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Appendix F - Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan
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BUSHFIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
PLAN v1
LOT 2 ON RP131369
108 BLACK MOUNTAIN RANGE ROAD
BLACK MOUNTAIN
FOR
TOTAL CONCEPT HOMES
JANUARY 2021
PO Box 9566 Pacific Paradise QLD 4564 / Email: [email protected]
ABN 60 625 108 625
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document: Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan
Client: Total Concept Homes
Project Number: J000669
Project: Reconfiguration of a Lot (1 into 2)
Site: Lot 2 on RP131369
108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
File Ref: C:\CLIENTS\TOTAL CONCEPT HOMES – 108 BLACK MOUNTAIN RANGE
RD\04_REPORTING\BHAMP\Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1
– 108 Black Mountain Range Rd, Black Mountain.docx
Version Date Distribution Author/s Approved
1 13/01/2021 John Gillespie - N. Willis (B. Sc., Dip. Joshua Lee
Cadcon CLM., mAABR) – (B. Sc. AES, mEIANZ)
Tim English – Total Principal Ecologist - Director
Concept Homes
DISCLAIMER
To the extent permitted by law, North Coast Environmental Services (including its employees, partners and consultants) excludes
all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses, and any other
compensation, arising directly or indirectly, from using this publication (in part or whole) and any information or material contained
in it.
© 2021 i
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 BACKGROUND 4 1.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY BUSHFIRE INTENSITY OVERLAY MAP 4 1.3 DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL 4 2 SITE DESCRIPTION 5 2.1 GENERAL 5 2.2 TOPOGRAPHY 5 2.3 VEGETATION 6 2.3.1 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 3.1 – NOTOPHYLL VINE FOREST 8 2.3.2 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 9.1 – MOIST TO DRY EUCALYPT OPEN FORESTS ON COASTAL LOWLANDS AND RANGES 8 2.3.3 VEGETATION HAZARD CLASS 39.2 – LOW TO MODERATE TREE COVER IN BUILT UP AREAS 9 2.4 VEGETATION EXTERNAL OF THE 150M ASSESSMENT BUFFER 9 3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT 11 3.1 HAZARD ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 11 3.2 LOCAL HAZARD AREA MAP 11 3.3 QUANTITATIVE MODELLING 15 4 BUSHFIRE RISK ASSESSMENT 17 4.1 GENERAL 17 4.2 RISK FROM IDENTIFIED HAZARDOUS VEGETATION 18 4.3 SUMMARY 18 5 BUSHFIRE IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES 20 5.1 GENERAL 20 5.2 ASSET PROTECTION ZONES 20 5.2.1 GENERAL 20 5.2.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY – STATE INTEREST GUIDANCE MATERIAL (NATURAL HAZARDS, RISKS AND RESILIENCE – BUSHFIRE) DECEMBER 2019 REQUIREMENTS 20 5.3 WATER SUPPLY 21 5.4 FIRE BREAKS 22 5.5 VEHICULAR ACCESS 22 5.6 LANDSCAPING AND REGROWTH 22 5.7 GENERAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE 23 6 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD 3959:2018 CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS (AS 3959:2018) SETBACKS 24 7 LEGISLATION AND OVERLAYS 25 7.1 NOOSA PLAN 2020 – NATURAL HAZARDS OVERLAY CODE 25 7.2 STATE PLANNING POLICY – NATURAL HAZARDS, RISK AND RESILIENCE 29 8 CONCLUSIONS 30 8.1 CERTIFICATION MATTERS 30 © 2021 ii
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain 9 REFERENCES 31 APPENDIX 1 – SITE LAYOUT 32 APPENDIX 2 – LOT 2 BLE RADIANT HEAT EXPOSURE FLAMESOL 33 © 2021 iii
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to assess and
manage the degree of potential bushfire hazard and associated risk acting on Lot 2 on RP131369,
located at 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain (referenced hereafter as ‘the site’).
The site is the subject of a Reconfiguration of a Lot (1 into 2) development application to be
submitted to Noosa Shire Council. This assessment has been prepared to assist Council with
their decision-making process.
1.2 State Planning Policy Bushfire Intensity Overlay Map
The site is mapped under the State Planning Policy (SPP) as containing the following Potential
Bushfire Intensity areas (refer to Plate 1):
· Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity area; and
· Potential Impact Buffer.
Plate 1 – SPP Bushfire Intensity Mapping Overlay
Under Chapter 2, Part 1, Section 8, Item 4(a) of the Planning Act 2016, where there is an
inconsistency between a State planning policy and local government planning instrument, a State
planning policy applies instead of a regional plan or local planning instrument. Therefore, in this
instance, the SPP Bushfire Prone Areas mapping prevails with respect to the currency of the
assigned risk classes and the trigger for assessment under Council’s Natural Hazards Overlay
Code.
1.3 Development Proposal
The applicant is seeking approval to subdivide an existing 5.98ha rural residential allotment into
two new rural residential allotments. Lot 2 is proposed to occupy 1.597ha within the north-west
of the site, and Lot 1 will include the existing dwelling and the remaining 4.38ha within the site.
Access is proposed via a shared access driveway connecting to Black Mountain Range Road.
The Plan of Development is included as Appendix 1.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
2 Site Description
2.1 General
The site measures 5.98ha and is flanked by Black Mountain Range Road on the western
boundary. The site is located within a rural residential landscape characterised by residential
dwellings, vegetated areas, amenity plantings, areas of open pasture and hobby farms.
The eastern extent of the site and the north-west corner of the site are dominated by regrowth
vegetation. A residential dwelling and associated shed exist with the south-western corner of the
site, located within an area of maintained grass with scattered trees.
The site is zoned as Rural Residential within the Noosa Plan 2020.
Plate 2 depicts the site’s position in the landscape and the extent of existing development.
Plate 2 – Site Context (Source: NearMap 2020)
2.2 Topography
The slope of the land is a major determinant of fire behaviour, particularly the slope of the land
under vegetation that contributes to bushfire hazard. Fire burns faster as it travels up slope, via
preheating of unburnt fuels ahead of the fire, increasing the rate of spread and fireline intensity.
Conversely, fires move more slowly as they travel downslope. Fireline intensity (kW/m) is a
function of the rate of spread (QFES 2019).
The site is dominated by a predominantly east-west aligned broad ridgeline which traverses the
site resulting in mixed aspects and topography. Moderate slopes decline from the ridge line and
descend to ephemeral drainage lines contained within gullies. The site reaches a topographic
high of approximately 193 AHD on the western boundary and declines towards the south-east
corner of the site to a topographic low of approximately 145 AHD. The site exhibits variable slopes
of approximately 5-15 degrees.
