides guidance for assessing
bushfire hazard risk and preparing a
bushfire hazard management plan.
Hazardous Materials
PO5 AO5 Not applicable.
Public safety and the environment Hazardous materials are not
are not adversely affected by the
36 | 38
Page 51
Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Compliance
impacts of bushfire on hazardous manufactured or stored in bulk in a
materials manufacturing or storing bushfire hazard area.
in bulk.
Access and Evacuation Routes
PO6 AO6.1 Not applicable.
Roads provide for easy and safe The road layout provides for through-
evacuation of residents of premises roads and avoids cul-de-sacs and dead-
and access by emergency services. end roads.
OR
AO6.2
The development has a perimeter road
reserve with a minimum width of 20
metres and maximum gradient of 12.5%.
OR
AO6.3
Cul-de-sacs or no-through roads are
provided with fire trails or access
easements, which are capable of being
navigated by conventional vehicles and
which link to through roads.
AO6.4
Safe access and egress is available at all
times to all of the development for
emergency vehicles and personnel.
AO6.5
Where an emergency access point is
required, it complies with the relevant
works codes and PSP6 Engineering
Design Standards.
Lot design
PO7 AO7 Not applicable.
Lot design and building siting Each residential lot:
minimises bushfire hazard risk to • includes a building envelope,
people and property. identified on a plan of subdivision;
• is of sufficient size and shape to allow
for efficient emergency access to
buildings for fire fighting appliances
(e.g. by avoiding battle-axe/hatchet
lots and long narrow lots with long
access driveways to buildings);
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment
14 Serenity Close, Noosa Heads
Performance outcomes Acceptable outcomes Compliance
• where more than 2500m², achieves
setbacks from hazardous vegetation in
line with Bushfire Attack Level 29
requirements as per AS3959; and
• is designed so
that buildings and structures are sited
in locations of lowest hazard within
the lot and elements of the
development least susceptible to fire
are closest to the fire hazard.
Firebreaks and fire access tracks
PO8 AO8.1 Not applicable.
Firebreaks and fire access tracks Where development involves the
provide: creation of a new road and lots, a
• adequate access for fire fighting firebreak is provided by providing a
and other emergency vehicles; cleared road reserve not less than 20
and metres wide and maximum gradient of
• adequate access for the 12.5% around the perimeter of the
evacuation of residents and subdivision, between the created lots
emergency personnel in an and surrounding vegetated lands.
emergency situation.
OR
AO8.2
Fire access tracks are provided between
the created lots and surrounding
vegetated land that:
• have a cleared minimum width of 6
metres;
• have a maximum gradient of 12.5%;
• provide unbroken access for fire
fighting vehicles;
• provide passing bays and turning
areas;
• are located within an access easement
that is granted in favour of Noosa
Council and the Queensland Fire and
Rescue Service.
AO8.3
Bushfire management measures are
carried out on the subject property and
not any adjoining property.
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