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Attachment 5 - Environmental Noise Assessment
Proposed Car Wash & Take-Away Coffee Shop 34 Elm Street Cooroy Environmental Noise Assessment 24 October 2022 Report Number: 21030929 - 01a www.ecoacoustics.com.au ACN 135 697 095 10 Alyxia Place FERNDALE WA 6148 Telephone: (08) 9367 1555
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Page 2
Report: 21030929 - 01a
EcoAcoustics Pty Ltd
ATF Ireland Family Trust ABN: 26 450 946 619
KEY PERSONNEL
Contacts Rebecca Ireland Francis Prendergast
Phone: +61 8 9367 1555 +61 8 9367 1555
Email: [email protected] [email protected]
Mobile: 0427 388 876 0409 686 492
Eco Acoustics has prepared this report for the sole use of the Client and for the intended purposes as stated in the
agreement between the Client and Eco Acoustics. The report may not be relied upon by any other party without the
written permission of Eco Acoustics.
Eco Acoustics has exercised due and customary care in conducting this assessment but has not, save as specifically
stated, independently verified any information provided by others. Therefore, Eco Acoustics assumes no liability or loss
resulting from errors, omissions or misrepresentations made by others. This report has been prepared at the request of
the Client. The use of this report by unauthorised third parties without the written permission of Eco Acoustics shall be
at their own risk and Eco Acoustics accept no duty of care to any such third party.
Any recommendations, opinions or findings stated in this report are based on facts as they existed at the time Eco
Acoustics performed the work. Any changes in such circumstances and facts upon which this report is based may
adversely affect any recommendations, opinions or findings contained within this report.
Document Information
Author: Rebecca Ireland Verified: Francis Prendergast
Position: Managing Director Position: Director
Signature: Signature
Date of Issue: 24 October 2022
Revision History
Revision Description Date Author Checked
Page 3
Table of Contents
Executive Summary ................................................................................. i
1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 1
1.1 Site Locality & Surroundings ....................................................................................... 1
1.2 Site Layout ................................................................................................................... 2
2 Noise Monitoring .............................................................................. 6
2.1 Noise Measurement Methodology ............................................................................. 6
2.2 Ambient Noise Monitoring ........................................................................................ 6
3 Criteria .............................................................................................. 9
3.1 Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2008 ......................................................... 9
3.1.1 Acoustic Quality Objectives ................................................................................. 9
3.1.2 Background Creep ............................................................................................... 10
4 Noise Modelling ............................................................................... 12
4.1 Methodology .............................................................................................................. 12
4.1.1 Topographical Data............................................................................................. 12
4.1.2 Ground Absorption .............................................................................................. 12
4.1.3 Source Sound Levels ............................................................................................ 12
4.1.4 Three-Dimensional Site Render .......................................................................... 13
5 Noise Impact Assessment................................................................. 15
6 Recommendations and Discussion.................................................. 18
7 Conclusion ....................................................................................... 19
Appendix A ........................................................................................... 20
Ref: 21030929 - 01a
Page 4
Executive Summary
EcoAcoustics Pty Ltd was commissioned by Kings Group to conduct a noise impact assessment of a
proposed car wash and take-away coffee shop located at 34 Elm Street Cooroy. This noise impact
assessment report has been completed to support the proposal, as part of the development
application. The purpose of this report is to assess the noise emissions from the site in accordance
with the prescribed standards contained in the Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2008.
To ensure compliance with the EPP (Noise), the following recommendations are required to be
incorporated into the proposed carwash:
➢ All vacuum bays are required to be three-phase vacuums;
➢ The plant room roof is to be lined with 50mm 32kg/m3 sound absorbing insulation or
similar ;
➢ The proposed automatic car wash bays will be fitted with automatic doors on the exit
equivalent to a PVC clear 2.5 mm door blade (which provides a minimum Rw 23);
➢ The entry to the automatic wash bays will be fitted with a roof as shown in Figures 1.2 and
1.3;
➢ Vacuum bays are not permitted to operate during the night time period.