Plate 3 depicts topography conditions within and adjacent to the site.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
Plate 3 – Site Topography (Source: NC Interactive Maps)
2.3 Vegetation
The following vegetation hazard classes (classified in accordance with QFES (2019)) were
identified within the assessment area which includes a 150m buffer surrounding the site:
· Vegetation hazard Class 3.1 – Notophyll vine forest:
· Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 – Moist to dry eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands
and ranges; and
· Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 – Low to moderate tree cover in built up areas.
The characteristics of each observed vegetation hazard class are described in the following
sections. Plan No. BF01 – Vegetation Hazard Classes depicts their distribution across the
assessment area.
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Vegetation Hazard Class 3.1 Notophyll Vine Forest Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 Moist to dry Eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands and ranges VHC 39,2 Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 Low to moderate tree cover in built up areas UNITS OF VEGETATION REMOVED eA AS PER THE PATCH AND CORRIDOR FILTERING PROCESS 4 (Leonard et. al (2017) North Coast TEEN TT " Environmental PO Box 9568 Pacite Parssse. cis 4584 | BUSHFIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT TOTAL CONCEPT HOMES Jo00669 SOTVICSS commun Aenveoeasesee | 408 BLACK MOUNTAIN RANGE RD, BLACK MOUNTAIN z BFO1 SCALE 1;3000 @ A3 Thanend TED wuts FOR OR BY ate
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
2.3.1 Vegetation Hazard Class 3.1 – Notophyll vine forest
Vegetation Hazard Class 3.1 (VHC 3.1) is present within the north-west and eastern extent of the
site and located offsite to the south and north. The vegetation generally consists of early phase
regrowth and has attained an average height of 20m. The canopy is dominated by Acacia
melanoxylon (black wattle), Commersonia bartramia (brown kurrajong), Flindersia schottiana
(bumpy ash) and Alphitonia excelsa (red ash). Crown cover percentage is approximately 60% with
the majority of canopy trees attaining an average diameter at breast height (DBH) of approximately
150-200mm.
The mid-storey is mid-dense and contains sub-adult canopy species and additional species such as
Litsea leefeana (brown bolly gum), Guioa semiglauca (native quince), Acacia disparrima (hickory
wattle), Ficus fraseri (sandpaper fig) and the invasive species Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor
laurel).
The understorey is highly degraded and dominated by the invasive species Lantana camara
(lantana).
VHC 3.1 is attributed a potential combined surface fuel load of 4.4t/ha and a potential total fuel load
of 4.4t/ha (QFES, 2019). Plate 4 depicts typical conditions within VHC 3.1.
Plate 4 – Characteristic vegetation within VHC 3.1
2.3.2 Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 – Moist to dry Eucalypt open forests on coastal lowlands
and ranges
Vegetation Hazard Class 9.1 (VHC 9.1) is present offsite to the west of Black Mountain Range Road.
The upper canopy has attained an average height of 40m and is dominated by Eucalyptus grandis
(flooded gum). Corymbia intermedia (pink bloodwood) and Lophostemon confertus (brushbox) were
also observed within the canopy, having a sub-dominant presence. Crown cover percentage is
approximately 40% with the majority of flooded gums reaching an average diameter at breast height
(DBH) of approximately 500mm.
The mid-storey is sparse and is dominated by Acacia melanoxylon (black wattle), Commersonia
bartramia (brown kurrajong), Flindersia schottiana (bumpy ash) and Alphitonia excelsa (red ash).
The understorey is moderately degraded and includes native and exotic grasses, and ferns such as
Pteridium esculentum (bracken fern).
VHC 9.1 is attributed a potential combined surface fuel load of 21t/ha and a potential total fuel load
of 24.2t/ha (QFES, 2019). Plate 5 depicts typical conditions within VHC 9.1.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
Plate 5 – Characteristic vegetation within VHC 9.1
2.3.3 Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 – Low to moderate tree cover in built up areas
Vegetation Hazard Class 39.2 (VHC 39.2) is present within the central extent of the site flanking the
proposed new building envelope and dominates the surrounding landscape within the assessment
area. VHC 39.2 is characterised by large rural-residential allotments with periodically slashed or
grazed areas of pasture grass with low density woody vegetation.
VHC 39.2 is attributed a potential total fuel load of 5.0t/ha and a total potential fuel load of 8t/ha.
Plate 6 depicts typical conditions within VHC 39.2.
Plate 6 – Characteristic vegetation within VHC 39.2
2.4 Vegetation external of the 150m assessment buffer
The vegetation units within the site are connected to narrow vegetation corridors which form
continuous vegetation units across the landscape. Whilst much of the surrounding landscape has
been historically cleared, vegetation has generally been allowed to regrow on steeper slopes and
within gully lines, with areas exhibiting gentler slopes retained as pasture and occupied by rural-
residential land uses. The dominance of regrowth vine forest vegetation within the surrounding rural
residential landscape interspersed with cleared areas infers a generally low hazard landscape
surrounding the assessment area.
However, given the extent of bushland in the landscape and the dominant regional fire winds from
the west to north-west, there remains a risk to the site from potential uncontained wildfire originating
to the west and burning up through the open Eucalypt forest located to the west of Black Mountain
Range Road.
Plate 7 depicts the general extent of bushland habitat and dominant fire runs surrounding the site.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
Plate 6 – Dominant forest fire runs (Source: Queensland Globe)
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT
3.1 Hazard Assessment Methodology
The Noosa Planning Scheme requires that a site-specific bushfire hazard assessment be prepared
to assess the degree of bushfire hazard on a site captured within a mapped Designated Bushfire
Hazard Area. The SPP Bushfire Prone Area mapping prevails over the Noosa Bushfire Hazard Area
mapping with respect to the currency of the methodology adopted to prepare the mapping.
Accordingly, the site-specific hazard mapping required is to be prepared consistent with the
methodology adopted to prepare the SPP mapping.
The methodology used to prepare the SPP mapping is described in:
· Department of Infrastructure, Local Government and Planning’s Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience –– Bushfire (December 2019) State Planning Policy – state interest guidance
material; and
· Queensland Fire and Emergency Services - (2019) Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities.
Site-specific hazard maps are referred to as Local Hazard Area Maps in the SPP documents. The
preparation of Local Hazard Area Maps has been undertaken for the site in accordance with the
methodology described in the above referenced documents.
