EASTERN BEACHES FORESHORE RESERVES MANAGEMENT PLAN - COMMUNITY CONSULTATION OVERVIEW AND PROPOSED CHANGES (Referred from Planning and Environment Committee dated 8 August 2023 - Item 5.1) · Attachment 2 EBFRMP 2023 Draft - tracked changes

are obscured by foot traffic or the tide. Accredited and experienced volunteers map and record
each nest, including species (from track characteristics), date and weather and sand conditions.
Each nest is assessed by the volunteers for the likelihood of impacts such as flooding, crushing
from traffic, exposure from erosion and similar. If these impacts are considered too likely, the nest
will be moved by the volunteers to a safer place, often usually in the dunes nearby. The turtle nest
is meshed with plastic mesh to protect them from dogs and foxes – the mesh must be plastic as
metal will interfere with the hatchlings natural magnetic field navigation for later trans-ocean
migration and return to their hatching region.

Volunteers monitor the nest and dig the nests to determine the number of eggs and rate of
hatching success after the hatchlings have emerged. Data collected is used to inform future turtle
conservation and management.

Turtle Monitoring volunteers also respond to reports of ill or dead turtles. Live turtles are
transported to treatment and care facilities., Ddead turtles may be collected for necropsy, if fresh,
at an associated institution to determine the cause of death. Dead turtles are reported to Council
and the Department of Environment and Science.
reported

Turtle Monitoring and Action Group volun

Land based threats to turtles
Eroded foredunes: If the frontal dunes are too steep turtles are not able to climb them. They are
more likely to lay their eggs at the foot of the dunes, where they are more vulnerable to flooding,
getting washed away, or crushed by vehicles.

Foxes, wild dogs and domestic dogs: These predators sniffThey sniff out the eggs, dig them up
and eat them.

Hard plastic, soft plastic, inflated and burst balloons look like food to turtles: They can block
and fill turtle stomachs and intestines, causing starvation, illness, and death. Biodegradable plastic
and balloons still cause problems as they don’t break down quickly or reliably enough, and often
break down into microplastics.

Light: Baby turtles move towards the brightest light they can see, thinking it is the moon shining
over the ocean. They are easily confused by artificial lights on the land that penetrate through to
the beach, and may end up lost in the dunes, in drains or on roads. Nesting female turtles are
discouraged from laying on lighted beaches and may also be confused by light when returning to
the sea, although to a lesser degree than hatchlings.

Climate change: Higher sand temperatures during incubation means that less males are being
hatched. Sea level rise and increasing storm occurrence and intensity means that nests are more
likely to be flooded or washed away. Frontal dunes are more likely to be eroded and steep,
preventing turtle access and making it more likely nests are laid where they could be flooded or
crushed by traffic. Climate change mitigation measures like sea walls or beach nourishment can
also cause problems by preventing access, burying nests or changing the consistency of the sand.


Pandanus
Pandanus palms are an iconic local in both our natural areas and coastal open space. Pandanus
leafhopper (Jamella australiae) first arrived in South East Queensland from North Queensland on
transplanted pandanus trees for landscaping in the early 1990’s. There was a significant loss
(>75%) of pandanus as leaf hopper populations exploded in the absence of their native predators,
and community groups, scientists and land managers worked to discover both the cause and
effective treatment.

Eastern Beaches Foreshore Reserves Management Plan 2023                                        Page 36