The results of the noise predictions show that the site can comply with the noise criteria set out in
EPP (Noise) for all time periods at nearby residential receivers with the inclusion of the attenuation
measures discussed in Section 6.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a i
Page 5
1 Introduction
EcoAcoustics Pty Ltd was commissioned by Kings Group to conduct a noise impact assessment of a
proposed car wash and take-away coffee shop located at 34 Elm Street in Cooroy. This noise impact
assessment report has been completed to support the proposal, as part of the development
application. The purpose of this report is to assess the noise emissions from the site in accordance
with the prescribed standards contained in the Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2008.
Appendix A contains a description of some of the terminology used throughout this report.
1.1 Site Locality & Surroundings
The site and surroundings are shown in an aerial photo in Figure 1.1. The site is located at 34 Elm
Street Cooroy within the Noosa Shire. The proposed site is currently vacant but previously
contained a motel. The nearest noise sensitive premises are located to the southeast of the
property along Opal Street and to the north east of the site along Diamond Lane. Existing
commercial premises are located directly adjacent to the site to the east, being a local bowls club,
north and south both service stations. Across Elm Street to the west is the Cooroy Railway Station.
The nearest noise affected premises are denoted on Figure 1.1 as receivers R1 to R4.
R1
Commercial
Commercial
Residential
Subject
Commercial Site
Logger
Location
Commercial Residential
Figure 1.1: Site and Surroundings (Source: Google Earth)
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 1 of 24
Page 6
1.2 Site Layout
The proposed layout is shown on Figure 1.2. Figures 1.3 & 1.4 present the site elevations.
The proposed site will comprise:
➢ two automatic car wash bays and associated mechanical plant located within a plantroom;
➢ two manual wash bays;
➢ two manual super wash bays;
➢ two small dog wash bays;
➢ four covered vacuum bays located on the north eastern property boundary; and
➢ a small take-away coffee shop located adjacent to Opal Street, serving take-away food and
drinks only
It is understood that the hours of operation for the site will be 24 hours per day 7 days per week.
The noise impacts associated with the site include:
➢ The automatic wash bays;
➢ The mechanical plant associated with the site;
➢ Vehicles on site
➢ The vacuum bays;
➢ Manual wash bays; and
➢ Air conditioning and mechanical plant associated with the coffee shop.
Table 1.1 shows the percentage breakdown of useage that has been applied to determine the
appropriate noise levels during the 24 hour operations.
Table 1.1: Percentage Breakdown of Car Wash Usage
Percentage Breakdown of Usage
Noise Source
Day, 7am to 6pm Evening, 6pm to 10pm Night, 10pm to 7am
70 30 15
Automatic wash bays
Manual wash bays 70 30 15
(including super bays)
70 30 15
Vacuum bays
70 30 5
Dog wash bay
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 2 of 24
Page 7
PROPOSED SITE LAYOUT PLAN SERVICES LEGEND DIAL BEFORE AT:34 (LOT 4, § & 6) ELM STREET, “ TAKE AWAY FOOD & DRINK Dees Design TMC! Building Design Group Se OUTLET SS FOR:CHRIS KING & JOANNE HLL =| Matters ee z ein 2 a 8) D Figure 1.2: Proposed Site Plan (source: TMC Design) Ref: 21030929 - o1a Page 3 of 24
Page 8
Ref: 21030929 - o1a
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AT: 34 (LOT 4,5 & 6) ELM STREET,
COOROY, QLD, 4503
FOR: CHAIS KING & JOANNE HILL.
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Figure 1.3: Proposed Elevations (source: TMC Design)
Page 4 of 24
Page 9
Ref: 21030929 - o1a
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OUTLET. t*”*” FOR: CHRIS KING & JOANNE HILL Matters cn tcsyomean
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Figure 1.4: Proposed Elevations (source: TMC Design)
Page 5 of 24
Page 10
2 Noise Monitoring
2.1 Noise Measurement Methodology
Noise measurements were taken continuously over a four-day period commencing Saturday 22nd
May to Wednesday 26th May 2021. The following information was detailed:
➢ Measurements were completed on the site using a Type 1 Sound Level Meter, Rion NL 54
(s/n 00297846);
➢ The sound level meter holds current laboratory certificate of calibration, available upon
request;
➢ The meter was calibrated before and after the measurements and was found to be within
0.1dB of the reference signal;
➢ The meter records both slow and fast time weighted sound levels, along with statistics
throughout the measurement period, allowing relevant data to be collected;
➢ The microphone was fitted with a standard wind screen;
➢ During the measurements, the microphone was located at a height of 1.4 metres above the
ground level and at least 3 metres from reflecting facades (other than the ground plane); as
such no adjustments have been applied for reflected noise.