3.2 Local Hazard Area Map
A Local Hazard Area Map was prepared by adopting the following methodology:
· Categorizing the vegetation within the site in accordance with the vegetation hazard classes
derived from QFES (2019);
· Using the patch and corridor filtering process to remove narrow corridors and small patches
of VHC’s1;
· Subdividing the identified vegetation hazard classes into bushfire hazard sub-units based on
slope differences and vegetation hazard classes. All upslope and across slope vegetation
units are allocated an underlying slope of 1 degree as per methodology prescribed within
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services - (2019) Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities. The maximal slope recorded within a 3 x 3 grid comprised of 25m x 25m
individual grids within the VHC’s is adopted as the effective slope underlying the VHC. A
conservative approach is adopted where multiple slopes persist within VHC’s;
· Assigning SPP Potential Bushfire Intensity classes to the sub-units;
· Application of 150m Potential Impact Buffers to the amended sub-units to derive an overall
Local Hazard Area Map.
1
The patch and corridor filtering process to remove or downgrade hazard levels of small patches and narrow corridors involves the
following three stages:
· Merging small patches of a single Vegetation Hazard Class less than 0.5 ha;
· Merging small Vegetation Hazard Class patches between 0.5 and 1 ha with higher or moderate fuel loads (greater than 8
tonnes/ha); and
· Removing narrow corridors of vegetation less than 50m wide through a process of patch erosion and dilation. These small
patches are merged with surrounding vegetation by allocating a patch to the Vegetation Hazard Class that is most common to
the patch boundary (Leonard et al., 2017).
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain Table 1 details the Potential Bushfire Intensity classes and their corresponding potential fire-line intensity (KW/m) values as prescribed within Leonard et. al. 2017. Table 1: Potential Bushfire Intensity classes The sub-unit level Local Hazard Area Map is presented as Plan No. BF02 – Sub-Units and identifies the site is host to Low Potential Bushfire Intensity areas. A High Potential Bushfire Intensity area is located to the west of the site beyond Black Mountain Range Road. The overall Local Hazard Map is presented as Plan No. BF03 – Local Hazard Map and identifies the site is host to a Potential Impact Buffer area within the western extent associated with the offsite High Potential Bushfire Intensity area. The balance of land within the 150m assessment area is mapped as Low hazard. The Local Hazard Map presented in Plan No. BF03 is to supersede the SPP broadscale mapping attributed to the site and should be used to guide the formulation of appropriate site-based bushfire management measures for the proposal. © 2021 12
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PO Box 9586 Pacifc Paradise. Qld. 4564
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Sub Unit 1 (slope set to 1° due to vegetation generally being located upslope or acrass slope from the development ares)
(Fireline intensity calc.ilated using Flzmesol medelling adopting raintorest as the “el evant vegetation type)
aececcee
up areas
Combined Maximum Potential
Vegetation Hazard Class Surace and Total Fuel ame Landscape Fireline Potential
# Near Jioad (t/ha) “YY | slope intensity Bushfire
Surface Fuel (FrDt) td } (kw/m) Intensity*|
i NC A.t Nexon! vine TT ad 47 1 64 | low
Sub Unit 2
(Fireline intensity calculated using Flemesol medelling adopting forest as the -elevant vegetation type)
Combined Maximum Potential
Vegetation Hazard Class |CUNe@2#04 | Toei rued [ime eaten eriscape: Fircline! | orem
# head Load (t/ha) Se Slope Intensity Coe
Surface Fuel (FFDI) (denrees a eee] Intensity*}
Load {t/ha} &
VRC a = Notophv! vine 44 a4 a 16 1,701 Low
Sub Unit 3
(Fireline intensity calculated using Flemesol mcdelling adopting forest as the -elevant vegetation type)
Combined
Maximum Potential
Vegetation Hazard Class | Y2°®2"4) total Fuel [FE WERE andscape Fireline | Potemta!
# Neer Load (t/ha) Severity Slope Intensity re
Surface Fuel (FFDI) (d } (kw/m) Intensity*}
Loud (u/ha) legrees} wm!
|VHC 9,1 - Moist to dry
Eucalypt open forests on
Eoeecenoa * m2 ” » aaa
[ranges
Sub Unit 4
(Fireline intensity calculated using Flemesol mcdelling adopting woodland as the -elevant veretation type)
Combined
Maximum Potential .
Vepetation Hazard Closs |maiaimmiiial | Ere tel | aaisaiad | Tenet relies | eee
# SSS reel (errr) | scat | cree reer | esse
Surface Fuel (FFDI} (de Ra dk Is } Intensity*|
Load {t/ha} legrees} wim!
VHC 39.2- Low to ; ;
5 8 a7 16 3515 | Low
CSIRO, Australia.
/# From: Leonard, J., & Opie, K., (2017) Estimating the potential bushfire hazard of vegetation patches and
corridors —an enhancement of Queensland's methodol ogy for State-wide mapping of bushfire prone areas.
* From: Leonard, J,, Newnham, G., Opie, K., and Blanchi, R. (2014) Anew methodology for state-wide mapping of
lbushfire prone areas in Queensland. CSIRO, Australia.
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Page 15
LEGEND THE SITE 150M BUFFER TO SITE [ LOW POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY HIGH POTENTIAL BUSHFIRE INTENSITY (A3) 1:3000 ae ae m@iies ay hs) ! ¢ Environmental PO Box 9500 Pacite Paracse,ou-450¢ | BUSHFIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT TOTAL CONCEPT HOMES J000669 BFO3 A Yo SONIC eS commas Aane9e25 10882 | 498 BLACK MOUNTAIN RANGE RD, BLACK MOUNTAIN as ‘ Sa = 1:3000 @ A3
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
3.3 Quantitative Modelling
Quantitative modelling of the potential bushfire conditions that may be experienced within the
identified High Potential Bushfire Intensity Area associated with the VHC 9.1 open Eucalypt
forest to the west of the site has been undertaken to assist in determining the suitability of the
development and any asset setback requirements.
The models used comprise industry standard bushfire equations which have been built into
the FPAA endorsed FLAMESOL computer model. FLAMESOL allows numerous input
variables to be adjusted including fuel loads, fire danger index, site slope and distance to
vegetation. FLAMESOL uses the following algorithms:
· Rate of Spread – McArthur (1973) and Nobel et al. (1980)
· Flame Length – NSW Rural Fire Service (2001) and Nobel et al. (1980)
· Elevation of Receiver – Douglas and Tan (2005)
· Flame Angle – Douglas and Tan (2005)
· Radian Heat Flux – Drysdale (1999), Sullivan et al. (2003) and Douglas and Tan (2005)
The FLAMESOL Minimum Distance calculator has been used and comprises an AS
3959:2018 Method 2 (Appendix B) based calculator which will determine standard bushfire
behaviour variables as well as the minimum distances required to achieve a range of different
radiant heat levels (represented by BAL's).
Fuel load inputs have been drawn from Planning for Bushfire Resilient Communities (QFES
2019) based on the calculated potential fuel loads for VHC 9.1 (21t/ha surface and near
surface fuels and 24.2t/ha total fuels). 12º effective slope was adopted for the slope underlying
the vegetation unit located within the 150m assessment area.
A Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) of 47 has been adopted for the site consistent with the
assignment by QFES (Catalyst 2020) (refer Plate 7).
Plate 7 – FFDI (Source: QFES redi Map)
The Flamesol output results are shown in Plate 8.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
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Plate 8 – VHC 9.1 (open Eucalypt forest) - 12º
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
4 BUSHFIRE RISK ASSESSMENT
4.1 General
A bushfire risk assessment for the proposed building area has been prepared generally in
accordance with State Planning Policy – State Interest Guideline – Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience (DILGP, 2016) and AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018 – Risk Management Methodology.
The bushfire risk assessment details the likelihood that the proposed development will be
exposed to bushfire smoke, ember, radiant heat and/or flame attack considering the proximity
to bushfire prone vegetation and likely bushfire behaviour. Plate 9 illustrates the main bushfire
attack mechanisms acting on buildings.
Plate 9 – Figure A 5.1 Bushfire attack mechanisms (Planning for Bush Fire Protection, 2006)
According to AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018, a ‘hazard’ is defined as a source of potential harm or
a situation with a potential to cause loss, whereas a ‘risk’ is the chance of something
happening that will have an impact on objectives measured in terms of consequences and
likelihood. The State Planning Policy – State Interest Guideline – Natural Hazards, Risk and
Resilience (DILGP, April 2016) refers to ‘acceptable risk’, ‘tolerable risk’, and ‘intolerable risk’
which are defined below.
· Acceptable risk
o A risk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
sufficiently low to require no new treatments or actions to reduce risk further.
Individuals and society can live with this risk without feeling the necessity to
reduce the risks any further.
· Tolerable risk
o A risk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
low enough to allow the exposure to continue, and at the same time high
enough to require new treatments or actions to reduce risk. Society can live
with this risk but believe that as much as is reasonably practical should be done
to reduce the risks further.
· Intolerable risk
o A risk that, following an understanding of the likelihood and consequences, is
so high that it requires actions to avoid or reduce the risk. Individuals and
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain
society will not accept this risk and measures are to be put in place to reduce
risks to at least a tolerable level.
AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018 defines ‘Likelihood’ as the chance that something might happen.
Likelihood can be defined, determined, or measured objectively or subjectively and can be
expressed either qualitatively or quantitatively (using mathematics). The following ‘likelihood’
categories for the probability of the assessed bushfire attack mechanisms impacting the
assessment area have been adopted within this assessment:
· Likely - Will probably occur.
· Unlikely - Could occur but doubtful.
4.2 Risk from Identified Hazardous Vegetation
The Plan of Development depicts the building envelope within proposed Lot 2 external of the
mapped Potential Impact Buffer Area. The bushfire risk acting on the proposed building
envelope, in the absence of additional mitigation measures being implemented, is detailed in
Table 2.
Table 2 - Risk Assessment (Lot 2)
Direction & Slope North East South West 12º
Distance to
hazardous N/A N/A N/A ~170m
vegetation
VHC’s - - - 9.1
Attack Mechanism
Smoke* Not Not Not Not assessed
assessed assessed assessed
Ember** N/A N/A N/A Likely - Acceptable
Radiant Heat*** Likely – Tolerable 0.9kW/m²
N/A N/A N/A
(refer Appendix 2)
Flame**** N/A N/A N/A Likely - Acceptable
* Risk of smoke impact has not been assessed. Smoke can travel long distances and exhibit a variety of densities
and composition. It is therefore not readily practicable to determine the separation distances needed to attain the
various risk classes. Furthermore, individuals will react differently to smoke impacts whereas individuals will
generally exhibit similar reactions to direct flame and radiant heat.
** Sites <50m = Intolerable risk, >50m-<100m = Tolerable and >100m = Acceptable.
*** 1kW/m² radiant heat exposure is considered the upper limit of tolerable indefinite radiant heat exposure to
humans (QFES 2019).
**** Assets located within 1.5 x the modelled flame length from the Flamesol output are assigned an Intolerable
Risk.
Assets located within >1.5 - <3 x the modelled flame length from the Flamesol output are assigned a Tolerable
Risk.
Assets located >3 x the modelled flame length from the Flamesol output are assigned an Acceptable Risk.
4.3 Summary
Vegetation to the west to north-west of the site is located within a high-risk fire pathway to the
site given the typical high fire danger conditions attributed to north-westerly winds. The Plan
of Development provides an approximate 170m setback to VHC 9.1 open Eucalypt forest
occurring to the west of Black Mountain Range Road. The risk of fire impact from the west is
therefore restricted to an acceptable risk of direct flame contact and ember attack and a
tolerable level of risk from radiant heat impact. The risk of grassfire movement is also noted
as inherently present. The identified severity of risk is anticipated to be reduced to an
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain Acceptable level given implementation of the mitigation measures defined in this report, thereby satisfying the Noosa Plan and SPP Bushfire 2019 requirements. © 2021 19
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669
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5 BUSHFIRE IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES
5.1 General
The following section describes bushfire impact reduction measures to be incorporated into
the proposed development to reduce the risk of bushfire impacts to people and property.
Implementation of the identified measures are not implied nor intended to advocate that
building occupants remain on the site during a bushfire event, nor that people and property
will be protected from bushfire impacts. The measures are intended to reduce the potential
severity of bushfire impact to the development and not prevent bushfire impact. The bushfire
mitigation measures have been derived from:
· Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning’s State
Planning Policy – State interest guidance material – Natural hazards, risk and
resilience – Bushfire (December 2019) (referenced herein as SPP (Bushfire) 2019);
and
· Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2019). Planning for Bushfire Resilient
Communities.
5.2 Asset Protection Zones
5.2.1 General
Asset Protection Zones (APZ) provide a defensive tool to assist in the reduction of potential
bushfire impact to people and property situated in bushfire prone areas. For illustrative
purposes, Plate 10 depicts the concept of an APZ surrounding a dwelling in a bushfire prone
areas.
Plate 10 – Asset Protection Zones
The development site has been confirmed to be located within a bushfire hazard area, albeit
only the western extent, hence provision of adequate separation between the future dwelling
on Lot 2 is required to provide a reasonable level of safety to site occupants and emergency
services staff.
The configuration of APZ’s is typically determined based on the results of the site-specific
hazard assessment including risk of bushfire impact, flame length analysis, applicable
AS3959-2018 Bushfire Attack Levels and SPP Assessment Benchmark setback
requirements. In this instance, the assessed plan of development offers a minimum of 170m
separation between the Lot 2 building envelope and the VHC 9.1 open Eucalypt forest located
offsite to the west.
