Appendix E - Bushfire Hazard Assessment · OPW19/0082

                                                                    [10]


                     Inputs                                                             Outputs

    Site slope                1°               Viewfactor                               0.5996, 0.4421, 0.2965, 0.2015, 0.1643 & 0.0452

    Flame width               100 m            Minimum distance to < 40 kW/m²                               7.23 m

    Windspeed                 n/a              Minimum distance to < 29 kW/m²                              9.90 m
    Heat of combustion        18,600 kJ/kg     Minimum distance to < 19 kW/m²                              14.70 m

    Flame temperature         1,090 K          Minimum distance to < 12.5 kW/m²                             21.3 m

                                               Minimum distance to < 10 kW/m²                               25.7 m

      Rate of Spread - Mcarthur, 1973 & Noble et al., 1980
      Flame length - NSW Rural Fire Service, 2001 & Noble et al., 1980
      Elevation of receiver - Douglas & Tan, 2005
      Flame angle - Douglas & Tan, 2005
      Radiant heat flux - Drysdale, 1999, Sullivan et al., 2003, Douglas & Tan, 2005

8        In addition to the setback, the facility ought to have a building which is centrally located and available to any
         residents to evacuate to should a fire threaten the area and where the opportunity for evacuation back to
         Tewantin is not viable or a safe. This building should be large enough to house the maximum number of
         guests for a short period of time, i.e. 1 hour and be connected to water and have access to toilet facilities
         and first aid equipment.

Recommendations
Based on our findings above, we make the following recommendations: -
1        The road along the eastern side of the subject site within common property (Lot 0) is to remain and to continue
         to provide access for Lot 1.
2        While the AS3959-2009 and Building Code of Australia does not include tents or temporary structures as
         Class 1, 2, 3 or 10a or 10b and therefore no response to the Code is required. However, we recommend the
         structures be set back from the wet and dry Melaleuca vegetation to west to achieve a Radiant heat flux of
         29 kW/m2 as per Table 1 above, that being a setback of 10 metres (rounded up). Our reasoning for this is
         that if these structures were Class 1 structures as defined under the BCA, the Qld State Planning Policy,
         Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience has determined a structure exposed to a maximum Radiant heat flux
         of 29 kW/m2 is an acceptable level of risk.
3        In addition, to further ensure and limit the spread of a ground fire and to reduce the radiant heat flux further
         we also recommend that the area between the tenting structures and the western boundary be planted with
         a range of Less flammable plant species particularly within the understorey.
4        Species appropriate for this location include (note this should not be viewed as a complete species list and
         other species that may commonly occur within un-burnt eucalypt and Paperbark woodlands and open forest
         may also be appropriate to use in this location and instance): -
                                                                         Flindersia bennettiana
         T1/T2 stratum                                                   Symplocos harroldii
                Acronychia imperforata                                            S1/S2/G1
                Alphitonia excelsa
                                                                                       Alpinia caerulea
                Cissus hypoglauca
                                                                                       Alyxia ruscifolia
                Cryptocarya glaucescens
                                                                                       Carissa ovata
                Cryptocarya laevis
                                                                                       Cordyline rubra
                Cupaniopsis anacardioides
                                                                                       Smilax glyciphylla
                Elaeocarpus obovatus
                                                                                       Trochocarpa laurina
                Elaeocarpus reticulatus