Average meteorological conditions at the time, recorded at the Bureau of Meteorology’s Tewantin
site, were:
➢ Temperature: 13.2 – 25.7oC
➢ Relative Humidity (avg): 81%
➢ Periods of rainfall omitted from the data.
2.2 Ambient Noise Monitoring
The results of the noise logging is summarised in Table 2.1. Figure 2.1 presents a chart of the
measured noise levels.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 6 of 24
Page 11
Table 2.1: Measured Average Noise Levels Noise Logging
Measured Noise Level, dB (A)
Time of day
Leq L10 L90
Day 7am to 6pm 55 56 47
Evening 6pm to 10pm 46 46 39
Night 10pm to 7am (*due to early morning peak) 52 48 34
Early Morning 5am to 7am 57 56 48
The noise logging includes road traffic noise from Elm Street, noise from the bowls club, noise from
other nearby commercial premises, residential noise including dogs barking and noise from other
fauna.
It is important to note that the existing noise levels were measured during the Covid Pandemic
conditions. This author has measured a 3 to 5dB(A) reduction in background noise levels across the
country during the period November 2020 to July 2021. Note this level increases significantly during
periods of lockdown.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 7 of 24
Page 12
Sound Pressure Levels (dB)
20
30
70
80
90
40
50
60
1:49:06 PM
3:34:06 PM
Ref: 21030929 - 01a
5:19:06 PM
7:04:06 PM
22/5/21
8:49:06 PM
10:34:06 PM
12:19:06 AM
2:04:06 AM
3:49:06 AM
5:34:06 AM
7:19:06 AM
9:04:06 AM
10:49:06 AM
23/5/21
12:34:06 PM
2:19:06 PM
4:04:06 PM
5:49:06 PM
7:34:06 PM
9:19:06 PM
11:04:06 PM
12:49:06 AM
2:34:06 AM
4:19:06 AM
Leq
6:04:06 AM
7:49:06 AM
9:34:06 AM
L01
11:19:06 AM
24/5/21
1:04:06 PM
2:49:06 PM
Time
L10
4:34:06 PM
6:19:06 PM
8:04:06 PM
22nd to 26th May 2021
9:49:06 PM
L90
11:34:06 PM
1:19:06 AM
3:04:06 AM
4:49:06 AM
6:34:06 AM
8:19:06 AM
10:04:06 AM
25/5/21
11:49:06 AM
1:34:06 PM
3:19:06 PM
5:04:06 PM
Figure 2.1 - Ambient Noise Monitoring Results, 34 Elm Street, Cooroy
6:49:06 PM
8:34:06 PM
10:19:06 PM
12:04:06 AM
1:49:06 AM
3:34:06 AM
5:19:06 AM
7:04:06 AM
8:49:06 AM
10:34:06 AM
26/5/21
12:19:06 PM
2:04:06 PM
Page 8 of 24
Page 13
3 Criteria
3.1 Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2019
The Environmental Protection Act 1994 provides a framework for the management of noise in
Queensland. The Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2019, EPP (Noise), specifically identifies
the acoustic environmental values that are to be enhanced or protected. These values include:
➢ The protection of human health and wellbeing by ensuring a suitable acoustic environment
for individuals;
➢ The protection of the amenity of the community;
➢ The protection of health and biodiversity of ecosystems.
There are two main considerations when assessing noise from sources such as car washes, namely
➢ The acoustic quality objective – noise levels that are conducive to human health and
wellbeing, ensuring a suitable acoustic environment for individuals to sleep, study or learn,
be involved in recreation, including relaxation and conversation; and preserve the qualities
of the acoustic environment that are conducive to protecting the amenity of the
community;
➢ Controlling background creep.