5.2.2 State Planning Policy – State Interest Guidance Material (Natural Hazards, Risks
and Resilience – Bushfire) December 2019 Requirements
Assessment Benchmark 4 of the State Planning Policy – state interest guidance material
states:
Development supports, and does not hinder, disaster management response or recovery
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capacity or capabilities. Where reconfiguring a lot creating lots of greater than 2000 square
metres:
To ensure emergency access and operational space for firefighters the subdivision layout
results in lots that are sited so that they are separated from the closest edge to the adjacent
medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity area by a distance that achieves a
radiant heat flux level of 29 kilowatt per square metre or less at:
1. The building envelope, if identified at RaL stage, or
2. Where a building envelope is not identified, at all the lot boundaries.
Compliance with Assessment Benchmark 4 can be attained where all allotments are
sufficiently separated from the nearby forest hazard so that a radiant heat flux level at any
point on the building envelope, or the lot boundaries where no building envelope is identified,
does not exceed 29 kW/m².
Determination of the setbacks required to satisfy Assessment Benchmark 4 can be identified
from the quantitative modelling output presented in Section 3.3 herein. The output results from
Plate 8 can be used to identify the setback requirements to achieve the <29 kW/m² radiant
heat flux SPP requirement. The required setback is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 – Radiant Heat Flux Minimum Setbacks to secure <29kW/m²
VHC Direction <29 kW/m² Setback*
(m)
and slope (º)
9.1 west (12) 21.8
* Source – Flamesol Minimum Distance calculator
Table 4 identifies that a minimum setback of 21.8m is required to expose the building envelope
on Lot 2 to <29 kW/m² radiant heat exposure. The Lot 2 BLE is located approximately 170m
from the identified hazardous vegetation and is flanked by low threat mowed grassland and
low hazard regrowth vine forest vegetation hence readily complies with Assessment
Benchmark 4.
The Lot 2 BLE is located in a confirmed Low Potential Bushfire Intensity Area (refer BF03) and
is separated from the adjacent westerly VHC 9.1 hazard by approximately 150m more than
that required under the SPP Bushfire 2019. Assignment of a specific APZ to the BLE on Lot 2
is therefore currently deemed unnecessary. Future landscaping and woody regrowth west of
the BLE may result in increased bushfire hazard on the site and the landholder should refer
to Section 5.6 herein for guidance on this matter.
5.3 Water Supply
The availability of a reliable water supply for firefighting purposes is a vital tool in the defence
of bushfire impact. Reticulated water supply is not currently available to the site. Lot 2 will
therefore require provision of a readily accessible on-site emergency static water supply in
accordance with Assessment Benchmark 4 of the SPP Bushfire 2019. Assessment
Benchmark 4 references the QFES 2019 Bushfire resilient communities document for
information regarding appropriate static water supply. Section 9.1 of Bushfire resilient
communities’ states:
An appropriate static water supply (in bushfire prone areas where reticulated supply is not
provided) to support effective emergency services response includes a water tank that is
available solely for firefighting purposes and can be accessed by firefighting appliances. The
water tank is to be provided within 10 metres of each building (other than a class 10
building), which:
a) is either below ground level or of non-flammable construction;
b) has a take-off connection at a level that allows the following dedicated, static water
supply to be left available for access by firefighters:
i. 10,000 litres for residential buildings;
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ii. for industrial, commercial and other buildings, a volume specified in AS 2304–2011
Water storagetanks for fire protection systems;
c) is protected from bushfire attack, including shielding of tanks and pumps in
accordance with AS 2304–2011 Water storage tanks for fire protection systems;
d) allows medium rigid vehicle (15 tonne fire appliance) clear access within six metres of
the tank
e) if serviced by a rural fire brigade, is provided with rural fire brigade tank fittings of a
50-millimetre ball valve and male camlock coupling and, if underground, an access hole
of 200 millimetres (minimum) to accommodate suction lines;
f) is clearly identified by directional signage at the street frontage.
The above QFES static water supply provisions form the water supply recommendation for
the development.
5.4 Fire Breaks
The provision of fire breaks and fire trails within a site located in a bushfire prone area offers
an important bushfire defence measure to assist in reducing the risk and severity of bushfire
ingress onto and through a site. Given the separation of 170m between the identified
hazardous vegetation and the proposed BLE and the presence of the two-lane formed and
sealed Black Mountain Range Road between the hazardous vegetation and the BLE, no
specific fire break trail is deemed warranted.
5.5 Vehicular Access
Development in bushfire prone areas should be serviced by safe access/exit points for both
occupants and emergency services personnel. No new roads are proposed as part of the
development. The new allotment is proposed to gain access to Black Mountain Range Road
to the west via a shared access easement with Lot 1. A formed driveway is proposed to be
constructed to minimum 3.5m width and an approximate length of 150m, with a passing bay
constructed approximately halfway along the driveway. The access driveway will traverse a
gentle grade slope at the crest of the ridgeline. The driveway is located within a low threat
area bordered by existing cleared rural-residential development and therefore the risk of
access/egress becoming constrained during a bushfire event is low.
Section 5 of the QFES Fire Hydrant and Vehicle Access for Residential, Industrial and
Commercial Lots (03/2019) specifies that a minimum roadway clearance of 3.5m wide by 4.8m
high is required for an urban fire truck. No specific driveway recommendations are therefore
deemed warranted.
5.6 Landscaping and Regrowth
Existing and future landscaping within the site should avoid increasing the potential for
bushfire hazard. Assessment Benchmark 5 of the SPP Bushfire 2019 seeks that the site layout
places the landscape and open spaces within the site between premises and adjacent mapped
medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity areas. This landscaping and open space
comprises protective landscape treatments that:
1. Comprise only low threat vegetation (for example grassland managed in a minimal fuel
condition, maintained lawns, golf courses and cultivated gardens); or
2. Are designed to ensure a potential available fuel load is maintained at less than 8
tonnes/hectare in aggregate and with a fuel structure that remains discontinuous.
To reduce the potential for bushfire impact to buildings, structures and occupants as a result
of future regrowth and landscaping works within the site, it is recommended:
· Any landscaping between the Lot 2 BLE and the western site boundary satisfies
Assessment Benchmark 5 of the SPP Bushfire 2019, including the low threat
vegetation criteria prescribed in section 2.2.3.2 of AS 3959:2018 or later iterations
thereof;
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· No woody mulch is used within 2m of buildings;
· No trees or shrubs are retained within 6m of the buildings;
· Beyond 6m, any trees desired to be retained are to be continuously defoliated below
< 4m height above ground level and no limbs are to extend to within 6m of the roof line
of the buildings. All pruning should be undertaken in accordance with AS 4373 Pruning
of amenity trees;
· Future landscaping works/plantings maximise the use of locally indigenous, low
flammability species and or low-density plantings of suitable open forest /woodland
species with low bark shedding characteristics. Landholders should consult their local
native plant nursery for suitable species selection.
