Noosa Plan Submission 17 December 2015 - Final submission table

       considering that children do spend a lot of time on outdoor school activities. When
       they are active, the inhalation rate increases and thus pollutant intakes”.


44.    Given that the proposed service station will generate substantially more traffic (in this
       case 129 cars per peak hour) within very close proximity (30 metres) to GSLC, it is
       reasonable to conclude that a much greater concentration of UFPs and VOC’s from
       traffic emissions will penetrate the GSLC open air pool facility and beyond. This is
       even more concerning given that the main group of people affected is children.

45.    The above study notes the increased exposure simply from drop-off and pick-up
       traffic. This only represents a few minutes of close exposure in a day, compared with
       the more extended exposure to children at swimming lessons (anywhere between 30-
       90 mins) during which time they are actively inhaling the surrounding air.


46.    It is to be stressed that the potential adverse health impacts will be evident regardless
       of what vapour recovery system the developer implements (i.e. VR1 and VR2) as the
       increased traffic will still be a constant factor.


47.    Consequently, at the very least, it should be incumbent on the developer to provide
       an independent assessment, modelling the impact of traffic emissions on the GSLC,
       prior to any development proceeding.

          Harmful effect of petrol emissions from the service station

48.    Emissions from service stations are widely acknowledged to contain compounds
       harmful to health, including:

                  benzene9
                  toluene
                  xylenes; and
                  ethylbenzene

49.    Air toxins emitted from service stations include significant quantities of benzene which
       is a known health risk and carcinogen10.

50.    Exposure to emissions from service stations has been shown to be associated with
       increased risks of childhood leukaemia, independent of other risk factors (C Steffen et
       al 2004 – “Acute childhood leukaemia and environmental exposure to potential
       sources of benzene and other hydrocarbons; a case-control study”)11.




9
  The Environmental Protection (Air) Policy 2008 Qld (EPP) sets exposure an objective for of 3 ppb (parts per
billion) over a 1-year period.
10
   (Morales Terrés et al, 2010). See file:///C:/Users/Kelly/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0301479710002574-
main%20(2).pdf
11
   See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1763669/pdf/v061p00773.pdf
                                                                                                                11