3.1.1 Acoustic Quality Objectives
The EPP (Noise) defines the acoustic quality objective as seeking to protect the amenity of an
acoustic environment. The indoor night-time goals address sleep disturbances and sleep
awakenings, while during the day it protects the ability to have a conversation.
The acoustic quality objectives are expressed as indoor noise level goals for dwellings during the
night period, from 10pm to 7am, and outdoor noise level goals during the day and evening periods,
7am to 6pm and 6pm to 10pm respectively. The EHP EcoAccess Guideline “Planning for Noise
Control” proposes that a typical residential building façade reduction is between 5-10dB(A) with
windows open for ventilation. EcoAcoustics understands that based on this noise reduction range,
EHP applies a reduction of 7dB(A) from outside a house to inside a house with windows fully open.
Table 3.1 provides a summary of the acoustic quality objectives.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 9 of 24
Page 14
Table 3.1: EPP (Noise) Acoustic Quality Objectives
Acoustic Quality Objectives at Noise
Sensitive Receptors, dB(A) Environmental
Sensitive Receptor Time of Day
Values
LAeq, adj, 1hr LA10, adj, 1hr LA1, adj, 1hr
Daytime 7am to 6pm & Evening Health &
Dwelling Outdoors 50 55 65
6pm to 10pm wellbeing
Daytime 7am to 6pm & Evening Health &
Dwelling Indoors 35 40 45
6pm to 10pm wellbeing
Health &
wellbeing in
Dwelling Indoors Night time 10pm to 7am 30 35 40
relation to the
ability to sleep
Table 3.2 shows the adjustments that are to be added to the measured noise levels at a receptor
location to derive the adjusted level (adj) if the noise is subjectively assessed to be tonal or
impulsive in character.
Table 3.2: Noise Character Adjustments at Sensitive Receptors
Noise Characteristic Adjustment to Noise Level
Tonal characteristic is just audible +2dB(A)
Tonal characteristic is clearly audible +5dB(A)
Impulsive characteristic is just audible +2dB(A)
Impulsive characteristic is clearly audible +5dB(A)
3.1.2 Background Creep
Background creep is defined as the cumulative increase in minimum noise levels generated by
continuously operating noise sources. Controlling background creep seeks to avoid intrusiveness.
To the extent that it is reasonable to do so, noise from an activity must not be:
➢ For noise that is continuous, the noise must not be greater than the existing acoustic
environment; or
➢ For noise that varies over time, the noise must not be more than 5 dB(A) greater than the
existing acoustic environment.
The EPP (Noise) does not define “continuous noise” but by definition, “continuous noise” would be
required to occur for at least 90% of the measurement period (typically 15 minutes or 60 minutes).
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 10 of 24
Page 15
Based on the measured noise levels discussed in Section 2, Table 3.3 sets out the applicable noise
limits to control background creep.
Table 3.3: Background Creep Noise Limits
Time of day Measured Background Continuous Noise Limit Variable Noise Limit
Daytime 7am to 6pm 47 47 52
Evening 6pm to 10pm 39 39 44
Night 10pm to 7am 34 34 39
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 11 of 24
Page 16
4 Noise Modelling
4.1 Methodology
Computer modelling has been used to calculate the noise levels at nearby residences. Noise
modelling is used as it is not affected by background noise sources and can provide the noise level
for various weather conditions.
The software incorporates the CONCAWE algorithms enabling the modelling to include the
influence of wind and atmospheric stability. Input data required in the model are:
➢ Topographical data;
➢ Ground Absorption; and
➢ Source sound power levels.
4.1.1 Topographical Data
Topographical data was based on information provided by the client, and obtained from Intramaps.
4.1.2 Ground Absorption
Ground absorption varies from a value of 0 to 1, with 0 being for an acoustically reflective ground
(e.g. water or bitumen) and 1 for acoustically absorbent ground (e.g. grass). In this instance value of
0.6 has been used for the surrounding area, and 0 has been used for the site.