The low threat conditions within Lot 2 are to be maintained by the respective individual
landholder/s and or occupants in perpetuity.
5.7 General Property Maintenance
The undertaking of an appropriate level of property maintenance throughout the year, and in
particular prior to the fire season, can significantly reduce the severity of fire impact upon a
site. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services recommend the following general actions be
undertaken to prepare for the fire season:
Structure
· Clear leaves, twigs, bark and other debris from the roof and gutters.
· Purchase and test the effectiveness of gutter plugs.
· Enclose open areas under decks and floors.
· Install fine steel wire mesh screens on all windows, doors, vents and weep holes.
· Point LPG cylinder relief valves away from the house.
· Conduct maintenance checks on pumps, generators and water systems.
· Seal all gaps in external roof and wall cladding.
Access
· Display a prominent house or lot number, in case it is required in an emergency.
· Ensure there is adequate access to your property for fire trucks - 4 metres wide by 4
metres high, with a turn-around area.
Vegetation
· Reduce vegetation loads along the access path.
· Mow your grass regularly.
· Remove excess ground fuels and combustible material (long dry grass, dead leaves
and branches).
· Trim low-lying branches two metres from the ground surrounding your home.
Note the above recommendations are that of QFES and are offered herein for advisory
purposes. They have not been set as recommendations for certification purposes.
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6 AUSTRALIAN STANDARD 3959:2018 CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN
BUSHFIRE PRONE AREAS (AS 3959:2018) SETBACKS
The site is mapped within the Natural Hazards Overlay in the Noosa Plan 2020 (refer to Plate
11).
Plate 11 – Noosa Bushfire Hazard Overlay
In accordance with the definition in the National Construction Code, a designated bushfire
prone area in Queensland is land which has been designated under a power of legislation as
being subject, or likely to be subject, to bushfires. Construction of a Class 1 dwelling within a
designated bushfire prone area triggers building design assessment under AS 3959:2018.
The Standard provides minimum construction requirements for new habitable dwellings and
habitable building alterations in designated Bushfire Prone Areas. The construction
requirements are intended to improve the performance of buildings subjected to burning
debris, radiant heat or flame contact. Building works in Designated Bushfire Prone Areas must
be built to the Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) construction standard relevant to the building site
as identified by the AS 3959:2018 methodology.
A specific BAL assessment will be required once building plans have been progressed given
the BAL relies on an accurate understanding of the final footprint of the building within the BLE
and is required to be assessed against the active iteration of the Standard at the time of
assessment.
Note rainforest vegetation is not assessable within QLD under AS3959. Based on the
separation to SPP hazardous vegetation identified herein, the BAL for Lot 2 is anticipated to
be BAL Low however this should be confirmed at the time of building certification.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain 7 LEGISLATION AND OVERLAYS 7.1 Noosa Plan 2020 – Natural Hazards Overlay Code The proposed development is considered assessable development and therefore is assessable against Table 8.2.3.3 Bushfire Hazard Area of Council’s Part 8.2.3 Bushfire Overlay Code which has been reproduced as Table 4. © 2021 25
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Table 4 – Table 8.2.3.3 Bushfire Hazard Areas – Part 8 Overlay Code Noosa Plan 2020
PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES ACCEPTABLE OUTCOMES PROPOSED SOLUTION
Safety of people and property
PO1 AO1.1 This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to
Development maintains the safety of people and Development which will materially increase the number of people maintain the safety of people and property from the adverse impacts of bushfire.
property from the adverse impacts of bushfire. living or congregating on premises, including reconfiguring a lot, is not
AO1.1 –The proposed Lot 2 BLE is located outside of a mapped medium or high
located within a medium or high bushfire hazard area.
bushfire hazard area as depicted on the Local Hazard Area Map BF03.
AO1.2 AO1.2 – The development has provided a minimum 170m setback between the
Development maximises setbacks from hazardous vegetation to proposed Lot 2 BLE and the hazardous vegetation located to offsite to the west.
achieve an acceptable risk. This setback achieves an acceptable risk where the mitigation measures
detailed within this report are employed.
Editor’s Note —PSP8 Natural Hazards provides guidance for
assessing bushfire hazard risk and preparing a bushfire hazard
management plan.
Impact on Ecologically Important Areas
PO2 No acceptable outcome provided No clearing of vegetation for bushfire mitigation measures is required. The
Bushfire mitigation measures do not adversely impact bushfire mitigation measures prescribed herein will not adversely impact on
on: biodiversity values, connectivity, ecosystem functioning, and the long-term
physical integrity of waterways, wetlands and areas of native vegetation.
a) biodiversity values, connectivity and ecosystem
functioning; and
b) the long term physical integrity of waterways, wetland
and areas of native vegetation.
Water Supply for Fire Fighting Purposes
PO3 AO3.1 PO3 – The site will not be connected to a reticulated water supply. Water supply
Development provides an adequate water supply for Premises are connected to the reticulated water supply. recommendations have been set herein consistent with SPP Assessment
firefighting purpose which is reliable, safely located and Benchmark water supply requirements.
freely accessible. Editor's note—For reconfiguring a lot, water supply needs to provide
for a minimum flow and pressure of 10 litres a second at 200kPa at all
times for firefighting purposes.
OR
AO3.2
Where there is no available reticulated water supply, the premises
has:
a) an accessible dam, swimming pool or water tank available for
firefighting purposes with an onsite water volume of not less than
5,000 litres; and
b) a water supply outlet pipe 50 millimetres in diameter fitted with a
standard fire brigade fitting connected to the water supply (other than
where the water supply is in a swimming pool or dam).
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PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES ACCEPTABLE OUTCOMES PROPOSED SOLUTION
Editor’s Note—Water supply capacity for firefighting purposes is in
addition to water supply capacity for other uses and activities on the
premises.
Essential Community Infrastructure
PO4 AO4.1 PO4 - The proposed development does not involve essential community
Essential community infrastructure is able to function Development involving essential community infrastructure is not infrastructure.
effectively during and immediately after bushfire events. located within a medium or high bushfire hazard area.
OR
AO4.2
Where located in a medium or high bushfire hazard area,
development involving essential community infrastructure is designed
to function effectively during and after a bushfire event in accordance
with a Bushfire Hazard Management Plan.
Editor’s Note— PSP8 Natural Hazards provides guidance for
assessing bushfire hazard risk and preparing a bushfire hazard
management plan.