4.1.3 Source Sound Levels
Table 4.2 shows the sound power levels used in the modelling. The sound power levels have been
determined based on file data and manufacturer’s data provided by the client, along with the
measurements of the existing site.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 12 of 24
Page 17
Table 4.2: Source Sound Power Levels
Octave Band Centre Frequency, dB (Hz)
Description Overall dB(A)
63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k
Automated Carwash entry/exit (without
82 83 84 85 87 86 85 92
doors)
Automated Carwash entry or exit with
closed automatic PVC 3mm door 70 75 72 71 65 61 53 71
(achieving Rw 23)
Manual wash bay (including super wash
79 80 80 82 83 83 80 88
bay)
Vacuum (unattenuated) 85 80 82 80 81 82 85 92
Dog Wash bay 70 71 71 73 74 74 71 79
3 Phase Vacuum System 75 70 72 70 71 72 75 79
Vehicles starting and moving around site 96 89 85 83 79 78 70 85
Car doors shutting 97 90 86 84 80 77 71 86
Air Conditioning Condenser Unit 80 82 81 80 77 73 70 82
Exhaust Fan 58 61 65 52 51 50 65 67
4.1.4 Three-Dimensional Site Render
Figure 4.1 presents the 3-dimensional render showing the site and surroundings from the north-
west perspective. Figure 4.2 presents the 3-dimensional render showing the site and surroudings
from the south-east perspective.
Residential Residential
Commercial
Commercial
Auto Bays Plant
Room Manual Bays
Take-Away
Coffee
Commercial
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 13 of 24
Page 18
Figure 4.1: 3-dimensional Render of Site and Surroundings Northern Elevation (source: EcoAcoustics
Pty Ltd)
Residential
Commercial
Commercial
Manual Bays Takeaway
Plant
coffee
Room
Dog Bays Auto Bays
Vacuum Bays
Figure 4.2: 3-dimensional Render of Site and Surroundings Southern Elevation (source: EcoAcoustics
Pty Ltd)
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 14 of 24
Page 19
5 Noise Impact Assessment
The noise level predictions for the car wash assume the following:
➢ All wash bays, both automatic and manual, along with the vacuum bays and dog wash bays
are operating simultaneously to represent a worst case scenario, the model also assumes
that there are four vehicles travelling around the site or waiting for the wash bays;
➢ The proposed automatic car wash bays will be fitted with automatic doors on the exit
equivalent to a PVC clear 2.5 mm door blade (which provides a minimum Rw 23);
➢ The predictions include a roof over the entry to the autowash bays as shown in Figures 1.2
and 1.3;
➢ The percentage breakdown contained in Table 1.1 has been used to determine the impact of
the site during the day, evening and night time periods;
➢ Based on the sound power data provided, the noise associated with the automatic car wash
has no tonal, impulsive or modulating characteristics therefore no penalty adjustment is
applicable;
➢ A +2dB tonality adjustment has been applied for the predicted vacuum noise levels;
➢ The plant room roof is to be lined with 50mm 32kg/m3 sound absorbing insulation;
➢ Three-phase vacuums will be used on the site; and
➢ Mechanical plant for the take-away coffee running constantly during the day time and
evening periods with a +2dB tonality adjustment applied to the predictions.
Table 5.1 presents the predicted daytime and evening noise levels associated with both automatic
car wash bays, all hand wash bays and vacuum bays and compares the results to the criteria from
EPP (Noise). Please note that predictions include the noise attenuation requirements discussed in
Section 6 of this report. Figure 5.1 presents the noise contours for the proposed carwash based on
all sources operating for the daytime scenario.
Table 5.1: Predicted Noise from Proposed Carwash Site During Day, Evening & 5am to 7am Time
Periods
Complies with Day Complies with
Noise Limit of Predicted Evening Limit of
Predicted Variable
Address of Reciever (ref LAeq adj 1 hour 52dB(A) Variable Evening 44dB(A) LAeq adj 1 hour
Daytime Level,
Figure 1.1) (and daytime Noise Level, and Background
LAeq adj 1 hour dB(A)
background creep of LAeq adj 1 hour dB(A) Creep Limit of
47dB(A) 39dB(A) LAeq adj 1 hour
8 Opal Street 45 Complies 38 Complies
10 Opal Street 44 Complies 36 Complies
12 Opal Strteet 37 Complies 36 Complies
11 Diamond Street 36 Complies 30 Complies
12 Diamond Street 42 Complies 36 Complies
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 15 of 24
Page 20
The results presented in Table 5.1 show that the predicted noise levels comply with the most
stringent criteria during the day and evening time periods.