Hazardous Material
PO5 AO5 PO5 - The proposed development does not involve the manufacture or storage
Public safety and the environment are not adversely Hazardous materials are not manufactured or stored in bulk in a of hazardous materials in bulk.
affected by the impacts of bushfire on hazardous bushfire hazard area.
materials manufacturing or storing in bulk.
Access and Evacuation Routes
PO6 AO6.1 PO6 - N/A – No new roads are proposed.
Roads provide for easy and safe evacuation of residents The road layout provides for through-roads and avoids cul-de-sacs
of premises and access by emergency services. and dead-end roads.
OR
AO6.2
The development has a perimeter road reserve with a minimum width
of 20 metres and maximum gradient of 12.5%.
OR
AO6.3
Cul-de-sacs or no-through roads are provided with fire trails or access
easements, which are capable of being navigated by conventional
vehicles and which link to through roads.
AO6.4
Safe access and egress is available at all times to all of the
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PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES ACCEPTABLE OUTCOMES PROPOSED SOLUTION
development for emergency vehicles and personnel.
AO6.5
Where an emergency access point is required, it complies with the
relevant works codes and PSP6 Engineering Design Standards.
Lot design
PO7 AO7 PO7- Lot 1 includes retention of the existing dwelling located onsite. No building
Lot design and building siting minimises bushfire hazard Each residential lot: works are proposed within this allotment, hence a BLE has not been nominated.
risk to people and property. a) includes a building envelope, identified on a plan of subdivision;
A BLE has been located within Lot 2 and the allotment is of sufficient size and
b) is of sufficient size and shape to allow for efficient emergency shape to allow for efficient emergency access for firefighting purposes. Although
access to buildings for firefighting appliances (e.g. by avoiding battle- the access driveway to the Lot 2 BLE is approximately 150m long, it is proposed
axe/hatchet lots and long narrow lots with long access driveways to to be formed to a minimum 3.5m width and is flanked by low hazard conditions.
buildings);
The BLE within Lot 2 has been located within a low hazard area and is provided
c) where more than 2500m², achieves setbacks from hazardous with sufficient separation to confirmed hazardous vegetation to secure a BAL
vegetation in line with Bushfire Attack Level 29 requirements as per 12.5 or possibly BAL Low construction standard under AS3959.
AS3959; and
d) is designed so that buildings and structures are sited in locations of
lowest hazard within the lot and elements of the development least
susceptible to fire are closest to the fire hazard.
Firebreaks and fire access tracks
PO8 AO8.1 A08.2 – No firebreaks have been proposed nor are deemed necessary as part
Firebreaks and fire access tracks provide: Where development involves the creation of a new road and lots, a of the plan of development. Given the separation of 170m between the identified
firebreak is provided by providing a cleared road reserve not less than hazardous vegetation and the proposed BLE and the presence of the two-lane
20 metres wide and maximum gradient of 12.5% around the perimeter formed and sealed Black Mountain Range Road between the hazardous
a) adequate access for firefighting and other
of the subdivision, between the created lots and surrounding vegetation and the BLE, no specific fire break trail is deemed warranted.
emergency vehicles; and
vegetated lands.
b) adequate access for the evacuation of residents and OR
emergency personnel in an emergency situation. AO8.2
Fire access tracks are provided between the created lots and
surrounding vegetated land that:
a) have a cleared minimum width of 6 metres;
b) have a maximum gradient of 12.5%;
c) provide unbroken access for fire fighting vehicles;
d) provide passing bays and turning areas;
e) are located within an access easement that is granted in favour of
Noosa Council and the Queensland Fire and Rescue Service.
AO8.3
Bushfire management measures are carried out on the subject AO8.3 – All bushfire management measures prescribed herein would be
property and not any adjoining property. carried out on the subject property and not rely upon any adjoining property.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain 7.2 State Planning Policy – Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience The Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning’s State Planning Policy – State interest guidance material – Natural hazards, risk and resilience – Bushfire (December 2019) contains the development assessment benchmarks for natural hazards, risk and resilience - bushfire. An assessment of the proposed development’s compliance with each of the assessment benchmarks has been provided below. Assessment Benchmark 4 Where reconfiguring a lot creating lots of greater than 2000 square metres To ensure emergency access and operational space for firefighters, include a development footprint plan that is separated from the closest edge of the adjacent mapped medium, high or very high potential bushfire intensity area by a distance that achieves a radiant heat flux level of 29 kilowatt per square metre or less. The Lot 2 BLE separation achieves a radiant heat flux level of well below 29kW/m2 (approx. 0.9kW/m²) to the hazardous vegetation located to the west of the site. To facilitate safe evacuation during a bushfire event, include a development footprint plan that is located within 60 metres of the street frontage and sited to enable a route between the development footprint plan and the street frontage with a gradient that does not exceed of 12.5 per cent. Although the proposed Lot 2 BLE is located greater than 60m from the street frontage (approximately 150m), the access driveway is located through low hazard conditions and contains a passing bay approximately halfway along. The access route is also buffered from westerly fire approach by the cleared and formed Black Mountain Range Road. The grade of the driveway does not exceed 12.5%. The proposed access driveway is considered suitable to facilitate safe evacuation during a bushfire event. Assessment Benchmark 5 Where reconfiguring a lot: Subdivision design avoids locating lots (or for lots greater than 2000 square metres, avoids locating the development footprint plan) that are within bushfire prone areas and on ridgelines, saddles and crests where slopes exceed 15 per cent. The Lot 2 BLE is positioned on a broad east-west aligned ridgeline and external of a bushfire prone area as depicted on the Local Hazard Map (refer BF-03). The land slopes up to the west towards the identified hazard (i.e., 1º site slope). Slopes adjacent to the BLE exceed 30 per cent however are host to low hazard mowed grassland and vine forest vegetation and therefore unlikely to support a wildfire event which could increase in intensity as a result of the steep topography. Assessment Benchmark 7 Where a requirement for an asset protection zone (or similar) exists: Landscaping treatments comprise only low threat vegetation, including grassland managed in a minimal fuel condition, maintained lawns, golf courses, maintained public reserves and parklands, vineyards, orchards, cultivated gardens, commercial nurseries, nature strips and windbreaks. OR Landscaping management maintains a potential available fuel load which is less than eight tonnes/hectare in aggregate, and fuel structure which is discontinuous. OR Development includes a bushfire management plan for the maintenance of any identified asset protection zone, including landscape design and ongoing vegetation management. No specific APZ has been prescribed for the Lot 2 BLE as it is located approximately 170m from the identified hazardous vegetation. Landscaping recommendations set in Section 5.6 comply with Assessment Benchmark 7. © 2021 29
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8 CONCLUSIONS
This Bushfire Hazard Assessment and Management Plan has been prepared to assess and
manage the degree of potential bushfire risk acting on the proposed Reconfiguration of a Lot
development application (1 into 2) for Lot 2 on RP131369 located at 108 Black Mountain
Range Road, Black Mountain.
A Local Hazard Map has been prepared for the site consistent with the State Planning Policy
– Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience – Technical Manual – A ‘fit for purpose’ approach in
undertaking natural hazard studies and risk assessments. The Local Hazard Map has
identified that the western extent of the site is located within a Potential Impact Buffer Area
associated with a High Potential Bushfire Intensity Area located offsite to the west.
A bushfire risk assessment has been undertaken in general accordance with AS/NZS ISO
31000:2018 – Risk Management Methodology. The risk assessment identified that the
proposed Lot 2 BLE is exposed to a Likely –Tolerable risk of radiant heat impact in the absence
of additional mitigation measures being employed. The identified risk could be reduced to a
Likely – Acceptable level where all recommendations set herein are adopted.
Overall, the development proposed for the site, in combination with recommendations
referenced herein, is deemed suitable with respect to providing a reasonable level of
protection for people and property within the site.
Bushfire is an extremely serious and often unpredictable phenomenon that requires serious
preparatory planning and decision making to avoid potential damage to infrastructure and or
loss of life. All recommendations made herein have been formulated based on site conditions
at the time of writing and therefore may not be appropriate in the event site conditions change
over time. In this regard, future regrowth of flammable woody vegetation in the west of the site
may trigger the need to install a specific asset protection zone about the dwelling on Lot 2.
Implementation of the bushfire mitigation measures referenced herein is not implied nor
intended to advocate that residents remain on the site during a bushfire event nor that people
and property will be protected from bushfire impact. The measures are intended to reduce
the potential severity of bushfire impact to persons and property and not prevent actual
bushfire impact.
The landowners and site managers are to be responsible for ensuring the measures
prescribed herein are applied and stay up to date with site conditions and industry standards.
Landholders/managers should therefore liaise with Queensland Fire and Rescue Services at
regular intervals (e.g. recommended at least every 5 years).
The first call in the event of a bushfire emergency should always be ‘000’.
8.1 Certification Matters
The following bushfire mitigation measures are to be certified as satisfactorily completed by
the project Bushfire Consultant prior to commencement of the proposed/approved uses on the
site:
· All actionable recommendations set in Section 5 of this report have been implemented
(i.e. establishment of APZs, landscaping etc.) where practical at the time of
certification.
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain 9 REFERENCES Cruz M.G., Gould J.S., Alexander M.E., Sullivan A.L., McCaw W.L., Matthews S. (2015) A Guide to Rate of Fire Spread Models for Australian Vegetation. CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Canberra, ACT, and AFAC, Melbourne, Vic, 123pp. Gould, McCaw, Cheney, Ellis & Matthews. (2007). Field Guide – Fuel assessment and fire behaviour in dry eucalypt open forest. Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra, ACT and Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth, WA. Leonard, J., Opie, K. (2017). Estimating the potential bushfire hazard of vegetation patches and corridors. An enhancement of Queensland’s methodology for State-wide mapping of bushfire prone areas. CSIRO Land & Water, Australia. Noosa Planning Scheme (2006). Bushfire Hazard Overlay Code. Noosa Council. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2019). Bushfire Resilient Communities - Technical Reference Guide for the State Planning Policy - State Interest Guideline - Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience 2- Bushfire. Southeast Queensland Fire and Biodiversity Consortium – Operational Manual. The State of Queensland, Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning (2019). Natural hazards, risk and resilience - Bushfire State Planning Policy – state interest guidance material. Webster. (2002). The Complete Bushfire Safety Book. Random House (Aust) Pty Ltd. © 2021 31
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain APPENDIX 1 – SITE LAYOUT © 2021 32
Page 34
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Notes.
1.Boundaries are compiled from the DCDB and have not been surveyed in the preparation
of this plan. Areas and dimensions may therefore vary on survey.
2. Emt A is for access and services.
Client: Horizontal Datum: Drawing Number: Surveyed/Checked: 103 Wrigley St (Cnr Sugar Rd)
TOTAL CONCEPT HOMES MGA 56 vide DCDB
208516-03-01 PO Box 5774
Vertical Datum: N/A Sheet no.1 of 1 sheets. Drawn/Checked: JPG/ENW MAROOCHYDORE BC QLD 4558
Drawing Title:
PROPOSAL PLAN Co-Consultants: Rev Date Description Date: 16/12/2020 (P) 07 5479 5311
(E) [email protected]
Site Description: Alta Projects Scale: 1:1500 at A3 (W) www.cadcon.com.au
Reconfiguration of Lot 2 on RP131369 into 2 Lots
North Coast Environmental Services
at 108 Black Mountain Range Rd, BLACK MOUNTAIN 0 50 70 ACN 098 201 828 Part of CadCon International Pty Ltd
Tectonic Geotechnical and Environmental Engineers
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Bushfire Hazard Assessment & Management Plan v1 NCES REF: J000669 Lot 2 on RP131369 – 108 Black Mountain Range Road, Black Mountain APPENDIX 2 – LOT 2 BLE RADIANT HEAT EXPOSURE FLAMESOL © 2021 33
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1/13/2021 Flamesol - powered by FPA Australia s FPA | MS AUSTRALIA Calculated January 13, 2021, 2:34 pm (BALc v.4.9) Radiant Heat VHC 9.1 Inputs Fire Danger 47 Index Vegetation Forest classification Understorey fuel load Total fuel load Vegetation height Effective slope Site slope Distance to vegetation Flame width Windspeed Heat of combustion Flame temperature Rate of Spread - Mcarthur, 1973 & Noble et al., 1980 21 t/ha 24.2 t/ha n/a 12° 170m 80m n/a 18,600 kJ/kg 1,090 K Outputs Rate of 2.71 km/h spread Flame length 20.52 m Flame angle 84° Panel height 20.41 m Elevation of 7.23 m receiver Fire intensity Transmissivity Viewfactor Radiant heat flux 33,893 kW/m 0.678 0.0174 0.9 kW/m? Flame length - NSW Rural Fire Service, 2001 & Noble et al., 1980 Elevation of receiver - Douglas & Tan, 2005 Flame angle - Douglas & Tan, 2005 Radiant heat flux - Drysdale, 1999, Sullivan et al., 2003, Douglas & Tan, 2005 tools.flamesol.com.au/BALc_output.php?CALCTITLE=Radiant+Heat+VHC+9.1&EFFECTIVESLOPE=12&SITESLOPE=1&VEGETATION=forest&... 1/1