Calculations have also been made to determine the noise emissions during the night period with
the site operating based on the night time period usage percentages in Table 1.1. Site operations
include one auto wash bay and super wash bay operating simultaneously, along with vehicles
travelling through the site and the continuous noise from the plant room. Table 5.2 presents the
resultant noise levels.
Table 5.1: Predicted Noise from Proposed Carwash Site During Nighttime Period
Complies with Nighttime Noise
Predicted Variable Nighttime Limit of LAeq adj 1 hour 39 dB(A) (and
Address of Reciever (ref Figure 1.1)
Level, LAeq adj 1 hour dB(A) daytime background creep of 34
dB(A)
8 Opal Street 34 Complies
10 Opal Street 33 Complies
12 Opal Strteet 32 Complies
11 Diamond Street 28 Complies
12 Diamond Street 30 Complies
During the night time period, vacuum bays are not permitted to operate.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 16 of 24
Page 21
2223: s¢ias 23 Ses 32 EcoAcoustics Figure 5.1 RASA Page 17 of 24 2 3 4 Ref: 21030929 - o1a
Page 22
6 Recommendations and Discussion
To ensure compliance with the EPP (Noise), the following recommendations are required to be
incorporated into the proposed carwash:
➢ All vacuum bays are required to be three-phase vacuums;
➢ The plant room roof is to be lined with 50mm 32kg/m3 sound absorbing insulation or
similar ;
➢ The proposed automatic car wash bays will be fitted with automatic doors on the exit
equivalent to a PVC clear 2.5 mm door blade (which provides a minimum Rw 23);
➢ The entry to the automatic wash bays will be fitted with a roof as shown in Figures 1.2 and
1.3;
➢ Vacuum bays are not permitted to operate during the night time period.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 18 of 24
Page 23
7 Conclusion The results of the noise predictions show that the proposed car wash and take away coffee site can comply with the noise criteria set out in EPP (Noise) for all time periods at nearby residential receivers with the inclusion of the attenuation measures discussed in Section 6. Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 19 of 24
Page 24
Appendix A Terminology Ref: 21030929 - o1a Page 20 of 24
Page 25
Terminology Ambient Noise Ambient noise refers to the level of noise from all sources, including background noise as well as the source of interest. A-Weighting An A-weighted noise level is a noise level that has been filtered as to represent the way in which the human ear distinguishes sound. This weighting indicates the human ear is more sensitive to higher frequencies than lower frequencies. The A-weighted sound level is described as LA dB. Background Noise Background noise is the noise level from sources other than the source of interest. Background may originate from such things as traffic noise, wind induced noise, industrial noise etc. Decibel (dB) The decibel is the unit that characterises the sound power levels and sound pressure of a noise source. It is a logarithmic scale with regard to the threshold of hearing. Impulsive Noise An impulsive noise source is a short-term impact noise which may originate from such things as banging, clunking or explosive sound. LA1 An LA1 level is the A-weighted noise level which is overreached for one percent of a measurement period. It represents the average of the maximum noise levels measured. LA1 assigned level An assigned LA1 level which is not to be exceeded for more than 1% of a delegated assessment period. LA10 assigned level An assigned LA10 level which is not to be exceeded for more than 10% of a delegated assessment period. LA10 An LA10 level is the A-weighted noise level which is exceeded for 10 percent of the measurement period and is considered to represent the “intrusive” noise level. LA90 An LA90 level is the A-weighted noise level which is overreached for 90 percent of the measurement period. It is represents the “background” noise level. LAeq LAeq refers to the comparable steady state of an A-weighted sound which, over a specified time period, contains the same acoustic energy as the time-varying level during the specified time period. It represents the “average” noise level. Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 21 of 24
Page 26
LAFast
The noise level in decibels, obtained using the A frequency weighting and the F time weighting as
specified in AS1259.1-1990. LAFast is used when examining the presence of modulation.
LAmax
The LAMax level is the maximum A-weighted noise level throughout a specified measurement.
LAmax assigned level
The LAmax assigned level describes a level which is not to be exceeded at any time.
LAPeak
The LAPeak level is the maximum reading (measured in decibels) during a measurement period,
using the A frequency weighting and P time weighting AS1259.1-1990.
LASlow
A LASlow level is the noise level (measured in decibels) obtained using the A frequency weighting and
S time weighting as specified in AS1259.1-1990
Major Road
A Major road has an estimated average daily traffic count of more than 15,000 vehicles.
Maximum Design Sound Level
Maximum Design Sound Level is the level of noise beyond hearing range of most people occupying
the space start, become dissatisfied with the level of noise.
Modulating Noise
A modulating source is an audible, cyclic and regular source. It is present for at least 10% of a
measurement period. The quantitative definition of tonality is:
a fluctuation in the discharge of noise which;
a) is more than 3 dB LA Fast or is more than 3 dB LA Fast in any one-third octave band;
b) is present for at least 10% of the representative
One-Third-Octave Band
One-Third-Octave-Band are frequencies that span one-third of an octave which have a centre
frequency between 25 Hz and 20 000 Hz inclusive.
Representative Assessment Period
Representative Assessment Period describes a period of time not less than 15 minutes, and not
surpassing four hours. It is determined by an inspector or authorised person to be suitable for the
assessment of noise emissions.
Reverberation Time
Reverberation time refers to an enclosure for a sound of a specified frequency or frequency band as
well as the time that would be necessary for the reverberantly decaying sound pressure level in the
enclosure to decrease by 60 decibels.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 22 of 24
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RMS
The root mean square level is used to represent the average level of a wave form such as vibration.
Satisfactory Design Sound Level
Satisfactory Design Sound Level refers to the level of noise that has been found to be acceptable for
the environment in question, which is also to be non-intrusive.
Sound Pressure Level (Lp)
Sound Pressure Level refers to a noise source which is dependent upon surroundings, and is
influenced by meteorological conditions, topography, ground absorption; distance etc. Sound
Pressure Level is what the human ear actually hears. Noise modelling predicts the sound pressure
level from the sound power levels whilst taking into account the effect of relevant factors
(meteorological conditions, topography, ground absorption; distance etc).
Sound Power Level (Lw)
A sound power level of a noise source cannot be directly measured using a sound level meter. It is
calculated based on measured sound pressure levels at recognised distances. Noise modelling
includes source sound power levels as part of the input data.
Specific Noise
Specific Noise relates to the component of the ambient noise of interest. It can be specified as the
noise of interest or the noise of concern.
Tonal Noise
A tonal noise source can be designated as a source that has a specific noise emission over one or
several frequencies, such as droning. The quantitative definition of tonality is:
the presence in the noise emission of tonal characteristics where the difference between —
a) the A-weighted sound pressure level in any one-third octave band; and
b) the arithmetic average of the A-weighted sound pressure levels in the 2 adjacent one-third
octave bands, is greater than 3 dB when the sound pressure levels are determined as LAeq,T
levels where the time period T is greater than 10% of the representative assessment period,
or greater than 8 dB at any time when the sound pressure levels are determined as LA Slow
levels.
Ref: 21030929 - 01a Page 23 of 24
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Chart of Noise Level Descriptors 95 Train Pass-by / Heavy Truck Pass-by 5 |. Lmax=85 dBA: Leq (60s)=75 dBA a \ max =77 d8A———# 2 = = $ 65 = 3 < 3 $5 45 a — na —— A -¥ 1 10 20 30 40 50 Time (seconds) =——=Leq (60s) —@—Sound Levels (dBA) Typical Noise Levels Threshold of pain 130 dB Pneumatic drill 120 dB Loud car horn one metre away 110 dB Airport 100 dB 2 Pa@ ME inside underground train or Se alongside mainline railway mm 869008 inside bus 80 dB Busy residential road 70 dB Conversational speech 60 dB Living room with music or television playing quietly 50 dB Quiet office 40 dB Bedroom 30 dB Recording studio 20 dB Broadcasting studio 20 Pi 10 dB Threshold of hearing 0.00002 P3 gees gee = 0 dB < ‘o Po af age Ref: 21030929 - o1a Page 24 of 24